Ecostat

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      1 
 	
		
Government of Kerala 	
 	
 	
 
Report on  
Private Medical Laboratories  
in Kerala 
 
 
 	
 	
 	
Survey Design Division 	
Directorate of Economics & Statistics 
November 2014

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      2 
 	
Preface 	
The Department of  Economics and Statistics is conducting surveys and 
studies on subjects of importance for planning and development purposes.  
Medical laboratories have very signif icant role in supporting the medical 
institutions in diagnosing and treatment of diseases. Drastic increase in such 
institutions with modern technologies has taken place in recent years. In this 
context, the Government have accorded sanction to conduct a survey on Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State and subsequently depar tment has conducted a 
complete enumeration of  all the Private Medical Laboratories, where tests are 
done on biological specimens, in order to get information about the health of a 
patient. 
Through the survey, an effort was made to ascertain the total number of 
registered and unregistered Private Medical Laboratories in the State, details of 
availability of the equipments used, the facilities available and the number and 
qualif ications of  the staff working in these institutions.  
The schedule for data collection was prepared by the Survey Design 
Division of  the department and f inalized by the Survey Coordination Committee 
of  the Department under the chairmanship of  Sri.A.Rajan, Joint Director. I thank 
all the members of the committee for their sincere efforts. 
This report was prepared by the Survey Design Division of  the Directorate 
of  Economics & Statistics under the guidance of  Dr.C.Sureshkumar, 
Director(SDRT) and Sri.A.P.Harilal, Joint Director. At district level, the survey was 
supervised by the Deputy Directors and Research Officers of the district offices 
and at Taluk level, Taluk Statistical Officers and Statistical Inspectors. The data 
collection was carried out by the Statistic al Inves tigators, who were the eyes and 
ears of  the survey, working in the various Taluk Statistical Offices. I 
acknowledge the tireless work done by all of them to make the survey a success.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      3 
 	
The technic al ass is tanc e provided by Dr .Sunija.S, Direc tor and 
Shr i.Jaichand.J, Jun ior  Sc ientif ic  Off icer of  the S tate Publ ic Health Labor atory,  
Kerala are duly acknowledged. Admirable cooperation extended by the owners 
and staff of  the Private Medical Laboratories is also acknowledged. 
I hope that this report will be useful to the planners, policy makers, 
academicians and researchers. Suggestions f or improvement of  the content of  the 
report will be highly appreciated. 
 
04.11.2014 V.Ramachandra	
n 
Director General 	
 

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      4 
 	
Contributions 	
Dat a analyzing & Report  wr it in g 
Kiran.S (Research Officer) 	
 	
Re port Edit ing 	
C.S.Lathakumari, Joint Director (Survey Design Division)  	
 	
S che dule Pre par ation   	
Survey Design Division under the guidance of Survey Coordination 
Committee 	
 	
Supervision - District Level 	
Deputy Directors 
Research Officers 	
 
Supervision - Taluk Level 	
Taluk Statistical Officers 
Statistical Inspectors 	
 	
Data Collection 	
Statistical Investigators 	
 	
Softwar e Pre par ation & Tab le generat io n 	
Abhilash.K.V, Statistical Assistant Gr-I 	
 	
Technical Suppo rt 	
Dr.Sunija.S, Director, State Public Health Laboratory, 
Thiruvananthapuram 
Jaichand.J, Junior Sc ientific Offic er, State Public Health Labo ratory, 
Thiruvananthapuram

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      5 
 	
Contents 	
 
 Preface   
 Contributions   
  Highlights   ……………………………………….…………………  6 
Chapter-1  Introduction    …………………………………….……………….  10 
Chapter-2  Characteristics of Labs    …………………….……….………. 	
13 	
Chapter-3  Medical Equipments used in Labs …………….……….……. 	23 	
Chapter-4  Laboratory Facilities     ………………………………………….. 	28 	
Chapter-5  Financial Aspects   ……………………………………………….. 	36 	
Chapter-6  Work Force   ……………………………………………………….. 	41 	
Appendix  Detailed Tables    …………………………………………………. 	48

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      6 
 	
Highlights 	
1. General characteristics of Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala 
 There is a total of 4168 Private Medical Laboratories across the State. 
Thrissur district tops with 12% (503) of the total number of labs followed 
by Malappuram (477). 
 Among the municipal corporations, Thiruvananthapuram tops with 134 
Private Medical Laboratories followed by Kozhikode with 101 and least 
number of labs in Kollam with 60 laboratories. 
 Among municipalities, Manjeri tops with 41 Private Medical Laboratories 
followed by Alappuzha with 38 and least number of labs in Eloor and 
Thrikkakkara with 3 each. 
 Out of 4168 Private Medical Laboratories in the State, 3635 are 
functioning in rented buildings. 
 Around 81%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are 
functioning in buildings with area ranges from 101 to 500 sqft. 
 35%  of the Private Medical Laboratories are functioning in the State 
without any registration. 
 1524 Private Medical Laboratories in the State are using the waste 
disposal facility provided by IMA viz. IMAGE. 72%  of the Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State are still doing Local Disposal as a waste 
treatment plan.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      7 
 	
 93%  or a total of 3887 Private Medical Laboratories in the State have no 
Accreditation/Certification from any of the agencies.  
 26%  or 1080 of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State do not 
perform any Internal/External Quality checking of the working capacity 
of the laboratory equipments and the quality of the laboratory tests. 
 Only 9% or 389 Private Medical Laboratories use Bio-safety Cabinet in 
their labs. 
 Only a 5%  or 203 Private Medical Laboratories in the State are equipped 
with ‘immunoassay analyzer’. 
2. Facilities Available in the Private Medical Laboratories 
 Radioimmunoassay (RIA) facility is available only in 1%  or 45 Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State. 
 40%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State offers ECG facility 
and 1%  of the Private Medical Laboratories offers EEG facility.. 
 23%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State do not outsource 
any tests while 59%  outsource within State, 10%  outside State and 8%  
within & outside State. 
 8%  or 351 of the Private Medical Laboratories have X-Ray/Digital X-Ray 
facility. Out of this, only 35%  or 123 laboratories are using TLD Badge in 
their laboratory. 
 1027 Private Medical Laboratories in the State offers home visit for blood 
sample collection.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      8 
 
3. Financial aspects. 
 The ascertained value of fixed assets of Private Medical Laboratories in 
the State	
 amounts to around 440 Crore rupees.	 
 An amount of Rs.597.3 million is the outstanding loan amount of the 
Private Medical Laboratories. In addition to this, an amount of Rs. 395.7 
million reported as other liabilities.  
 The total income generated by the Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State during the financial year 2012-13 is Rs.3795.5 million and the 
total expenditure reported by the firms is Rs.2403.3 million. 
4. Number of staffs and qualifications 
 Out of the total 3328 non-technical staffs, 1258 are males and 2070 are 
females. (In other words, the ratio of male to female is 38:62).  
 11,093 technical staffs working in the Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State, out of which 8,985 are females.  
 374 or 3.4%  of them have no technical educational qualification, but only 
experience.  
 6,861 persons or 62%  of the technical staff are diploma holders.  
 81%  (or 9037 persons) working in the Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State are laboratory technicians out of which 7891 are females and 6%  
(or 617 persons) are X-Ray technicians out of which 388 are females.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      9 
 	
 Many of the Private Medical Laboratories, which offers different courses, 
do not have separate teaching staff post, and these are managed by the 
regular technical staff.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      10 
 	
Chapter 1 
Introduction 	
1.1. Survey on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala 
1.1.1 Kerala has achieved remarkable progress in social development, which is 
reflected in many development indicators like life expectance, health standards, 
literacy rate etc.  In the matter of maintaining high health standards, Kerala is 
a model to the developing countries of the world.   
1.1.2 Even though the per capita income of Kerala is much less compared to 
the developed countries, social standards of the State are equal or above to 
that of developed countries.  This is due to the accessibility and coverage of 
medical care facilities in Kerala.  There is a general view that the private 
medical institutions in the State fulfill more than 75%  of the medical needs of 
the State. 
1.1.3 Medical laboratories have very significant role in supporting the medical 
institutions in diagnosing and treatment of diseases. Drastic increase in such 
institutions with modern technologies has taken place in recent years. A 
complete enumeration of these institutions was carried out through the survey 
and all the registered and unregistered laboratories were surveyed. 
1.2. Definition 
1.2.1  The term Private Medical Laboratories used for the survey is a 
laboratory, which is working in private sector, where tests are done on 
biological specimens in order to get information about the health of a patient. 
Such laboratories may or may not contain radiology facilities such as X-Ray

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      11 
 
and scanning, but X-Ray and scanning centers where, laboratory tests are not 
done are not included in the survey. 
1.3. Objectives  
1.3.1 The main objectives of the Survey was to  
i. Ascertain the total number of registered and unregistered Private 
Medical Laboratories in Kerala 
ii. Training facilities available/offered by these institutions 
iii. Collect the details of availability of the equipments used in these 
institutions 
iv. Ascertain the facilities available in these institutions 
v. Collect the number of people utilizing the services of the Private 
medical laboratories 
vi. Details regarding the Income/Expenditure of these institutions 
vii. Collect the details regarding the number and qualifications of the 
persons working in these institutions 
1.4. Methodology 
1.4.1 List of all private medical laboratories were identified and data collected 
by visiting all Grama Panchayath/ Municipalities/Corporations by local 
enquiry.  The details of workers, facilities, assets etc were collected from these 
institutions by direct enquiries by the investigators of the Department in 
addition to their normal duties.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      12 
 
1.4.2 Survey on Private Medical Laboratories started in the month of November 
2013 and field work completed by the middle of February 2014. Data entry was 
done through online web portal using the online data entry software prepared 
by the Computer Division of the department. Data entry work completed by the 
end of March 2014. 
1.4.3 Taluk Statistical Officers and Statistical Inspectors were the primary 
supervisors of the work.  The full responsibility of conducting the survey in 
each district was vested upon the Deputy Directors in the districts.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      13 
 	
Chapter 2 
Characteristics of Labs 	
2.1. An overview of the Private Clinical Labs in the State 
2.1.1 It is found that there are a total of 4168 Private Medical Laboratories 
across the State. Thrissur district tops with 12% (503) of the total number of 
labs followed by Malappuram (477) and Ernakulam (464). The least number of 
labs are functioning in Wayanad (61) which is only 1% of the total labs in the 
State. District-wise data are given below. 
Statement-2.1: Number of private medical labs in Kerala 	
Sl No 	District  	No: of L ab	s 	
1 	Kasargod 	71 	
2 Kannur 217 
3 	Wayan ad 	61 	
4 Kozhikode 417 
5 	Malappur am 	477 	
6 Palakkad 278 
7 	Thrissur 	503 	
8 Ernakulam 464 
9 	Idukki 	102 	
10 Kottayam 308 
11 	Alappuz ha 	332 	
12 Pathanamthitta	 	164 	
13 	Kollam 	363 	
14 Thiruvanan thapuram	 	411 	
Total	 	4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      14 
 
2.1.2   The year of starting of the Lab by the present owner was collected and it 
was found that 43%  of the 
Private Medical Laboratories in 
Kerala either started by its 
new owner or  establishe d 
between 2001 and 2010. Also, 
only 3%  of the Private Medical 
Laboratories were established 
or  st arted by t he latest 
owner/management before 
1980.  District wise details are presented in Table-1.	
  
2.1.3   In the case of type of ownership of labs, the survey results shows that 
87%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are operating on rented 
buildings and 12%  of them are in owned buildings. District wise details are 
shown in Table-2. 
Statement-2.2: Type of ownership of Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala 	
Type of Ownership	 	No: of L abs	 	
Owned 	512 	
Rented 3635 
Others 	21 	
Total 4168 	
 2.1.4 In the case of type of building, 86% of the Private Medical Laboratories 
are functioning in pucca structures and 14% of them are in semi-pucca 
structure. Also, only 3%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are 
fully air-conditioned and 11%  partially air-conditioned.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      15 
 
2.1.5  Around 81%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are 
functioning in buildings with area ranges from 101 to 500 sqft and around 4%  
of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are functioning in buildings 
with area less than 100sqft. Only 17 Private Medical Laboratories in the State 
are functioning in buildings with area more than 4000sqft, among which 4 of 
them are in Thiruvananthapuram. See table-3 for more details. 
2.1.6  Regarding computerization of Labs, 24% of them are fully computerized 
and 46%  of them are computerized partially. Among the fully computerized 
labs in the State, 
17%  of them are in 
Ernakulam followed 
by 14%  in Kollam. In 
the case of within 
district data, 40%  of 
the Private Medical 
Laboratories in the 
Kollam district are 
fully computerized 
and 36%  of them are computerized partially. See table-4 for District-wise 
details. 
2.1.7  In the case of publishing of cost of individual test documents to public, 
generally, in almost 61%  of the labs in the State, the cost of individual test 
documents are made available to the public. It is interesting to see that, in 
Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of the State, only 33%  of the Private 
Medical Laboratories are publishing cost of individual test documents to public 
where as in Kannur, 82% of the Labs are publishing cost of individual test 
documents t o public. For  district  wise st ate me nt, see Table-5.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      16 
 
2.2. License, Registration and Maintenance of accounts. 
2.2.1  The survey results show that 88% of the Private Medical Laboratories in 
the State have license from local bodies whereas 12% of the Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State are either functioning without license or not renewed 
their license with local body. However, many of the Private Medical 
Laboratories informed that they have applied for renewal of the license. 
2.2.2  It is widely discussed and allegated that the health department continues 
to have zero control over private clinical laboratories functioning across the 
State. The absence of a regulatory mechanism to govern registration and 
setting up of private medical laboratories was found and highlighted in the 
survey results.  
2.2.3  The survey results show that 35%  of the Private Medical Laboratories are 
functioning in the State without any registration. In the case of Malappuram 
District, 58%  of the 
Private Medical 
Laboratories are not 
registered anywhere.  At 
State le vel, ar ound 8%  of 
them are registered with 
Medical Council and 
57%  of the Private 
Medical Laboratories 
claims that they have 
registration with many other agencies. For district wise statement, see Table-7. 
2.2.4 In any institution, whether financial institution or non-financial 
institution, it's important to keep accounts accurate and up to date for drawing 
up 'true and fair' annual accounts. Financial accounts are a historical record of

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      17 
 
business' performance over a past period - usually one financial year. In the 
case of Private Medical Laboratories in the State, the ratio of “maintenance of 
accounts to non-maintenance of accounts” is highest in Wayanad district 
where the ratio is 97:03 and least in Alappuzha district with ratio 77:23. At the 
State level, the said ratio is 82:18. See table-8 for details. 
2.3. Ownership and Type of Private Medical Laboratories. 
2.3.1 Type of ownership of Labs in the State was studied by considering the 
different types as Proprietorship, Partnership, Charitable Society, Co-operative 
Sector, Trusteeship, Limited Companies and Others. The survey result shows 
that 83% of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State works under 
proprietorship and 12%  under partnership. Detailed district wise details are 
included in the Table-10.	
  	
Statement-2.3: No. of Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala by Ownership of 
Lab 	
Type of Ownership	 	No: of Labs 	
Proprietorship 	3453 	
Partnership 510 
Charitable Societ	y 	21 	
Co-operative Sector	 	35 	
Trusteeship 	5 	
Limited Companies	 	131 	
Others	 	13 	
Tota	l 4168 	
2.3.3 As mentioned in the previous para, there are 3453 owners of Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State. As per the survey, out of these, 1805 of them

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      18 
 
are males and 1648 of them are females. The male to female ratio is highest in 
Malappuram where, the ratio is 68:32 and lowest in Wayanad where it is 
36:64. Detailed district wise details are included in the Table-11.	
  	
 
2.3.4  In addition to the gender aspect of the owner of the lab, the social status 
also covered in the survey. The result shows that, out of 3453 owners, 94 of 
them be long t o SC cate gor y and only 7 belong t o ST category. For district wise 
details, see Table-12. 
2.4. Waste disposal methods used in the Private Medical Laboratories  
2.4.1  All potential waste that arise as part of laboratory operations needs to be 
assessed and an appropriate disposal plan must be selected prior to it actually 
being generated. It is the clear responsibility of lab owners as well as workers 
to ensure the safe and correct type of disposal of all wastes produced in the 
course of their work.  
2.4.2 Major types of waste disposal plans used in the Private Medical 
Laboratories are Local disposal, IMAGE and incineration. Incineration is a

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      19 
 
waste treatment process that involves the combustion of organic substances 
contained in waste materials. Incineration of waste materials converts the 
waste into ash, flue gas, and heat. An incinerator is a furnace for burning 
waste under high temperature.  
2.4.3  As per the results of the survey, 1524 Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State are using the facility provided by IMA viz IMAGE. 72%  of the Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State are still doing Local Disposal as a waste 
treatment plan. Only four Private Medical Laboratories in the State are using 
Incinerator. 
Statement-2.4: No. of Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala by Type of waste 
disposal facility used. 	
Type of Waste Disposal Facility 	No : of La bs 	Percentage 	
IMAG	E 	1182	 	28.36%	 	
Local Disposal  2640	 	63.34%	 	
Incinerator 	2 	0.05%	 	
IMAGE & Local Disposal  342	 	8.21%	 	
IMAGE & Incinerator	 	0 	0.00%	 	
Local Disposal & Incinerato	r 2	 	0.05%	 	
All the Three 	0 	0.00%	 	
Total 4168	 	100.00%	 	
 
2.4.4 As mentioned in the previous para, 72% of the Private Medical 
Laboratories are still practicing local disposal of Bio-Medical waste, which is so 
shocking and will lead to many health hazards.  The local disposal of waste is 
further studied by classifying it into two major categories viz. waste pit burial 
and open burning. Out of the Private Medical Laboratories, which are using 
local disposal, around 36%  of the Private Medical Laboratories are using waste 
pit burial alone and 35% using open burning. District wise details are 
presented in the Table-14.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      20 
 
Statement-2.5: No. of Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala by Type of local 
disposal of waste. 
Type of Local Disposal Facility 	No: of L abs 	Percentage 	
Waste Pit Burial 	1082	 	36.26%	 	
Open Burning  1055	 	35.36%	 	
Waste Pit Burial & Open Burnin	g 	847	 	28.38%	 	
Total 2984	 	100.00%	 	
2.4.5  At State level, 91% of the Private Medical Laboratories are using needle 
destroyer. In the case of districts, Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam and Idukki are 
with a fair number while in Kannur, the ratio is the lowest with 83:17.  District 
wise details are presented in the Table-15. 
2.5. Accreditation and Quality checking 
2.5.1  The survey studied whether the Private Medical Laboratories operating 
in the State have NABL 
accreditation (National 
Accreditation Board f or 
Testing and Calibration 
Laboratories (NABL) is an 
autonomous body under the 
aegis  of  Department of  
Science & Technology, 
Government of  India, and is registered under the Societies Act), ISO certification 
or certified by any other certifying agencies.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      21 
 
2.5.2  As per the survey, 93%  or a total of 3887 Private Medical Laboratories in 
the State have no Accreditation / Certification from any of the agencies. 
Detailed district wise/item wise details are included in the Table-16.	
  	
2.5.3 Another important aspect collected through the survey is the 
Internal/External Quality checking of the working capacity of the laboratory 
equipments and the quality of the laboratory tests. If these are done with the 
help of the arrangements available in the lab itself, it is termed as ‘Internal 
Quality Check’ and if it is done with the help of any outside agency, it is termed 
as ‘External Quality Check’.  
2.5.4  The Survey results show that, at State level, 26%  or 1080 of the Private 
Medical Laboratories 
in the State do not 
perform any 
Internal/External 
Quality checking of 
the working capacity 
of the laboratory 
equipments and the 
quality of the 
laboratory tests. In 
the case of within 
district data, the number of labs which do not perform any Internal/External 
Quality checking is maximum in Thiruvananthapuram (43% ) followed by 
Kottayam (40% ). For  district  wise det ails, see  Table-17.	
  

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      22 
 
2.5.5 It is observed 
that 204 Private 
Medical Laboratories 
in the State offers 
different technical 
courses. The data is 
presented in the 
chart below. For 
district wise details, see Table-18.	
 

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      23 
 	
Chapter 3 
Medical Equipments used in Labs 	
3.1. Medical Equipments used in Labs. 
3.1.1 There are a large number of medical equipments that are used in the 
clinical laboratories. Including all such equipments in the purview of the 
survey is not practical and cumbersome. Hence, a selected number of 
equipments, which are more important and inevitable, are included in the 
schedule for data collection. 
3.1.2 In the case of Hematology analyzers, data collected in respect of 3-part 
analyzer and 5-part analyzer. The survey results show that, out of total Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State, 71% of the Labs do not use Hematology 
analyzers. 887 laboratories use 3-part analyzer, 275 laboratories use 5-part 
analyzer and 53 use both. For district wise data, refer Table-19. 
Statement 3.1: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Hematology 
Analyzer is used 	
District 	 	Total 	
3-Part  Analyzer 	887 	
5-Part Analyze	r 275 	
Both 3 & 5 Part Analyzer	 	53 	
No 2953 
Total 	4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      24 
 
3.1.3  A Gamma Counter is a machine to measure gamma radiation emitted by 
a radionuclide. In medicine, they are used in radio binding assays and in 
radioimmunoassay (RIA). As per the survey, only 3%  of the Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State use Gamma Counters. If we see this at district level, 
Malappuram stood highest with 5%  of the labs using Gamma Counters. For 
district wise data, refer Table-20. 
3.1.4 The primary purpose of a Bio-safety Cabinet is to serve as a means to 
protect the laboratory worker and the surrounding environment from 
pathogens. At State level, 9%  or 389 Private Medical Laboratories use Bio-
safety Cabinet in their labs. In the case of Kannur district, the said figure is 
15%  and in Palakkad and Pathanamthitta, only 5% . District wise data may be 
seen from Table-21. 
3.1.5 Microtome is used in histopathology laboratories for cutting tissue 
specimens in order to 
examine the specimen 
microscopically. In the 
survey, information 
collected about different 
kinds of microtome such 
as manual, semi-
automatic and fully 
automatic. There are 
only 7 Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State 
that uses fully automatic microtome (Kottayam-2, Malappuram-2, 
Thiruvananthapuram-2 and Alappuzha-1). 20%  of the Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State use semi-automatic machines while only 4%  use 
manual. Detailed district wise /item wise details are included in the Table-22.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      25 
 
3.1.6 A biochemistry analyser is a medical laboratory instrument designed to 
measure different chemicals and other characteristics in a number of biological 
samples quickly, with minimal human assistance. Biochemistry Analyzer is 
classified into two types viz. semi-automatic and fully automatic and surveyed. 
AS per the Survey, 64% of the labs use semi-automatic Biochemistry analyzer, 
10%  fully automatic and 4%  both. For district wise data, refer Table-23. 
Statement 3.2: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala where Biochemistry 
Analyzer is used	
 	
 Semi-Au tomat ic 	2679	 	64%	 	
Full	y  Au tomatic 	401	 	10%	 	
Se mi & F ully Automatic  172	 	4%	 	
No 	916	 	22%	 	
Total 4168	 	100%	 	
 
3.1.7  An immunoassay analyzer is used in clinical laboratories to run 
automated biochemical tests to detect the presence and concentration of 
substances in the sample. Only a 5%  or 203 Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State are equipped with the machine ‘immunoassay analyzer’. Please refer table 
25 for details. 
3.1.8  A water bath is a device that maintains water at a constant temperature. 
It is used in the microbiological and biochemistry laboratories for incubations. 
59%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State found to be using water 
bath while 41%  do not. In Thrissur district, out of the total labs, 71%  are using 
the device. Data pertaining to other districts may be seen at Table-26. 
3.1.9 A hot air oven is a piece of electric equipment used to sterilize items at 
high temperature. It is often found in laboratories to sterilize glassware. As per 
survey results, only 32% of the Private Medical Laboratories in the state are

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      26 
 
using the device and in the case of Auto Claves, 17% of the labs use the devise. 
In the case of Incubators, 63%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State 
are using the device. For district wise details, please see Tables 27, 29 and 28 
respectively. 
3.1.10 Another important machine in a laboratory is the Blood Gas Analyser 
and Microbiology Analyzer. The survey results show that only 4%  of the Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State have Blood Gas Analyser. In the case of 
Pathanamthitta district, only 1% of the labs own Blood Gas Analyzer. Data 
pertaining to other districts may be seen at Table-30. In the case of 
Microbiology Analyzer, only 3%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State 
are using it. Please refer table 31 for details. 
3.1.11 ELISA stands for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In short, it is a 
test to detect the presence of antigens of pathogens or for immune response to 
things attacking the body such as virus, bacteria and allergens. The results of 
the survey reveal that only 5%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the state 
are using ELISA reader in their labs. It is also to be emphasized at this point 
that in Idukki, none of the labs are equipped with ELISA Reader. Details 
pertaining to other districts may be seen from Table-32. 
3.1.12 Electrophoresis Apparatus: is an instrument used to separate different 
types of proteins in a solution like serum, by subjecting it to an electric field. 
This enables the detection and quantification of the proportion of the different 
pr ote ins in serum for the diagnosis of var ious dise ase condit ions. As per  t he 
survey results, none of the Private Medical Laboratories in Kasaragod are using 
the devise, whereas one lab is equipped with the machine each in 
Pat hanamt hitt a and Kannur districts. For  district wise det ails please see Table-
33. 
3.1.13 	Elisa plate washer is an instrument used for washing the wells of an 
ELISA plate during the performance of the ELISA test. Only 2% (or 79) of the 
Private Medical Laboratories in the State are having ELISA Plate washer and

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      27 
 
only 1% (or 58) of the Private Medical Laboratories are having Automated 
Tissue Processor. 10%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are 
using Electrolyte Analyzers. For district wise details, please see Tables 34, 36 
and 35 respectively.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      28 
 	
Chapter 4 
Laboratory Facilities 	
4.1  Facilities Available in the Private Medical Laboratories  
4.1.1  A medical laboratory or clinical laboratory is a laboratory where tests are 
done on biological specimens in order to get information about the health of a 
patient. Such laboratories may be having departments such as microbiology, 
hematology, clinical biochemistry, immunology, histology, cytology etc.  
4.1.2 As in the case of equipments, there are a large number of clinical tests 
available in the laboratories. Data collected for Microbiology, Bio-chemistry, 
Histopathology, Cytology, Radioimmunoassay, ECG, EEG, TMT/Echo/Dopler 
and Molecular Diagnosis. 
4.2 Microbiology facilities 
4.2.1 	Microbiology deals with diseases caused by infectious agents such as 
bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Data collected for Microbiology by 
classifying it into three categories viz. Bacteriology (Culture), Serology and TB 
Culture. 
4.2.2 Bacteriology  is 
the study of bacteria. 
This subdivision of 
microbiology involves 
the identification, 
classification, and 
characterization of 
bacterial species 
Bacteriology (culture) 
facility is subdivided

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      29 
 
into 2 categories viz. manual testing and tests using Automated Microbiology 
Analyzer, and data collected based on that. As per the survey results, 13%  of 
the Private Medical Laboratories in the State provides Bacteriology (Culture) 
facility out of which 3%  is using Automated Microbiology Analyzer and 10%  
manual. For distr ict  wise  details ple ase see Table-39.  
4.2.3 Serology is the scientific study or diagnostic examination of blood serum, 
in particular with consideration to the response of the immune system to 
pathogens or foreign substances. Different options of serology tests like Card 
tests, ELISA tests and test using Automated Immunoanalyzer or Automated 
ELISA Processor were considered for the survey. As per the survey results, in 
38%  of the Private Medical Laboratories do not offer serology facility while 53%  
are using card test facility. For district wise details, please see table-40.  
Statement-4.1: No. of Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala by Type of 
Serology Facility used. 
Type of Serology Facility 	No: of L abs 	Percentage	 	
Card Tests  	2212 	53%	 	
ELI SA  Te sts    6 3  2%	 	
Automated Immunoanalyzer or Automated ELISA 
Processor  	
48 	1%	 	
Card & ELISA Tests 	 	127 3%	 	
Card Tests & Automated Immunoanalyzer 	 	45 	1%	 	
ELISA Tests & Automated Immunoanalyzer 	 	7 0%	 	
All the Three  	62 	1%	 	
No   1604  38%	 	
Total 4168 100%

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      30 
 
4.2.4 In almost 94.5%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State, TB 
Culture facility is not available. However, 2.5% of the Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State offers TB Culture facility using Automated 
Microbiology Analyzer. District wise data is presented in Table-41.  
4.3 Bio-chemistry facilities 
4.3.1 Clinical biochemistry is that branch of laboratory medicine in which 
chemical and biochemical methods are applied to the study of disease. 
Biochemistry laboratory tests are done for the estimation of different 
biochemical parameters like glucose, urea, cholesterol etc., in blood and other 
body fluids.  
4.3.2 For ease of data collection, bio-chemistry is classified into three levels 
viz. Level-1 (Glucose, Urea, Creatinine, Bilirubin etc.), Level-2 (Lipid Profile, 
Enzymes etc.) and Level-3 (electrophoresis, hormones, blood gas etc.).  
4.3.3 As  per  the 
survey, Level-1 of 
bio-chemistry 
facility is available 
in 95%  of the 
Private Medical 
Laboratories in the 
State and Level-2 of 
bio-chemistry 
facility is available 
in 69%  of the 
Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State where as Level-3 of bio-chemistry facility is available 
only in 8%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State. For  district  wise 
details, please see Tables 42, 43 and 44 respectively.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      31 
 
 
4.4 Other test facilities 
4.4.1  Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a very sensitive in vitro assay technique used 
to measure concentrations of antigens (for example, hormone levels in the 
blood) by use of antibodies labeled with radio isotopes. The technique of 
radioimmunoassay has revolutionized research and clinical practice in many 
areas, like blood banking, diagnosis of allergies, endocrinology etc. The survey 
results show that the facility is available only in 1% or 45 Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State. In the case of districts, from Wayanad, Idukki, 
Alappuzha and Pathanamthitta, no laboratories were reported and the 
maximum number of laboratories reported from Thiruvananthapuram. For 
district wise details, please see table-45.   
4.4.2 Histopathology is the examination of tissues from the body under a 
microscope to spot the signs and characteristics of disease. The main use of 
histopathology is in clinical medicine where it typically involves the 
examination of a biopsy (i.e. a surgically removed sample or specimen taken 
from a patient for the purposes of detailed study) by a specialist physician 
called a pathologist. At State level, only in 2%  of the Private Medical 
Laboratories are having the Histopathology (Biopsy) facility. Maximum number 
of labs offering the facility is in Thiruvananthapuram and Thrissur. For district 
wise details, please see table-46.  
4.4.3  As per the survey results, only in 2%  of the Private Medical Laboratories 
in the State offer Tread mill test (TMT), Echocardiography and Doppler test 
facilities. Maximum number of labs offering the facility is in 
Thiruvananthapuram and Ernakulum. For district wise details, please see 
table-47.  
4.4.4 An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple, painless test that records the 
heart's electrical activity and an electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test used to

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      32 
 
detect abnormalities related to electrical activity of the brain. As per the survey 
results, 40%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State offers ECG facility 
and 1%  of the Private Medical Laboratories offers EEG facility. In Kasaragod, 
only in 8%  of the labs have the ECG facility. In the case of EEG facility, none of 
the Private Medical Laboratories in Kasaragod, Wayanad and Idukki districts 
have EEG facility. For district wise details, please see tables 48 & 49. 
4.4.5  Cytology is the medical and scientific study of cells. Cytology is a branch 
of pathology that  st udies and diagnose s dise ases on t he cellular level. It  is 
usually used to aid in the diagnosis of cancer, but also helps in the diagnosis of 
certain infectious diseases and other inflammatory conditions. 3%  or 122 
Private Medical Laboratories in the State are offering cytology facility. In the 
case of districts, cytology facility is available in none of the Private Medical 
Laboratories in Idukki. Table-50 gives district wise details. 
4.4.6  Molecular diagnostics is a technique used to analyse biological markers 
in the genome and proteome—the individual's genetic code and how their cells 
express their genes as proteins—by applying molecular biology to medical 
testing. Only 7 Private Medical Laboratories in the State have Molecular 
diagnostic facility available of which two each at Malappuram and Ernakulam 
and one each at Kozhikod, Kottayam and Thiruvananthapuram. For district 
wise details, please see table-51.  
4.4.7 It has become a common practice to outsource many of the laboratory 
tests in the State. There are many benefits while outsourcing laboratory tests. 
Laboratory outsourcing saves total cost, investment and manpower. In-house 
laboratory functions are characterized by relatively high fixed costs, high 
capital investment and associated benefits and salaries, with assets and 
manpower are usually under-utilized.  
4.4.8 23%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State do not outsource 
any tests while 59%  outsource within State, 10% outside State and 8%  within

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      33 
 
& outside State. In the case of Kasaragod district, 23%  of the laboratory tests 
are outsourced to outside State and 21% within & outside State.  Table -52 
gives the district wise data. 
Statement-4.2: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Which Outsources any of 
the Testing Facilities	
 	
Type of outsourcing 	No: of Labs	 	Percentage 	
Within State  	2458	 	59% 	
Outside State   397	 	10% 	
Within & Outside State  	335	 	8%  	
No   978	 	23% 	
Total 4168	 	100% 	
 
4.5 Radiology facilities 
4.5.1 Radiology is a medical specialty that employs the use of imaging 
techniques such as X-ray radiography, ultrasound, computed 
tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) etc., to both diagnose and 
treat disease visualised within the human body. Generally, radiology services 
will not be available in all the medical laboratories and usually it will function 
separately in a separate building under the banner X-Ray/Scanning centers. 
However, in the purview of survey on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala, 
such X-Ray/Scanning centers are not included. 
4.5.2 An ultrasound scan is a painless test that uses sound waves to create 
images of organs and structures inside your body and is a very commonly used 
test. Only in 188 or 5%  of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State have 
ultrasound scanning facility available along with other medical tests. District 
wise data is presented in the Table-53.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      34 
 
4.5.3 In the case of X-Ray/Digital X-Ray, at State level, 8%  of the Private 
Medical Laboratories provides the facility. In the case of CT scan, the said 
number is 55 or 1%  and in the case of MRI scan, the number is 26 or less than 
1%  at the  St ate level. For  district  wise details, please  see table s 54, 55 & 56. 
4.5.4 A thermo luminescent dosimeter, or TLD, is a type of radiation 
dosimeter. It is used to measure external individual doses from X, beta and 
gamma radiations. The TLD badges to be used only by persons directly working 
with radiation sources such as X-ray units, radioisotopes etc. As per the 
previous para, 8%  or 351 of the Private Medical Laboratories have X-
Ray/Digital X-Ray facility. Out of those Laboratories having X-Ray/Digital X-
Ray facility, only 35% or 123 laboratories are using TLD Badge in their 
laboratory. In the case of Pathanamthitta, 10 out of 16 Private Medical 
Laboratories are using TLD badge where as in Malappuram, only 6 out of 44 
Private Medical Laboratories have TLD badge. In general, a total of 135 Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State are using TLD badge. For district wise details, 
please see table 57.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      35 
 
4.6 Other Facilities 
4.6.1 Apart from laboratory and radiology facilities, some of the laboratories 
are providing many other facilities like Speech Therapy, Physiotherapy, 
Audiology, Home Service, Consulting Clinic, Infertility Clinic, Mobile 
Laboratories, Mobile Mortuary, Blood Bank, Medical shop, Optometry, 
Ambulance etc. 
4.6.2  Among the Private Medical Laboratories in the State, only 7 labs provides 
speech therapy and 6 labs provide Audiology, out of which, in both the cases,  
2 are in Malappuram District. (Audiology is a branch of science that studies 
hearing, balance, and related disorders.). Please see Tables 58 & 60. 
4.6.3  Physiotherapy facility is available in 18 Private Medical Laboratories and 
14 labs provide mobile laboratory facilities. 6 Private Medical Laboratories 
provides mobile mortuary facility and 2 labs in Palakkad provide blood bank 
facility. 
4.6.4  Medical shops are operating along with 161 Private Medical Laboratories 
and 54 labs provide ambulance facility. Optometry facility is available in 11 
Private Medical Laboratories in the State. 
4.6.5  Some of the Private Medical Laboratories in the State offers home visit for 
blood sample collection and test results. A total of 1027 Private Medical 
Laboratories in the State offers home visit for blood sample collection. While in 
Alappuzha district 39%  of the labs offer the facility, the said percentage is only 
14%  in Malappuram and 17% in Kasaragod. Please see table-61 for district 
wise data.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      36 
 	
Chapter 5 
Financial Aspects 	
5.1 Financial aspects. 
5.1.1  Financial accounts are a historical record of business' performance over 
a past period - usually one financial year. In any institution, whether financial 
institution or non-financial institution, it's important to keep accounts 
accurate and up to date for drawing up 'true and fair' annual accounts. The 
income as well as expenditure incurred in a lab mainly depends upon the 
number of persons utilizing different facilities available in the lab. Also, an 
accurate figure can be ascertained only if account is properly maintained in the 
institution. As discussed earlier, in the Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State, the ratio of “maintenance of accounts to non-maintenance of accounts” 
is 82:18. It is to be borne in mind that, getting information on income and 
expenditure from any institution is a cumber some job. However, best efforts 
are made to get the data almost accurately. 
5.2  Persons Utilizing Different Facilities Available in the Laboratories  
5.2.1 As mentioned in the previous para, the income as well as expenditure 
incurred in a lab mainly depends upon the number of persons utilizing 
different facilities available in the lab. The survey results reveal that, during the 
year 2013, a total of 2,90,90,623 persons utilized the different facilities offered 
in the Private Medical Laboratories in the State. Out of this, the maximum 
number of people utilized the facilities are from Malappuram (49,61,959) 
followed by Thrissur (37,13,794). 
5.2.2 A total of 2,41,29,992 persons utilized the laboratory facilities and 
12,12,815 persons utilized radiology facilities that are available in the Private

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      37 
 
Medical Laboratories in the State during the year 2013. It is also to be 
highlighted that in Malappuram district, around 9,42,151 persons utilized the 
medical shop facility that was available along with the Private Medical 
Laboratories in the district during the year 2013. District wise details of 
persons utilizing the different facilities during the month of November 2013 
and during the year 2013 are presented in the table 70.  
5.3  Assets and liabilities  
5.3.1 Fixed asset of an institution is an asset that is not consumed or sold 
during the normal course of business, such as land, buildings, equipment, 
machinery, vehicles, Furniture & fixtures, and other such items. The term fixed 
does not necessarily mean immovable; any asset expected to last, or be in use 
for, more than one year is considered a fixed asset. Fixed assets enable their 
owner to carry on its operations.  
5.3.2  The value (as on the date of survey) of fixed assets like land, buildings, 
equipments, vehicles, Furniture & fixtures and other items were ascertained. 
As per the survey results, the ascertained value of fixed assets of Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State amounts to around 440 crore rupees. 55%  of

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      38 
 
this amount is the share of equipments and 24%  is that of land. In the case of 
districts, Thrissur tops with 58.4 crores followed by Thiruvananthapuram with 
55.2 crores. For district wise details, please see table-71.  
Statement-5.1: Value of fixed assets of Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala  
Item  	Value	 	Percentage 	
Land  	103,88,90,986	 	23.59%	 	
Building   47,42,21,395	 	10.77%	 	
Equipme nts  	242,66,39,938	 	55.09%	 	
Vehicles   6,80,51,167	 	1.55%	 	
Furniture & Fixtures  	34,56,48,977	 	7.85%	 	
Others   5,10,27,745	 	1.16%	 	
Total 	440,44,80,208	 	100.00%	 	
5.3.3 As we all know, in finance, a loan is a debt provided by one entity 
(organization or individual) to another entity at an interest rate. In the survey 
on Private Medical Laboratories in the State, an effort was made to collect the 
Loan and Other Liabilities of Private Medical Labs in Kerala. As per the results, 
the total loan taken amount to Rs. 80,69,02,971/- out of which an amount of 
Rs. 19,42,29,975/- was repaid. An amount of Rs.59,73,51,349/- stood as loan 
outstanding . In addition to the loan amount, an amount of Rs. 39,56,83,735/- 
reported as other liabilities.  
5.3.4 Out of the total loan amount, 19%  was taken by the Private Medical 
Laboratories of Kottayam district followed by Kozhikode with 13% . In the case 
of loan repayment, the Private Medical Laboratories in Palakkad repaid almost 
42%  of the loan taken. For district wise details, please see table-73.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      39 
 
5.4 Expenditure and Income details 
5.4.1 In general, Income is the consumption and savings opportunity gained 
by an entity within a specified timeframe, which is generally expressed in 
monetary terms and expenditure, is the payment of cash or cash-equivalent for 
goods or services, or a charge against available funds in settlement of an 
obligation. 
5.4.2 In the Survey on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala -2013, income 
and expenditure for the last month and for the financial year 2012-13 were 
collected. The items covered under expenditure are Salaries/Wages /Charges 
for Professionals/Consultants, Electricity Charges, Water charges, Medical 
Equipments –Repair and Maintenance, Reagents and Chemicals, 
Telephone/Internet Charges, Building Rent / Maintenance, Tax, 
Transportation Expenses (Including expenses on fuel), Waste disposal and 
other expenses.  
5.4.3 As per the survey results, the total income generated by the Private 
Medical Laboratories in the State during the financial year 2012-13 is Rs.379.5 
Crores and the total expenditure reported by the firms is Rs.240.3 Crores. In 
the case of Kottayam District, total expenditure for 2012-13 is 52%  of the total 
income generated (i.e. percentage of expenditure over income) and in case of 
Alappuzha the said figure is 57% . The said figure for Kasaragod and 
Malappuram is 77% and 71%  respectively where as the State level figure is 
63% . It can be seen that all the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are 
working profitably. 
5.4.4  Out of the total income generated by the Private Medical Laboratories in 
the State, 16.49%  is the share from Thiruvananthapuram followed by 
Ernakulam with 16.36% . The share of Wayanad is 0.81%  and that of 
Kasaragod is 1.09%. Though, the highest number of Private Medical

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      40 
 
Laboratories in the State is in Thrissur (503), the share of income contributed 
by Thrissur is only 12.08%. For district wise details, please see table-72.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      41 
 	
Chapter 6 
Work Force 	
6.1  Details of staff and their qualifications (in concerned profession) 
6.1.1 The staffs working in the Private Medical Laboratories in the State are 
classified into technical and non-technical. Office Staff, Helpers/Drivers/Last 
grade attenders, Security etc. are classified as Non-technical staffs. Out of the 
total 3328 non-technical staffs, 1258 are males and 2070 are females. (In other 
words, the ratio of male to female is 38:62).  
6.1.2  Out of total 1938 office staff, 1261 are females, and out of 118 security 
officials, only 8 of them are females. In most of the labs, security officials are 
hired from various institutions. Out of total 1258 male non-technical staff, 54%  
of them are office staff and 21% are Helpers/Drivers/Last grade attenders. In 
the case of females, out of 2070 non-technical staff, 61%  of them are office staff 
and 26%  are Helpers and Last grade attenders. Male to female ratio of non-
technical staff is found least in Kannur with 24:76 and highest in Idukki with 
53:47. For district wise details, please see table-74.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      42 
   
6.1.3  Laboratory technicians, X-Ray Technician, Scanning Technician, Nurses, 
Biochemist, Microbiologist, Pathologist, Radiologist, Physiotherapist, Doctors, 
Other Technical Staff and Teaching Staff are categorized as technical staff. 
6.1.4  One of the major issues found during the survey was that lab technicians 
without proper qualifications are working in some labs.  Also there is a 
misconception that, in the absence of enough qualified people in the industry, 
a qualified supervisor is enough to guide the other staff in a laboratory, who 
are efficient, but not qualified. This is a serious issue as doctors depend on the 
diagnosis from the labs.  
6.1.5  The survey results show that, there are 11,093 technical staffs working 
in the Private Medical Laboratories in the State, out of which 8,985 are 
females. 374 or 3.4%  of them have no technical educational qualification, but 
only experience. 6,861 persons or 62% of the technical staff are diploma 
holders.  
Statement-6.1: No. of Technical Staff working in Private Medical Labs in Kerala 
by educational qualification  
Educational Qualification 	
No of technical staff 	
Male 	Female 	Total 	
VHSC/Certificate Courses  184	 	1690 1874	 	
Diploma 	928	 	5933 	6861	 	
Degree 434	 	736 1170	 	
Post Graduates 	445	 	369 	814	 	
Experience Only  117	 	257 374	 	
Total 	2108	 	8985 	11093

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      43 
   
6.1.6  81%  (or 9037 persons) working in the Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State are laboratory technicians out of which 7891 are females and 6%  (or 617 
persons) are X-Ray technicians out of which 388 are females. Other details are 
presented in the statement below. 
Statement-6.2: No. of Technical Staff working in Private Medical Laboratories in 
Kerala by category. 
Category 	Ma le  	Female 	Total 	
Laboratory Te chnicians 	1146	 	7891 	9037	 	
X-Ray Technicians  229	 	388 617	 	
Scanning Technicians 	84	 	68 	152	 	
Nurses 9	 	126 135	 	
Biochemist 	63	 	88 	151	 	
Microbiologist 29	 	96 125	 	
Pathologist 	32	 	39 	71	 	
Radiologist 93	 	47 140	 	
Physiotherapist 	14	 	6 	20	 	
Doctors (Full time)  69	 	28 97	 	
Doctors (Par t time)  	254	 	63 	317	 	
Other Technical Staffs   70	 	108 178	 	
Teaching Staffs  	16	 	37 	53	 	
Total 2108	 	8985 11093	 	
 
6.1.7 In the case of laboratory technicians working in the Private Medical 
Laboratories, the maximum number are in Ernakulum (1151) followed by 
Thrissur(1132). Also the result shows that, 68.30%  or 6,172 of the laboratory

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      44 
 
technicians are diploma holders while, 3.16%  of them are reported to be having 
only experience. Post graduates contribute only 1.52%  while Degree holders are 
7.58% . In the case of Ernakulum district, where number of lab technicians are 
maximum, male to female Ratio of lab technicians is 6:94 where as in the case 
of Kasaragod district, the said ratio is 35:65. From the State average ratio of 
13:87, we can conclude that females dominate the field. Please see table-75 for 
district wise dat a. 
Statement-6.3: No. of laboratory technicians working in Private Medical 
Laboratories in Kerala by Qualification. 
Qualification 	Lab Technicians 	
Male	 	Fe male	 	Total 	
VHSC/Certificate Courses 141	 	1616 1757	 	
8.03%	 	91.97% 	100.00%	 	
Diploma 689	 	5483 6172	 	
11.16%	 	88.84% 	100.00%	 	
Degree 186	 	499 685	 	
27.15%	 	72.85% 	100.00%	 	
Post Graduates 48	 	89 137	 	
35.04%	 	64.96% 	100.00%	 	
Exp er ience Only 82	 	204 286	 	
28.67%	 	71.33% 	100.00%	 	
Total 1146	 	7891 9037	 	
12.68%	 	87.32% 	100.00%	 	
 
6.1.8  As mentioned earlier, many of the Private Medical Laboratories in State 
have X-Ray and Scanning facilities. At State level, there are 617 X-Ray 
technicians and 152 scanning technicians are available.70%  of the X-Ray 
technicians and 49%  of the scanning technicians are diploma holders. 7%  of 
the X-Ray technicians and 3%  of the scanning technicians have only

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      45 
 
experience and do not have any technical qualifications. For district wise 
details. See Tables 76 & 77. 
 
Statement-6.4: No. of X-Ray & Scanning technicians working in Private Medical 
Laboratories in Kerala by Qualification. 
Qualification 	
X-Ray Technicians	 	Scanning Technicians	 	
Male 	Fe male	 	Total	 	Male	 	Female 	Total	 	
VHSC/Certificate 
Courses 33 38	 	71	 	4 	9 13	 	
46.48% 	53.52%	 	100.00%	 	30.77%	 	69.23% 	100.00%	 	
Diploma 158 276	
 	434	 	46	 	28 74	 	
36.41% 	63.59%	 	100.00%	 	62.16%	 	37.84% 	100.00%	 	
Degree 21 38	
 	59	 	23	 	20 43	 	
35.59% 	64.41%	 	100.00%	 	53.49%	 	46.51% 	100.00%	 	
Post Graduates 3 7	
 	10	 	11	 	6 17	 	
30.00% 	70.00%	 	100.00%	 	64.71%	 	35.29% 	100.00%	 	
Experience Only 14 29	
 	43	 	0 	5 5	 	
32.56% 	67.44%	 	100.00%	 	0.00%	 	100.00% 	100.00%	 	
Total 229 388	
 	617	 	84	 	68 152	 	
37.12% 	62.88%	 	100.00%	 	55.26%	 	44.74% 	100.00%	 	
 
6.1.9 It’s a general view that, nurses do not have much role in the Private 
Medical Laboratories. As per the survey results, there are 135 nurses working 
in the Private Medical Laboratories in the State out of which, 9 are male. 
Details are presented in table-78. 
6.1.10 In the case of total number of Bio-Chemists, it is 151, out of which, 58%  
or 88 are females.70% or 105 Bio-Chemists working in the Private Medical

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      46 
 
Laboratories are Post Graduates and rest graduates. In the case of number of 
Microbiologists, it is 125, out of which, 77%  or 96 of them are females.71%  or 
89 of them are post graduates and rest graduates. Please see table-79 & 80 for 
district wise det ails. 
Statement-6.5: No. of Biochemists & Microbiologists working in Private Medical 
Laboratories in Kerala by Qualification. 
Qualification 	
Biochemist	 	Microbiologist 	
Male 	Fe male	 	Total	 	Male	 	Female 	Total 	
Degree 16 30	
 	46	 	8 	28 36	 	
34.78% 	65.22%	 	100.00%	 	22.22%	 	77.78% 	100.00%	 	
Post Graduates 47 58	
 	105	 	21	 	68 89	 	
44.76% 	55.24%	 	100.00%	 	23.60%	 	76.40% 	100.00%	 	
Total 63 88	
 	151	 	29	 	96 125	 	
41.72% 	58.28%	 	100.00%	 	23.20%	 	76.80% 	100.00%	 	
6.1.11 There are 71 pathologists working in the Private Medical Laboratories in 
the State, out of which 39 are females. No pathologists are available in Idukki 
and Alappuzha districts. In the case of Radiologists, the number is 140, out of 
which 47 are females. 
6.1.12 As we all know, Physiotherapists help people affected by injury, illness 
or disability through movement and exercise. Also, we have seen that there is 
only 18 Private Medical Laboratories in the State offering physiotherapy in their 
firm. The survey results shows that there are 20 physiotherapists (regular or 
part-time) working in these labs, out of which only 6 of them are females. 
Please see table-83 for district wise details. 
6.1.13 As we have seen earlier, some of the Private Medical Laboratories in the 
State are having consultation facility. The details of availability of doctors are

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      47 
 
given in the following statement. Please see table-84 & 85 for district wise 
details. 
Statement-6.6: No. of doctors (Full-time & Part-time) working in Private Medical 
Laboratories in Kerala by Qualification. 	
Qualification 	Doctors (Full time) 	 	Doctors Part time) 	 	
Male 	Female	 	Total	 	Male	 	Fe male 	Total	 	
Degree 27 6	 	33	 	88	 	28 116	 	
81.82% 	18.18%	 	100.00%	 	75.86%	 	24.14% 	100.00%	 	
Post Graduates  42  22	 	64	 	166	 	35 201	 	
65.63% 	34.38%	 	100.00%	 	82.59%	 	17.41% 	100.00%	 	
Total 69 28	 	97	 	254	 	63 317	 	
71.13% 	28.87%	 	100.00%	 	80.13%	 	19.87% 	100.00%	 	
6.1.14 As said earlier, under the category of technical staff, we included a 
limited number of categories. The others are grouped into other technical staff 
and surveyed. As per the result, there is 178 other technical staff working in 
the Private Medical Laboratories in the State, out of which 108 of them are 
female s. Please see  t able-86 for  district  wise det ails. 
6.1.15 Earlier in chapter 2, we have seen that 204 Private Medical Laboratories 
in the State offers different technical courses. As per the result of the survey, 
there is only 53 teaching staff working in the Private Medical Laboratories of 
the State. Prima facie this looks senseless, but true. Because many of the 
Private Medical Laboratories have no separate teaching staff post, and these 
are managed by the regular technical staff. Please see table-87 for district wise 
details.

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      48 
 	
Appendix 	
 
 
 
 	
 
DETAILED 
 TABLES

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      49 
   	
Table 
No. Title Page 
Number 	
1   No of private medical labs in Kerala by year of starting 	56 	
2  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of 
Ownership 	57 	
3  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Area of the Lab 
(In Sqft.) 	58 	
4  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Computerization 
of the Lab 	59 	
5  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Cost of 
Individual Test Document Available to Public 	60 	
6  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by License from 
Local body 	61 	
7  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of 
Registration 	62 	
8  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Maintenance of 
Account 	63 	
9  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Having Branches 
Inside/Outside Kerala 	64 	
10  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Ownership of 
Lab 	65 	
11  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Gender of 
Proprietor 	66 	
12  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Social Status of 
Proprietor 	67 	
13  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of Waste 
Disposal Facility Used 	68

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      50 
 	
14  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of waste 
disposal-Local Disposal Facility Used 	69 	
15  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Needle 
Destroyer is Used 	70 	
16  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Accreditation / 
certification 	71 	
17  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by 
Internal/External Quality Checking 	72 	
18  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Courses Offered 
in the Labs 	73 	
19  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Hematology 
Analyzer is Used 	74 	
20  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Where Gamma 
Counter is Used 	75 	
21  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-Safety 
Cabinet is Used 	76 	
22  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microtome is 
Used 	77 	
23  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Biochemistry 
Analyzer is Used 	78 	
24  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Centrifuge is 
Used 	79 	
25  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where 
Immunoassay Analyzer is Used 	80 	
26  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Water Bath 
is Used 	81 	
27  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Hot Air Oven 
is Used 	82

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      51 
 	
28  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Incubator is 
Used 	83 	
29  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Autoclave is 
Used 	84 	
30  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Blood Gas 
Analyzer is Used 	85 	
31  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology 
Analyzer is Used 	86 	
32  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where ELISA 
Reader is Used 	87 	
33  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Where 
Electrophoresis Apparatus is Used 	88 	
34  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where ELISA Plate 
Washer is Used 	89 	
35  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Electrolyte 
Analyzer is Used 	90 	
36  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Automated 
Tissue Processor is Used 	91 	
37  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Refrigerator 
is Used 	92 	
38  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Clinical 
Pathology Facility available 	93 	
39  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology 
- Bacteriology (Culture) Facility Available 	94 	
40  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology 
- Serology Facility Available 	95 	
41  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology 
- TB Culture Facility Available 	96

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      52 
 	
42  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-
Chemistry - Level-1 (Glucose, Urea, Creatinine, Bilirubin 
etc.) Facility Available 	
97 	
43  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-
Chemistry- Level-2 (Lipid Profile, Enzymes etc.) Facility 
Available 	
98 	
44  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-
Chemistry- Level-3 	(Electrophoresis, Hormones, Blood gas 
etc.) Facility Available 	
99 	
45  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where 
Radioimmunoassay Facility Available 	100 	
46  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where 
Histopathology (Biopsy) Facility Available 	101 	
47  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where TMT/ 
ECHO/Doppler Facility Available 	102 	
48  No. of Private Medical Labs	 in Kerala Where ECG Facility 
Available 	
103 	
49  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where EEG Facility 
Available 	104 	
50  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Cytology 
Facility Available 	105 	
51  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Molecular 
Diagnosis Facility Available 	106 	
52  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Which Outsources 
any of the Testing Facilities 	107 	
53  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Ultra 
Sonogram Scanning Facility Available 	108 	
54  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where 	X-Ray/ 
Digital X-Ray Facility Available 	
109

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      53 
 	
55  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where CT Scanning 
Facility Available 	110 	
56  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where MRI 
Scanning Facility Available 	111 	
57  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where TLD 	(Thermo 
Luminescent Dosimeter) Badge is Used 	
112 	
58  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Speech 
Therapy Facility Available 	113 	
59  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where 
Physiotherapy Facility Available 	114 	
60  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Audiology 
Facility Available 	115 	
61  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Home Service	 	
Facility Available 	116 	
62  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Consulting 
Clinic Available 	117 	
63  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Infertility 
Clinic Available 	118 	
64  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Mobile 
Laboratories Available 	119 	
65  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Mobile 
Mortuary Facility Available 	120 	
66  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Blood Bank 
Facility Available 	121 	
67  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Medical Shop	 	
Available 	122 	
68  No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Optometry 
Facility Available 	123

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      54 
 	
69  No. of Private Medical L	abs in Kerala Where Ambulance 
Facility Available 	
124 	
70  No. of Persons Utilizing Different Facilities Available in 
Private Medical Labs in Kerala. (In Numbers) 125-127	 	
71  Value of Fixed Assets of Private Medical Labs in Kerala 
(In Rupees) 128 
72  Expenditure And Income Details of Private Medical Labs 
in Kerala. (In Rupees) 129-135	 	
73  Details of Loan and Other Liabilities of Private Medical 
Labs in Kerala (In Rupees) 	136 	
74  Details of Number of Non-Technical Staffs in the Private 
Medical Labs in Kerala(In Numbers) 	137 	
75 No. of Laboratory Technicians Working in the Private 
Medical Labs in Kerala according to their Qualifications 	138 	
76 No. of 	X-Ray Technicians Working in the Private Medical 
Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
139 	
77 No. o	f Scanning Technicians Working in the Private 
Medical Labs in Kerala according to their Qualifications 	
140 	
78 No. of Nurses Working in the Private Medical Labs in 
Kerala based on their Qualifications 	141 	
79 No. of Biochemist Working in the Private Medical	 Labs in 
Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
142 	
80 No. of Microbiologist Working in the Private Medical Labs 
in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	143 	
81 No. of Pathologist Working in the Private Medical Labs in 
Kerala based on their Qualifications 	144 	
82 No. of Radiologist Working in the Private Medical Labs in 
Kerala based on their Qualifications 	145

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      55 
 	
83 No. of Physiotherapist Working in the Private Medical 
Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	146 	
84 No. of Doctors 	(Full time	) Working in the Private Medical 
Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
147 	
85 No. of Doctors 	(Part time	) Working in the Private Medical 
Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
148 	
86 No. of Other Technical Staffs Working in the Private 
Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	149 	
87 No. of Teaching Staffs Working in the Private Medical Labs	 	
in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	150 	
 

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      56 
  Table 1: No of private medical labs in Kerala by year of starting 
Sl No.  District  Before 
1980 1980-
1990 1991-
2000 2001-
2010 After 
2010 Total 
1 Kasargod  1  2  11 36 21 71 
2 Kannur  11 28 48 81 49 217 
3 Wayanad  3  6  12 26 14 61 
4 Kozhikode  9  43  67 188 110 417 
5 Malappuram  7  33  60 197 180 477 
6 Palakkad  5  22  60 112 79 278 
7 Thrissur  13 56 52 236 146 503 
8 Ernakulam  11 29 48 180 196 464 
9 Idukki  1  6  7  42  46 102 
10 Kottayam  13 19 28 151 97 308 
11 Alappuzha  17 26 44 135 110 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  2  5  19  76  62  164 
13 Kollam  8  20  47  159  129  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram 6  32  75  188  110  411 
 Total 107 327 578 1807 1349 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      57 
  Table 2: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of Ownership 
Sl No.  District   Owned  Rented  Others  Total 
1 Wayanad  2 59 0 61 
2 Kasargod  3 68 0 71 
3 Idukki  11 90  1 102 
4 Pathanamthitta  15  149  0  164 
5 Kannur  16  200  1  217 
6 Palakkad  60  217  1  278 
7 Kottayam  38  268  2  308 
8 Alappuzha  50  281  1  332 
9 Kollam  60  303  0  363 
10 Thiruvananthapuram  51  358  2  411 
11 Kozhikode  21  391  5  417 
12 Ernakulam  79  384  1  464 
13 Malappuram  27  448  2  477 
14 Thrissur  79  419  5  503 
 Total 512 3635 21 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      58 	  Table 3: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Area of the Lab (In Sqft.) 
 
Sl 
No. District  Less than 
100 101-500 501-1000 1001-
2000 2001-
4000 More than 
4000 Total 	1 Kasargod  0 64 5  2  0  0 71 	2 Kannur  7 157 37 10  4  2 217 	3 Wayanad  6 52 1  1  0  1 61 	4 Kozhikode  8 374 23 7 3 2 417 	5 Malappuram  34  403  22  14  2  2  477 	6 Palakkad  25 228 18 5 2 0 278 	7 Thrissur  10  407  61  19  4  2  503 	8 Ernakulam  10  362  62  24  5  1  464 	9 Idukki  3 92 7  0  0  0 102 	10 Kottayam  14  238  38  13  3  2  308 	11 Alappuzha  7 297 16 10  2  0 332 	12 Pathanamthitta  5 121 27 7 3 1 164 	13 Kollam  8 295 35 20  5  0 363 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  28  304  43  25  7  4  411 	 Total  165 3394 395 157  40  17 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      59 
  Table 4: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Computerization of the Lab 
Sl 
No. District  Fully 
Computerised	
 	
Partially 
Computerised	
 	
Not 
Computerised Total 	
1 Kasargod  22  37  12  71 
2 Kannur  70  85  62  217 
3 Wayanad  18  27  16  61 
4 Kozhikode  77  229  111  417 
5 Malappuram  101 215 161 477 
6 Palakkad  56  97  125  278 
7 Thrissur  58  265  180  503 
8 Ernakulam  169 193 102 464 
9 Idukki  18  57  27  102 
10 Kottayam  70  177  61  308 
11 Alappuzha  86  166  80  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  48  73  43  164 
13 Kollam  145  131  87  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  74  146  191  411 
 Total 1012 1898 1258 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      60 
  Table 5: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Cost of Individual Test Document 
Available to Public 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  39  32  71 
2 Kannur  178 39 217 
3 Wayanad  56  5  61 
4 Kozhikode  341 76 417 
5 Malappuram  378 99 477 
6 Palakkad  93  185  278 
7 Thrissur  313 190 503 
8 Ernakulam  313 151 464 
9 Idukki  60  42  102 
10 Kottayam  126 182 308 
11 Alappuzha  261 71 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  69  95  164 
13 Kollam  172 191 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  136 275 411 
 Total  2535 1633 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      61 
  Table 6: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by License from Local body 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  61 10 71 
2 Kannur  208  9  217 
3 Wayanad  54  7  61 
4 Kozhikode  408  9  417 
5 Malappuram  368 109 477 
6 Palakkad  219 59 278 
7 Thrissur  470 33 503 
8 Ernakulam  406 58 464 
9 Idukki  83  19  102 
10 Kottayam  245 63 308 
11 Alappuzha  284 48 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  151 13 164 
13 Kollam  337 26 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  371 40 411 
 Total  3665 503 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      62 
  Table 7: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of Registration 
Sl No.  District  Not 
Registered	
 	
Medical 
Council Others Total 	
1 Kasargod  27  14  30  71 
2 Kannur  95  10  112 217 
3 Wayanad  8  4  49  61 
4 Kozhikode  150  23  244 417 
5 Malappuram  275  4  198 477 
6 Palakkad  109  17  152 278 
7 Thrissur  108  47  348 503 
8 Ernakulam  142  71  251 464 
9 Idukki  32  4  66  102 
10 Kottayam  51  20  237  308 
11 Alappuzha  128  29  175  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  60  18  86  164 
13 Kollam  150  31  182  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  101  47  263  411 
 Total 1436 339 2393 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      63 
  Table 8: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Maintenance of Account 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  59 12 71 
2 Kannur  174 43 217 
3 Wayanad  59  2  61 
4 Kozhikode  374 43 417 
5 Malappuram  386 91 477 
6 Palakkad  226 52 278 
7 Thrissu r  408 95 503 
8 Ernakulam  405 59 464 
9 Idukki  82  20  102 
10 Kottayam  242 66 308 
11 Alappuzha  255 77 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  129 35 164 
13 Kollam  308 55 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  322 89 411 
 Total  3429 739 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      64 
  Table 9: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Having Branches Inside/Outside Kerala 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  6 0 6 
2 Kannur  16  0  16 
3 Wayanad  7 0 7 
4 Kozhikode  33  9  34 
5 Malappuram  26  1  26 
6 Palakkad  24  2  24 
7 Thrissu r  83  1  83 
8 Ernakulam  64  3  64 
9 Idukki  9 0 9 
10 Kottayam  53  0  53 
11 Alappuzha  45  2  45 
12 Pathanamthitta  24  0  24 
13 Kollam  35  0  35 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  51  3  53 
 Total 476 21 479

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      65 	  Table 10: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Ownership of Lab 
Sl 
No. District  	
Proprietorship
 
Pa rtnership
 
Charitable 
Society Co-
operative 
Sector Trusteeship
 
Limited 
Companies	
 	
Others
 
Total 	
1 Kasargod  57
 
14
 
0 
0 0
 
0 
0 
71
 	
2 Kannur  171
 
34
 
5 
3 1
 
1 
2 
217
 	
3 Wayanad  53
 
7 
0 
0 0
 
1 
0 
61
 	
4 Kozhikode  318
 
86
 
5 
3 1
 
4 
0 
417
 	
5 Malappura
m 363
 
108
 
2 
3 0
 
1 
0 
477
 	
6 Palakkad  247
 
28
 
0 
1 0
 
2 
0 
278
 	
7 Thrissu
r 392
 
69
 
3 
14 0
 
23
 
2 
503
 	
8 Ernakulam  372
 
49
 
1 
0 1
 
38
 
3 
464
 	
9 Idukki
 
90
 
9 
1 
0 0
 
1 
1 
102
 	
10 Kottaya
m 259
 
23
 
3 
5 0
 
18
 
0 
308
 	
11 Alappuzha  308
 
13
 
0 
2 0
 
8 
1 
332
 	
12 Pathanamthitta  145
 
14
 
1 
0 0
 
4 
0 
164
 	
13 Kollam  318
 
25
 
0 
1 0
 
18
 
1 
363
 	
14 Thiru
van anthapuram
 
360
 
31
 
0 
3 2
 
12
 
3 
411
 	
 Total
 
3453
 
510
 
21
 
35 5
 
131
 
13
 
4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      66 
  Table 11: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Gender of Proprietor 
 
Sl No.  District   Male  Female  Total 
1 Kasargod  30  27  57 
2 Kannur  90  81  171 
3 Wayanad  19  34  53 
4 Kozhikode  172  146  318 
5 Malappuram  247  116  363 
6 Palakkad  122  125  247 
7 Thrissur  199  193  392 
8 Ernakulam  152  220  372 
9 Idukki  39  51  90 
10 Kottayam  103  156  259 
11 Alappuzha  161  147  308 
12 Pathanamthitta  87  58  145 
13 Kollam  185  133  318 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  199  161  360 
 Total 1805 1648 3453

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      67 
  Table 12: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Social Status of Proprietor 
 
Sl No.  District   SC  ST  Others  Total 
1 Kasargod  4  0  53  57 
2 Kannur  2  1  168  171 
3 Wayanad  0  0  53  53 
4 Kozhikode  9  2  307  318 
5 Malappuram  6  0  357  363 
6 Palakkad  5  0  242  247 
7 Thrissur  16  1  375  392 
8 Ernakulam  7  0  365  372 
9 Idukki  8  0  82  90 
10 Kottayam  4  1  254  259 
11 Alappuzha  4  0  304  308 
12 Pathanamthitta  2  0  143  145 
13 Kollam  7  1  310  318 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  20  1  339  360 
 Total 94 7 3352 3453

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      68 	  Table 13: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of Waste Disposal Facility	
 Used
 	
Sl No. 
District   IMAGE Local 
Disposal Incinerator
 	
IMAGE & 
Local 
Disposal IMAGE & 
Incinerator	
 	
Local 
Disposal & 
Incinerator All the 
Three Total 	
1 Kasargod  19 46  0  6  0  0  0  71 	2 Kannur  58 137  0  22  0  0  0 217 	3 Wayan ad  16 41  1  3  0  0  0  61 	4 Kozhikode  68 324  0  24  0  1  0 417 	5 Malappuram  130 322  1  24  0  0  0 477 	6 Palakkad  43 230  0  5  0  0  0 278 	7 Thrissur  172 305  0  26  0  0  0 503 	8 Ernakulam  132 254  0  78  0  0  0 464 	9 Idu kki  26 71  0  5  0  0  0 102 	10 Kottayam  127 168  0  12  0  1  0  308 	11 Alappuzha  93  228  0  11  0  0  0  332 	12 Pathanamthitta  69  77  0  18  0  0  0  164 	13 Kollam  132 219  0  12  0  0  0  363 	14 Thiruvanan thapuram
 
97 218  0  96  0  0  0  411 	
 Total 1182 2640 2 342 0 2 0 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      69 
  Table 14: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Type of 	
waste disposal-Local 
Disposal Facility Used 
Sl No.  District  Waste Pit 
Burial Open 
Burning Waste Pit 
Burial & 
Open 
Burning Total 	
1 Kasargod  29  16  7  52 
2 Kannur  78  49  32  159 
3 Wayanad  26  7  11  44 
4 Kozhikode  120  125  104  349 
5 Malappuram  127  133  86  346 
6 Palakkad  80  87  68  235 
7 Thrissu r  118  128  85  331 
8 Ernakulam  124  110  98  332 
9 Idukki  26  26  24  76 
10 Kottayam  67  69  45  181 
11 Alappuzha  91  103  45  239 
12 Pathanamthitta  20  45  30  95 
13 Kollam  89  59  83  231 
14 Thiruvananthapura
m 87 98 129 314 
 Total 1082 1055 847 2984

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      70 
  Table 15: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Needle Destroyer is Used 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  65  6  71 
2 Kannur  181 36 217 
3 Wayanad  51  10  61 
4 Kozhikode  370 47 417 
5 Malappuram  423 54 477 
6 Palakkad  248 30 278 
7 Thrissur  454 49 503 
8 Ernakulam  436 28 464 
9 Idukki  98  4  102 
10 Kottayam  284 24 308 
11 Alappuzha  301 31 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  154 10 164 
13 Kollam  348 15 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  397 14 411 
 Total 3810 358 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      71 	  Table 16: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Accreditation / certification	
 	
Sl No.  District   NABL ISO 
Certification Both NABL 
& ISO 
Certification Other 
Certifying 
Agencies No 
Accreditation/ 
Certification Total 	1 Kasargod  0  2  0  3  66  71 	2 Kannur  0  5  0  6  206  217 	3 Wayanad  0  5  0  4  52  61 	4 Kozhikode  3  8  0  2  404  417 	5 Malappuram  0  16  0  10  451  477 	6 Palakkad  1  7  0  14  256  278 	7 Thrissur  0  7  0  26  470  503 	8 Ernakulam  7  8  1  28  420  464 	9 Idukki  0  2  0  14  86  102 	10 Kottayam  2  3  2  10  291  308 	11 Alappuzha  1  13  0  6  312  332 	12 Pathanamthitta  0  6  0  4  154  164 	13 Kollam  0  12  1  11  339  363 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  1  14  7  9  380  411 	 
Total 15 108 11 147 3887 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      72 
  Table 17: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Internal/External Quality Checking 
 
Sl 
No. District   Internal  External Both 
Internal 
& 
External No Total 
1 Kasargod  33  4  13 21 71 
2 Kannur  135  16  37  29  217 
3 Wayanad  22 13 14 12 61 
4 Kozhikode  239  35  59  84  417 
5 Malappuram  214 33  74 156 477 
6 Palakkad  116 38  22 102 278 
7 Thrissur  269  43  95  96  503 
8 Ernakulam  212 61 129 62 464 
9 Idukki  64 20 8 10 102 
10 Kottayam  141 15  28 124 308 
11 Alappuzha  151  53  50  78  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  69 13 38 44 164 
13 Kollam  156 22 100 85 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram 161 38  35 177 411 
 Total  1982 404  702 1080 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      73 	  Table 18: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Courses Offered in the Labs	
 	
 	Sl No.
 
District 
 Certificate Diploma  Others 
 	
Approved by 
Govt Not Approved 
by Go vt Approved 
by  Govt Not Approved 
by Govt Approved by 
Govt Not 
Approved by 
Govt To tal 	
1 Kasargod  1  3  0  2  0  2  8 	2 Kannur  0  0  0  1  0  0  1 	3 Wayanad  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 	4 Kozhikode  0  1  0  1  0  0  2 	5 Malappuram  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 	6 Palakkad  1  0  0  1  0  0  2 	7 Thrissur  0  13  2  14  0  13  42 	8 Ernakulam  1  33  3  32  3  31  103 	9 Idukki  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 	10 Kottayam  1  0  4  0  2  0  7 	11 Alappuzha  5  3  3  2  0  1  14 	12 Pathanamthitta  1  0  4  2  0  0  7 	13 Kollam  1  0  2  2  0  1  6 	14 Th iruvananthapuram  3  4  0  3  0  2  12 	 Total 14 57 18 60 5 50 204

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      74 
  Table 19: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Hematology Analyzer is Used 
Sl No.  District  3 Part 
Analyzer	
 	
5Part 
Analyzer	
 	
Both 3 
& 5 Part 
Analyzer	
 	
No Total 	
1  Kasargod  16 2  2 51 71 
2  Kannur  45 18  1 153 217 
3  Wayanad  21 3  0 37 61 
4  Kozhikode  95 44  1 277 417 
5 Malappuram  143 42 9 283 477 
6  Palakkad  37 11  1 229 278 
7  Thrissur  90 23  7 383 503 
8 Ernakulam  101 30 16 317 464 
9 Idukki  11 11 1 79 102 
10  Kottayam  78 14  3 213 308 
11  Alappuzha  42 18  4 268 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  32  3  0 129 164 
13  Kollam  79 20  4 260 363 
14  Thiruvananthapuram 97 36  4 274 411 
 Total  887 275  53 2953 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      75 
  Table 20: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Where Gamma Counter is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  1  70  71 
2 Kannur  4  213  217 
3 Wayanad  2  59  61 
4 Kozhikode  11  406  417 
5 Malappuram  22  455  477 
6 Palakkad  6  272  278 
7 Thrissur  19  484  503 
8 Ernakulam  7  457  464 
9 Idukki  1  101  102 
10 Kottayam  7  301  308 
11 Alappuzha  5  327  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  6  357  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  15  396  411 
 Total 107 4061 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      76 
  Table 21: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-Safety Cabinet is Used 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  7  64  71 
2 Kannur  32  185  217 
3 Wayanad  5  56  61 
4 Kozhikode  29  388  417 
5 Malappuram  42  435  477 
6 Palakkad  15  263  278 
7 Thrissur  38  465  503 
8 Ernakulam  46  418  464 
9 Idukki  12  90  102 
10 Kottayam  32  276  308 
11 Alappuzha  30  302  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  9  155  164 
13 Kollam  38  325  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  54  357  411 
 Total 389 3779 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      77 
  Table 22: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microtome is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Manual Se mi-
Automatic	
 	
Fully 
Automatic No Total 	
1 Kasargod  4  19  0  48 71 
2 Kannur  9  47  0  161 217 
3 Wayanad  3  13  0  45 61 
4 Kozhikode  10  95  0  312 417 
5 Malappuram  14  84  2  377 477 
6 Palakkad  16  60  0  202 278 
7 Thrissur  15  83  0  405 503 
8 Ernakulam  15  116  0  333 464 
9 Idukki  1  25  0  76 102 
10 Kottayam  16  56  2  234 308 
11 Alappuz ha  9  68  1  254 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  8  27  0  129 164 
13 Kollam  12  74  0  277 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram 25  80  2  304 411 
 Total 157 847 7 3157 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      78 
 Table 23: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Biochemistry Analyzer is Used	
 	
 
Sl No.  District  Semi-
Automatic
 	
Fully 
Automatic	
 	
Se mi & 
Fully 
Automatic No Total 	
1 Kasargod  42  12  6  11  71 
2 Kannur  120  26  11  60 217 
3 Wayanad  40  4  9  8  61 
4 Kozhikode  288  39  11  79 417 
5 Malappuram  308  37  23  109 477 
6 Palakkad  142  25  10  101 278 
7 Thrissur  358  37  29  79 503 
8 Ernakulam  338  47  16  63 464 
9 Idukki  86  3  2  11 102 
10 Kottayam  215  21  15  57  308 
11 Alappuzha  189  41  7  95  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  102  9  5  48  164 
13 Kollam  255  34  9  65  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram 196  66  19  130  411 
 Total 2679 401 172 916 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      79 
  Table 24: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Centrifuge is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  66 5 71 
2 Kannur  213 4 217 
3 Wayanad  59 2 61 
4 Kozhikode  407  10  417 
5 Malappuram  466  11  477 
6 Palakkad  270 8 278 
7 Thrissur  493  10  503 
8 Ernakulam  454  10  464 
9 Idukki  100 2 102 
10 Kottayam  302 6 308 
11 Alappuzha  326 6 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  157 7 164 
13 Kollam  356 7 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  392  19  411 
 Total 4061 107 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      80 
  Table 25: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Immunoassay Analyzer is Used 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  7  64  71 
2 Kannur  10  207  217 
3 Wayan ad  5  56  61 
4 Kozhikode  15  402  417 
5 Malappuram  33  444  477 
6 Palakkad  7  271  278 
7 Thrissur  25  478  503 
8 Ernakulam  24  440  464 
9 Idu kki  8  94  102 
10 Kottayam  12  296  308 
11 Alappuzha  12  320  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  11  153  164 
13 Kollam  14  349  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  20  391  411 
 Total 203 3965 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      81 
  Table 26: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Water Bath is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  35  36  71 
2 Kannur  109 108 217 
3 Wayanad  25  36  61 
4 Kozhikode  162 255 417 
5 Malappuram  271 206 477 
6 Palakkad  175 103 278 
7 Thrissur  359 144 503 
8 Ernakulam  286 178 464 
9 Idukki  57  45  102 
10 Kottayam  211 97 308 
11 Alappuz ha  224 108 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  71  93  164 
13 Kollam  236 127 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  238 173 411 
 Total 2459 1709 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      82 
  Table 27: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Hot Air Oven is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  28  43  71 
2 Kannur  89  128  217 
3 Wayanad  15  46  61 
4 Kozhikode  131  286  417 
5 Malappuram  162  315  477 
6 Palakkad  67  211  278 
7 Thrissur  164  339  503 
8 Ernakulam  140  324  464 
9 Idukki  35  67  102 
10 Kottayam  120  188  308 
11 Alappuzha  96  236  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  48  116  164 
13 Kollam  148  215  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  100  311  411 
 Total 1343 2825 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      83 
  Table 28: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Incubator is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  62  9  71 
2 Kannur  167  50  217 
3 Wayanad  52  9  61 
4 Kozhikode  325  92  417 
5 Malappuram  332  145  477 
6 Palakkad  136  142  278 
7 Thrissur  302  201  503 
8 Ernakulam  228  236  464 
9 Idukki  66  36  102 
10 Kottayam  180  128  308 
11 Alappuzha  194  138  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  87  77  164 
13 Kollam  266  97  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  246  165  411 
 Total 2643 1525 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      84 
  Table 29: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Autoclave is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  13 58 71 
2 Kannur  45  172  217 
3 Wayanad  12 49 61 
4 Kozhikode  67  350  417 
5 Malappuram  77  400  477 
6 Palakkad  37  241  278 
7 Thrissur  88  415  503 
8 Ernakulam  56  408  464 
9 Idukki  10  92  102 
10 Kottayam  66  242  308 
11 Alappuzha  62  270  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  28  136  164 
13 Kollam  87  276  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  71  340  411 
 Total 719 3449 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      85 
  Table 30: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Blood Gas Analyzer is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  3  68  71 
2 Kannur  18  199  217 
3 Wayan ad  2  59  61 
4 Kozhikode  18  399  417 
5 Malappuram  14  463  477 
6 Palakkad  10  268  278 
7 Thrissur  21  482  503 
8 Ernakulam  6  458  464 
9 Idukki  3  99  102 
10 Kottayam  13  295  308 
11 Alappuzha  9  323  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  18  345  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  21  390  411 
 Total 157 4011 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      86 
  Table 31: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology Analyzer is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  6  65  71 
2 Kannur  12  205  217 
3 Wayanad  1  60  61 
4 Kozhikode  15  402  417 
5 Malappuram  9  468  477 
6 Palakkad  4  274  278 
7 Thrissur  13  490  503 
8 Ernakulam  15  449  464 
9 Idukki  1  101  102 
10 Kottayam  10  298  308 
11 Alappuzha  11  321  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  2  162  164 
13 Kollam  13  350  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  9  402  411 
 Total 121 4047 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      87 
  Table 32: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where ELISA Reader is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  6  65  71 
2 Kannur  14  203  217 
3 Wayanad  5  56  61 
4 Kozhikode  19  398  417 
5 Malappuram  23  454  477 
6 Palakkad  9  269  278 
7 Thrissur  24  479  503 
8 Ernakulam  27  437  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  18  290  308 
11 Alappuzha  19  313  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  6  158  164 
13 Kollam  18  345  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  25  386  411 
 Total 213 3955 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      88 
  Table 33: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala by Where Electrophoresis Apparatus is 
Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  1  216  217 
3 Wayan ad  2  59  61 
4 Kozhikode  9  408  417 
5 Malappuram  7  470  477 
6 Palakkad  6  272  278 
7 Thrissur  9  494  503 
8 Ernakulam  13  451  464 
9 Idukki  5  97  102 
10 Kottayam  10  298  308 
11 Alappuzha  2  330  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  3  360  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  8  403  411 
 Total 76 4092 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      89 
  Table 34: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where ELISA Plate Washer is Used	
 	
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  2  69  71 
2 Kannur  6  211  217 
3 Wayanad  1  60  61 
4 Kozhikode  5  412  417 
5 Malappuram  11  466  477 
6 Palakkad  3  275  278 
7 Thrissur  6  497  503 
8 Ernakulam  6  458  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  9  299  308 
11 Alappuzha  10  322  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  5  358  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  14  397  411 
 Total 79 4089 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      90 
  Table 35: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Electrolyte Analyzer is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  7  64  71 
2 Kannur  31  186  217 
3 Wayanad  4  57  61 
4 Kozhikode  49  368  417 
5 Malappuram  57  420  477 
6 Palakkad  22  256  278 
7 Thrissur  58  445  503 
8 Ernakulam  46  418  464 
9 Idukki  10  92  102 
10 Kottayam  36  272  308 
11 Alappuzha  21  311  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  7  157  164 
13 Kollam  25  338  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  29  382  411 
 Total 402 3766 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      91 
  Table 36: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Automated Tissue Processor is 
Used 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  1  70  71 
2 Kannur  7  210  217 
3 Wayanad  2  59  61 
4 Kozhikode  3  414  417 
5 Malappuram  3  474  477 
6 Palakkad  4  274  278 
7 Thrissur  9  494  503 
8 Ernakulam  1  463  464 
9 Idukki  2  100  102 
10 Kottayam  6  302  308 
11 Alappuzha  4  328  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  0  164  164 
13 Kollam  8  355  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  8  403  411 
 Total 58 4110 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      92 
  Table 37: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Refrigerator is Used 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  71  0  71 
2 Kannur  212  5  217 
3 Wayan ad  60  1  61 
4 Kozhikode  406 11 417 
5 Malappuram  465 12 477 
6 Palakkad  271  7  278 
7 Thrissur  489 14 503 
8 Ernakulam  457  7  464 
9 Idukki  97  5  102 
10 Kottayam  306  2  308 
11 Alappuz ha  325  7  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  160  4  164 
13 Kollam  358  5  363 
14 Thiruvanan thapuram  405  6  411 
 Total 4082 86 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      93 
  Table 38: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Clinical Pathology Facility available	
 	
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  70 1 71 
2 Kannur  215  2  217 
3 Wayanad  60 1 61 
4 Kozhikode  415  2  417 
5 Malappuram  477  0  477 
6 Palakkad  278  0  278 
7 Thrissur  491  12  503 
8 Ernakulam  456  8  464 
9 Idukki  98  4  102 
10 Kottayam  308  0  308 
11 Alappuzha  332  0  332 
12 Pathan amthitta  164  0  164 
13 Kollam  363  0  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  410  1  411 
 Total 4137 31 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      94 	  Table 39: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology - Bacteriology (Culture) Facility available 
Sl No.  District   Level1 (Manual) Automated 
Microbiology 
Analyzer No Total 	1 Kasargod  13  3  55  71 	2 Kannur  31  5  181  217 	3 Wayanad  7  3  51  61 	4 Kozhikode  69  8  340  417 	5 Malappuram  36  22  419  477 	6 Palakkad  21  8  249  278 	7 Thrissur  39  15  449  503 	8 Ernakulam  50  24  390  464 	9 Idukki  8  2  92  102 	10 Kottayam  18  18  272  308 	11 A lappuz ha  25  16  291  332 	12 Pathanamthitta  12  3  149  164 	13 Kollam  22  6  335  363 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  50  4  357  411 	 Total 401 137 3630 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      95 	  Table 40: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology - Serology Facility available 
Sl No.  District  Card 
Tests ELISA 
Te sts Automated 
Immuno analyzer 
or Automated 
ELISA Processor Card & 
ELISA 
Tests Card Tests 
& 
Automated 
Immuno 
anal	
yzer
 	
ELISA Tests 
& 
Automated 
Immuno 
anal	
yze
r 	
All the 
Three 	
1 Kasargod   37  1  0  3  3  0  1 	2 Kannur   94  2  0  11  1  0  3 	3 Wayanad   35  2  0  1  0  0  0 	4 Kozhikode   224 1  5  14  10  2  8 	5 Malappuram   293 10  7  10  4  2  5 	6 Palakkad   194 2  1  11  1  0  5 	7 Thrissur   270 7  3  20  12  0  12 	8 Ernakulam   202 19  4  12  3  2  6 	9 Idukki   53  1  2  1  0  1  1 	10 Kottayam   167  4  7  11  0  0  3 	11 Alappuzha   153  6  2  6  3  0  3 	12 Pathanamthitta   83  1  2  3  0  0  4 	13 Kollam   223  1  5  9  4  0  2 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  184  6  10  15  4  0  9 	   Total   2212  63  48  127  45  7  62

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      96 
  Table 41: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Microbiology - TB Culture 
Fa cility  Availa ble 
 
Sl No.  District  Le vel1 
(Ma nual) Automated 
Microbiology 
Analyzer No Total 
1 Kasargod  2  2  67  71 
2 Kannur  8  3  206 217 
3 Wayanad  5  2  54  61 
4 Kozhikode  22  6  389 417 
5 Malappuram  6  24  447 477 
6 Palakkad  8  6  264 278 
7 Thrissur  18  11  474 503 
8 Ernakulam  12  25  427 464 
9 Idukki  1  1  100 102 
10 Kottayam  7  11  290  308 
11 Alappuzha  7  7  318  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  4  2  158  164 
13 Kollam  6  2  355  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  17  4  390  411 
 Total 123 106 3939 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      97 
  Table 42: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-Chemistry - Level-1 
(Glucose, Urea, Creatinine, Bilirubin etc.) Facility Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  69  2  71 
2 Kannur  210 7 217 
3 Wayan ad  57  4  61 
4 Kozhikode  406  11  417 
5 Malappuram  455  22  477 
6 Palakkad  265  13  278 
7 Thrissur  475  28  503 
8 Ernakulam  436  28  464 
9 Idukki  96  6  102 
10 Kottayam  288  20  308 
11 Alappuzha  318  14  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  149  15  164 
13 Kollam  354 9 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  388  23  411 
 Total  3966 202 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      98 
  Table 43: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-Chemistr	
y- Level-2 (Lipid 
Profile, Enzymes etc.) Facility Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  44 27 71 
2 Kannur  139  78  217 
3 Wayanad  41 20 61 
4 Kozhikode  285  132  417 
5 Malappuram  322  155  477 
6 Palakkad  162  116  278 
7 Thrissur  383  120  503 
8 Ernakulam  359  105  464 
9 Idukki  82  20  102 
10 Kottayam  213  95  308 
11 Alappuzha  222  110  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  102  62  164 
13 Kollam  265  98  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  245  166  411 
 Total 2864 1304 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      99 
  Table 44: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Bio-Chemistr	
y- Le vel-3 
(Electrophoresis, Hormones, Blood gas etc.) Facility Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  6  65 71 
2 Kannur  25 192 217 
3 Wayanad  7  54 61 
4 Kozhikode  26 391 417 
5 Malappuram  44 433 477 
6 Palakkad  20 258 278 
7 Thrissur  48 455 503 
8 Ernakulam  27 437 464 
9 Idukki  5  97 102 
10 Kottayam  16  292 308 
11 Alappuzha  24  308 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  9  155 164 
13 Kollam  35  328 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  47  364 411 
 Total 339 3829 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      100 
  Table 45: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Radioimmunoassay Facilit	
y 	
Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  1 70 71 
2 Kannur  1 216 217 
3 Wayanad  0 61 61 
4 Kozhikode  5 412 417 
5 Malappuram  5 472 477 
6 Palakkad  1 277 278 
7 Thrissu r  8 495 503 
8 Ernaku lam  5 459 464 
9 Idukki  0 102 102 
10 Kottayam  5  303 308 
11 Alappuzha  0  332 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  0  164 164 
13 Kollam  5  358 363 
14 Th iruvananthapuram  9  402 411 
 Total 45 4123 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      101 
  Table 46: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Histopathology (Biopsy) Facility	
 	
Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  2  69  71 
2 Kannur  3  214  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  7  410  417 
5 Malappuram  4  473  477 
6 Palakkad  2  276  278 
7 Thrissur  12  491  503 
8 Ernakulam  6  458  464 
9 Idukki  2  100  102 
10 Kottayam  7  301  308 
11 Alappuzha  2  330  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  2  162  164 
13 Kollam  5  358  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  13  398  411 
 Total 67 4101 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      102 
  Table  47: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where TMT/ ECHO/Doppler Facilit	
y 	
Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  3  214  217 
3 Wayanad  1  60  61 
4 Kozhikode  6  411  417 
5 Malappuram  6  471  477 
6 Palakkad  1  277  278 
7 Thrissur  6  497  503 
8 Ernakulam  15  449  464 
9 Idukki  3  99  102 
10 Kottayam  6  302  308 
11 Alappuzha  4  328  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  4  160  164 
13 Kollam  8  355  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  14  397  411 
 Total 77 4091 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      103 
  Table 48: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where ECG Facilit	
y Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  6  65  71 
2 Kannur  58  159  217 
3 Wayan ad  17  44  61 
4 Kozhikode  181 236 417 
5 Malappuram  158 319 477 
6 Palakkad  80  198  278 
7 Thrissur  247 256 503 
8 Ernakulam  162 302 464 
9 Idukki  31  71  102 
10 Kottayam  127 181 308 
11 Alappuzha  171 161 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  63  101  164 
13 Kollam  144 219 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  221 190 411 
 Total  1666 2502 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      104 
  Table 49: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where EEG Facility Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  1  216  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  5  412  417 
5 Malappuram  5  472  477 
6 Palakkad  1  277  278 
7 Thrissur  6  497  503 
8 Ernakulam  5  459  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  1  307  308 
11 Alappuzha  3  329  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  3  161  164 
13 Kollam  15  348  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  12  399  411 
 Total 57 4111 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      105 
  Table 50: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Cytology Facility Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  1  70  71 
2 Kannur  9  208  217 
3 Wayanad  3  58  61 
4 Kozhikode  20  397  417 
5 Malappuram  6  471  477 
6 Palakkad  6  272  278 
7 Thrissur  13  490  503 
8 Ernakulam  13  451  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  15  293  308 
11 Alappuzha  8  324  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  2  162  164 
13 Kollam  6  357  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  20  391  411 
 Total 122 4046 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      106 
  Table 51: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Molecular Diagnosis Facility 
Available 
Sl No.  District  Yes No Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  0  217  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  1  416  417 
5 Malappuram  2  475  477 
6 Palakkad  0  278  278 
7 Thrissur  0  503  503 
8 Ernakulam  2  462  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  1  307  308 
11 Alappuzha  0  332  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  0  164  164 
13 Kollam  0  363  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  1  410  411 
 Total 7 4161 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      107 
  Ta ble  52: No . of P rivate Medica l Lab s in Kerala Which Outsour ces any of the Te sting 
Facilities 
 
Sl No.  District  Within 
State Outside 
State Within  & 
Outside 
State No Total 
1  Kasargod  22 16 15 18 71 
2  Kannur  108 31  27  51 217 
3 Wayanad  35  7  0  19 61 
4  Kozhikode  232 45  30 110 417 
5  Malappuram  258 64  60  95 477 
6  Palakkad  175 28  37  38 278 
7  Thrissur  288 44  40 131 503 
8  Ernakulam  277 40  34 113 464 
9 Idukki  61 11 3  27 102 
10 Kottayam  187 31  18  72 308 
11 Alappuzha  226 20  23  63 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  131 3  10 20 164 
13 Kollam  253 27  18  65 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram 205 30  20 156 411 
 Total  2458 397 335 978 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      108 
  Table 53: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Ultra Sonogram Scanning 
Fa cility  Availa ble 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  3  214  217 
3 Wayanad  1  60  61 
4 Kozhikode  13  404  417 
5 Malappuram  28  449  477 
6 Palakkad  9  269  278 
7 Thrissu r  17  486  503 
8 Ernakulam  23  441  464 
9 Idukki  1  101  102 
10 Kottayam  16  292  308 
11 Alappuzha  12  320  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  12  152  164 
13 Kollam  18  345  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  35  376  411 
 Total 188 3980 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      109 
  Table 54: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where 	
X-Ray/ Digital 	X-Ray Facility 
Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  5  66  71 
2 Kannur  12  205  217 
3 Wayanad  5  56  61 
4 Kozhikode  47  370  417 
5 Malappuram  44  433  477 
6 Palakkad  19  259  278 
7 Thrissur  30  473  503 
8 Ernakulam  28  436  464 
9 Idukki  5  97  102 
10 Kottayam  24  284  308 
11 Alappuzha  22  310  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  16  148  164 
13 Kollam  40  323  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  54  357  411 
 Total 351 3817 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      110 
  Table 55: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where CT Scanning Facility Available	
 	
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  1  216 217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  0  417 417 
5 Malappuram  3  474 477 
6 Palakkad  2  276 278 
7 Thrissur  0  503 503 
8 Ernakulam  2  462 464 
9 Idukki  1  101 102 
10 Kottayam  11  297  308 
11 Alappuzha  4  328  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  4  160  164 
13 Kollam  12  351  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  15  396  411 
 Total 55 4113 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      111 
  Table 56: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where MRI Scanning Facility Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  0  217  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  3  414  417 
5 Malappuram  1  476  477 
6 Palakkad  0  278  278 
7 Thrissur  0  503  503 
8 Ernakulam  3  461  464 
9 Idukki  1  101  102 
10 Kottayam  1  307  308 
11 Alappuzha  1  331  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  2  162  164 
13 Kollam  6  357  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  8  403  411 
 Total 26 4142 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      112 
  Table 57: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where TLD (Thermo Luminescent 
Dosimeter) Badge is Used 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  1  70  71 
2 Kannur  4  213  217 
3 Wayanad  2  59  61 
4 Kozhikode  18  399  417 
5 Malappuram  6  471  477 
6 Palakkad  12  266  278 
7 Thrissur  13  490  503 
8 Ernakulam  14  450  464 
9 Idukki  1  101  102 
10 Kottayam  11  297  308 
11 Alappuzha  7  325  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  11  153  164 
13 Kollam  18  345  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  17  394  411 
 Total 135 4033 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      113 
  Table 58: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Speech Therapy Facility 
Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  0  217  217 
3 Wayan ad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  0  417  417 
5 Malappuram  2  475  477 
6 Palakkad  1  277  278 
7 Thrissur  1  502  503 
8 Ernakulam  0  464  464 
9 Idu kki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  1  307  308 
11 Alappuz ha  0  332  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  0  164  164 
13 Kollam  1  362  363 
14 Thiruvanan thapuram  1  410  411 
 Total 7 4161 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      114 
  Table 59: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Physiotherapy Facility Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  2  215  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  0  417  417 
5 Malappuram  5  472  477 
6 Palakkad  2  276  278 
7 Thrissu r  3  500  503 
8 Ernaku lam  1  463  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  0  308  308 
11 Alappuzha  1  331  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  1  362  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  2  409  411 
 Total 18 4150 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      115 
  Table 60: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Audiology Facility Available	
 	
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  0  71 71 
2 Kannur  1 216 217 
3 Wayanad  0  61 61 
4 Kozhikode  0 417 417 
5 Malappuram  2 475 477 
6 Palakkad  1 277 278 
7 Thrissur  0 503 503 
8 Ernakulam  1 463 464 
9 Idukki  0 102 102 
10 Kottayam  0  308 308 
11 Alappuzha  0  332 332 
12 Pathanamthitta  0  164 164 
13 Kollam  0  363 363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  1  410 411 
 Total 6 4162 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      116 
 Table 61: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Home Service Facility Available	
 	
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  12  59  71 
2 Kannur  53  164  217 
3 Wayanad  11  50  61 
4 Kozhikode  87  330  417 
5 Malappuram  66  411  477 
6 Palakkad  104  174  278 
7 Thrissur  126  377  503 
8 Ernakulam  164  300  464 
9 Idukki  16  86  102 
10 Kottayam  61  247  308 
11 Alappuzha  130  202  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  60  104  164 
13 Kollam  68  295  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  69  342  411 
 Total 1027 3141 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      117 
  Table 62: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Consulting Clinic Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  2  69  71 
2 Kannur  17  200  217 
3 Wayanad  2  59  61 
4 Kozhikode  17  400  417 
5 Malappuram  55  422  477 
6 Palakkad  21  257  278 
7 Thrissur  33  470  503 
8 Ernakulam  20  444  464 
9 Idukki  3  99  102 
10 Kottayam  6  302  308 
11 Alappuzha  6  326  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  2  162  164 
13 Kollam  7  356  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  8  403  411 
 Total 199 3969 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      118 
  Table 63: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Infertility Clinic Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  1  216  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  0  417  417 
5 Malappuram  0  477  477 
6 Palakkad  1  277  278 
7 Thrissur  1  502  503 
8 Ernakulam  0  464  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  0  308  308 
11 Alappuzha  0  332  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  0  164  164 
13 Kollam  0  363  363 
14 Thiru van anthapuram  0  411  411 
 Total 3 4165 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      119 
  Table 64: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Mobile Laboratories Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  1  216  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  1  416  417 
5 Malappuram  0  477  477 
6 Palakkad  4  274  278 
7 Thrissur  1  502  503 
8 Ernakulam  4  460  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  0  308  308 
11 Alappuzha  0  332  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  1  362  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  1  410  411 
 Total 14 4154 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      120 
  Table 65: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Mobile Mortuary Facility 
Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  0  217  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  0  417  417 
5 Malappuram  0  477  477 
6 Palakkad  0  278  278 
7 Thrissur  0  503  503 
8 Ernakulam  0  464  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  0  308  308 
11 Alappuzha  2  330  332 
12 Pathan amth itta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  1  362  363 
14 Thiru vananthapuram  2  409  411 
 Total 6 4162 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      121 
  Table 66: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Blood Bank Facility Available	
 	
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 	
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  0  217  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  0  417  417 
5 Malappuram  0  477  477 
6 Palakkad  2  276  278 
7 Thrissur  0  503  503 
8 Ernakulam  0  464  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  0  308  308 
11 Alappuzha  0  332  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  0  164  164 
13 Kollam  0  363  363 
14 Thiru van anthapuram  0  411  411 
 Total 2 4166 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      122 
  Table 67: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Medical Shop Available 
 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  3  68  71 
2 Kannur  13  204  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  3  414  417 
5 Malappuram  53  424  477 
6 Palakkad  12  266  278 
7 Thrissur  28  475  503 
8 Ernakulam  10  454  464 
9 Idukki  2  100  102 
10 Kottayam  4  304  308 
11 Alappuzha  8  324  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  5  159  164 
13 Kollam  9  354  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  11  400  411 
 Total 161 4007 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      123 
  Table 68: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Optometry Facility Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  0  71  71 
2 Kannur  1  216  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  0  417  417 
5 Malappuram  4  473  477 
6 Palakkad  1  277  278 
7 Thrissur  2  501  503 
8 Ernakulam  0  464  464 
9 Idukki  0  102  102 
10 Kottayam  1  307  308 
11 Alappuzha  0  332  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  1  163  164 
13 Kollam  0  363  363 
14 Thiru vananthapuram  1  410  411 
 Total 11 4157 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      124 
  Table 69: No. of Private Medical Labs in Kerala Where Ambulance Facility Available 
Sl No.  District   Yes  No  Total 
1 Kasargod  1  70  71 
2 Kannur  0  217  217 
3 Wayanad  0  61  61 
4 Kozhikode  1  416  417 
5 Malappuram  2  475  477 
6 Palakkad  2  276  278 
7 Thrissur  0  503  503 
8 Ernakulam  4  460  464 
9 Idukki  2  100  102 
10 Kottayam  6  302  308 
11 Alappuzha  4  328  332 
12 Pathanamthitta  8  156  164 
13 Kollam  13  350  363 
14 Thiruvananthapuram  11  400  411 
 Total 54 4114 4168

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      125 	  Table 70: No. of Persons Utilizing Different Facilities Available in Private Medical Labs in Kerala. (In Numbers) 
Sl No.  District  Laboratory Facility  Radiology  Blood Bank 	
Last Month  Last Year  Last Month
 
Last Year  Last Month
 
Last Year
 	
1 Kasargod  34,020 3,42,142  970  11,040  0  0 	2 Kannur  1,09,201 12,94,039 1,595 19,079  0  0 	3 Wayanad  30,645 3,65,699  679  7,265  0  0 	4 Kozhikode  1,82,626 21,92,734 6,981 85,997  0  0 	5 Malappuram  2,62,008 32,47,511 13,039 1,85,308  0  0 	6 Palakkad  1,01,416 11,57,867 5,673 68,658  380 3,350 	7 Thrissur  2,35,083 30,39,524 12,960 1,48,648  0  0 	8 Ernakulam  2,29,014 28,03,641 5,703 63,335  0  0 	9 Idu kki  55,821 4,69,432  951  14,826  0  0 	10 Kottayam  1,59,048 20,75,975  7,004  71,092  0  0 	11 Alappuzha  1,47,047 15,82,778  5,365  84,326  0  0 	12 Pathanamthitta  76,079  9,35,160  4,368  61,709  0  0 	13 Kollam  1,82,543 20,86,686 17,211 1,37,654  0  0 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  2,13,000 25,36,804 22,151 2,53,878  0  0 	 Total 20,17,551 2,41,29,992 1,04,650 12,12,815 380 3,350

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      126 	  Table 70:  Contd… 
Sl No.  District  Mobile Laboratories  Ambulance  Mobile Mortuary  Medical Shop 	
Last 
Month Last 
Year Last 
Month Last 
Ye ar Last 
Month Last 
Ye ar Last Month  Last Year 	
1 Kasargod  0  0  10 150  0  0  1,800 17,252 	2 Kannur  10 100  0  0  0  0  10,872 1,19,855 	3 Wayanad  0 0 0 0 0 0  0  0 	4 Kozhikode  820 10,165 12 180  0  0  1,256 16,186 	5  Malappuram  0  0  270 2,575  0  0  86,469 9,42,151 	6 Palakkad  70 464 11 105  0  0  16,566 2,16,954 	7 Thrissur  20 250  0  0  0  0  29,121 3,49,232 	8  Ernakulam  128 2,886 140 1,622  0  0  14,080 1,85,050 	9 Idukki  0  0  57 573  0  0  1,022 12,110 	10  Kottayam  0  0  149 1,989  0  0  13,750 1,27,496 	11 Alappuzha  0  0  29  345  9  95  15,370 1,76,500 	12 Pathanamthitta  4  22  98  1,098  5  50  6,568  74,440 	13  Kollam  21  198  547 8,682  5  50  12,111 1,39,488 	14 
Thiruvananthapuram
 
13 65 323 3,890 7 103 6,881 77,508 	
  Total  1,086 14,150 1,646 21,209  26  298  2,15,866 24,54,222

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      127 	  Table 70:  Contd… 
Sl No.  District  Optometry Others  Total 	
Last Month
 
Last Year
 
Last Month
 
Last Year  Last Month  Last Year 	
1  Kasargod  0  0  1,719 16,992 38,519 3,87,576 	2  Kannur  260  3,110 10,946 1,20,262 1,32,884 15,56,445 	3 Wayanad  0  0  36  146 31,360 3,73,110 	4 Kozhikode  0  0 11,525 79,840 2,03,220 23,85,102 	5  Malappuram  620  7,055 57,238 5,77,359 4,19,644 49,61,959 	6 Palakkad  35 175 7,049 61,245 1,31,200 15,08,818 	7  Thrissur  93  918  12,966 1,75,222 2,90,243 37,13,794 	8 Ernakulam  0  0 5,168 59,128 2,54,233 31,15,662 	9 Idukki  0  0  176 1,353 58,027 4,98,294 	10 Kottayam  150 2,000 2,119 23,333 1,82,220 23,01,885 	11 Alappuzha  0  0  2,787 38,825 1,70,607 18,82,869 	12 Pathanamthitta  125 960 474  7,651 87,721 10,81,090 	13 Kollam  0  0  2,884 33,222 2,15,322 24,05,980 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  2,528 245 3,907 45,546 2,48,810 29,18,039 	
 Total 3,811 14,463 1,18,994 12,40,124 24,64,010 2,90,90,623

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      128 	 	
Table 71: Value of Fixed Assets of Private Medical Labs in Kerala (In Rupees) 
Sl No.  District   Land  Building  Equipments  Vehicles  Furniture & Fixtures	
 
Others Total 	
1 Kasargod  2,00,000  2,50,000 3,36,84,000 13,00,000  63,96,500  4,40,700 4,22,71,200 	2 Kannur  2,66,04,145 3,04,05,240 13,44,52,565 6,89,533  2,56,00,353  12,95,380 21,90,47,216 	3 Wayanad  3,00,000  1,50,000 3,07,49,000  0  39,56,900  3,05,750 3,54,61,650 	4 Kozhikode  8,40,50,000 2,38,80,000 25,47,43,073 22,60,000  3,16,81,872  68,96,819 40,35,11,764 	5 Malappuram  6,73,85,001 2,69,55,100 25,47,92,476 40,48,000  4,43,05,337  56,06,205 40,30,92,119 	6 Palakkad  4,84,25,000 3,10,10,000 8,90,50,947 26,86,150  1,06,44,468  8,98,636 18,27,15,201 	7 Thrissur  24,75,16,000 6,49,27,649 21,62,89,019 60,75,525  4,24,02,644  72,06,556 58,44,17,393 	8 Ernakulam  10,76,35,840 4,91,73,406 18,91,13,602 1,70,47,317  6,36,31,767  60,00,429 43,26,02,361 	9  Idukki  1,13,00,000 57,00,000 3,89,87,188 10,98,408  53,54,961  8,47,000 6,32,87,557 	10 Kottayam  12,62,00,000 9,55,65,000 17,45,93,573 1,05,16,634  2,24,62,132  42,31,277 43,35,68,616 	11 Alappuzha  5,74,45,000 3,23,10,000 19,70,96,797 22,30,000  1,98,23,673  25,10,767 31,14,16,237 	12 Pathanamthitta  4,02,40,000 2,08,15,000 12,87,92,642 30,20,000  1,60,57,899  76,43,594 21,65,69,135 	13 Kollam  15,82,90,000 5,01,15,000 27,87,38,650 94,55,000  2,60,30,800  17,75,600 52,44,05,050 	14 Thiruvananthapuram 6,33,00,000 4,29,65,000 40,55,56,406 76,24,600  2,72,99,671  53,69,032 55,21,14,709 	 Total 103,88,90,986
 
47,42,21,395
 
242,66,39,938
 
6,80,51,167
 
34,56,48,977 5,10,27,745
 
440,44,80,208

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      129 	 Table 72: Expenditu re And  Inco me  De ta ils of P rivate Medica l La bs in  Kerala. (In Rupee s) 
Sl No.	
 
District  Salaries/Wages /Charges for 
Professionals/Consultants Electricity Charges 	
Monthly 2012-13 Monthly 2012-13 	
1 Kasargod  8,40,950  1,02,83,600  1,39,760  16,97,100 	2 Kannur  55,46,823  5,24,19,133  6,68,903  78,93,993 	3 Wayanad  7,70,800  88,29,600  78,790  9,64,880 	4 Kozhikode  66,85,696  9,42,72,109  9,60,273  94,48,260 	5 Malappuram  88,29,736 9,87,40,365 9,99,043 1,16,34,635 	6 Palakkad  31,61,345  3,96,84,873  4,05,135  41,72,952 	7 Thrissur  1,05,06,849  11,69,28,778  12,11,618  1,55,72,862 	8 Ernakulam  1,36,94,824  15,51,83,078  15,27,039  1,60,65,718 	9 Idukki  20,87,052  1,11,01,321  1,34,799  14,10,113 	10 Kottayam  70,74,605 8,94,28,123 12,74,660 1,51,91,414 	11 Alappuzha  45,09,440  4,75,13,205  7,27,263  76,87,042 	12 Pathanamthitta  34,49,819  3,95,82,205  5,62,562  61,05,237 	13 Kollam  74,07,446 8,71,88,863 15,69,691 1,81,44,280 	14 Thiruvananthapuram
 
1,26,66,772 15,08,93,565  26,76,758  3,18,14,828 	
 Total  8,72,32,157 100,20,48,818 1,29,36,294  14,78,03,314

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      130 	  
Table 72 Contd… 	
   Water Charges Medical Equipments
–Repair and  
Maintenance 	
Sl No. District   Monthly 2012-13 Monthly 2012-13 	1 Kasargod  6,370  97,500  38,450  6,94,800 	2 Kannur  16,634  2,02,104  2,73,203 39,10,370 	3 Wayanad  3,855  50,160  27,391  3,87,200 	4 Kozhikode  89,661  11,53,177 3,76,398 53,40,699 	5 Malappuram  55,014  5,75,884  6,14,273 84,77,683 	6 Palakkad  22,117  2,58,450  2,85,980 31,63,917 	7 Thrissur  47,883  5,06,580  7,22,784 75,04,335 	8 Ernakulam  1,07,805 10,80,154 8,50,033 1,07,87,670 	9 Idukki  7,036  73,526  42,129  9,66,501 	10 Kottayam  56,451  12,09,028  3,67,034  54,96,797 	11 Alappuzha  21,989  2,06,516  2,67,092  37,42,646 	12 Pathanamthitta  28,780  3,48,601  1,97,685  25,00,864 	13 Kollam  39,168  5,69,193  11,24,983 1,35,47,135 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  1,32,763  15,77,184  14,03,711 1,55,20,057 	 Total  6,35,526 79,08,057 65,91,146 8,20,40,674

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      131 	 Table 72 Contd… 	
Sl No.  District  Reagents and Chemicals  Telephone/Internet Charges 	
Monthly 2012-13 Monthly 2012-13 	
1 Kasargod  11,21,000 1,35,93,730 27,080  3,24,700 	2 Kannur  35,80,229 5,42,53,314 1,24,035 13,83,162 	3 Wayanad  7,10,714 79,62,749  21,725  2,62,150 	4 Kozhikode  34,48,238 4,57,09,494 1,92,963 24,97,392 	5 Malappuram  56,76,468 6,40,91,741 1,97,873 21,62,073 	6 Palakkad  19,07,246 2,26,40,891 1,04,060 11,93,350 	7 Thrissur  78,02,414 8,50,68,138 3,24,457 41,15,982 	8 Ernakulam  1,30,29,180 17,32,08,498 4,78,892 53,67,601 	9 Idukki  7,46,460 76,72,064  35,345  3,56,459 	10 Kottayam  49,04,532 5,55,87,164 2,06,395  31,09,420 	11 Alappuzha  24,31,300 2,47,07,635 1,32,341  14,98,340 	12 Pathanamthitta  18,24,447 2,05,21,324 1,07,566  14,69,839 	13 Kollam  35,76,572 4,09,99,445 1,97,997  22,56,501 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  1,09,77,844 12,55,97,665 3,10,009  34,94,301 	 Total  6,17,36,644 74,16,13,852 24,60,738 2,94,91,270

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      132 	  
Table 72 Contd… 	
    Building Rent / Maintenance  Tax 	
Sl No. District   Monthly 2012-13 Monthly 2012-13 	1 Kasargod  2,37,120  28,11,600  2,320  48,717 	2 Kannur  10,18,530  99,42,544  47,726  3,85,811 	3 Wayanad  1,99,625  23,98,600  1,110  1,36,105 	4 Kozhikode  15,11,210  1,79,48,565  29,093  8,34,268 	5 Malappuram  29,60,426  2,71,81,328  2,66,205  23,06,633 	6 Palakkad  7,72,389  1,16,09,368  29,490  7,59,386 	7 Thrissur  26,68,515 2,07,51,941 1,61,068 1,10,66,454 	8 Ernakulam  31,48,871  3,62,17,669  1,11,477  12,72,246 	9 Idukki  2,91,890  27,74,689  2,670  49,408 	10 Kottayam  18,72,856  1,62,28,664  7,09,926  94,56,045 	11 Alappuzha  9,93,407  98,13,288  31,558  3,06,857 	12 Pathanamthitta  7,59,825  93,29,260  57,548  10,48,195 	13 Kollam  13,88,977  1,52,51,980  50,658  16,34,791 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  26,78,442  3,12,72,400  4,96,478  36,07,394 	 Total  2,05,02,083 21,35,31,896 19,97,327 3,29,12,310

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      133 	  Table 72 Contd… 	
  Tran spor tation Exp enses(Including 
expenses on fuel) Waste disposal 	
Sl No. District   Monthly 2012-13 Monthly 2012-13 	1 Kasargod  32,900 4,66,000 25,059 3,02,158 	2 Kannur  66,917  8,61,500  88,244  10,38,760 	3 Wayanad  7,850  97,800  15,604  1,75,720 	4 Kozhikode  2,64,784 31,92,771 1,53,518 15,08,029 	5 Malappuram  2,68,400 28,22,337 1,79,414 19,74,768 	6 Palakkad  1,38,936 14,57,724  77,329  8,93,748 	7 Thrissur  4,40,059 47,67,395 1,90,708 22,38,005 	8  Ernakulam  6,75,246 1,31,84,456 2,34,179  26,57,998 	9 Idukki  24,594 2,59,385 22,802 2,44,848 	10 Kottayam  2,25,388  24,51,983  1,55,677  18,24,765 	11 Alappuzha  1,23,089  12,58,100  1,08,212  11,07,374 	12 Pathanamthitta  1,59,430  20,33,211  68,145  8,10,340 	13 Kollam  2,21,650  24,18,121  1,73,831  20,84,010 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  4,62,632  49,96,676  4,33,286  50,39,459 	 Total  31,11,875 4,02,67,459 19,26,008 2,18,99,982

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      134 	  	Table  
72 
Contd… 	
   Others  Total 	Sl No.  District   Monthly  2012-13  Monthly  2012-13 	1 Kasargod  1,46,800 17,51,700 26,17,809 3,20,71,605 	2 Kannur  3,05,885 24,72,594 1,17,37,129 13,47,63,285 	3 Wayanad  9,148  93,676  18,46,612 2,13,58,640 	4 Kozhikode  7,85,730 1,15,42,175 1,44,97,564 19,34,46,939 	5 Malappuram  4,50,991 46,32,213 2,04,97,843 22,45,99,660 	6 Palakkad  1,82,172 18,58,778 70,86,199 8,76,93,437 	7 Thrissur  15,41,192 1,78,40,254 2,56,17,547 28,63,60,724 	8 Ernakulam  14,41,542 1,61,48,036 3,52,99,088 43,11,73,124 	9 Idukki  5,53,935 66,15,699 39,48,712 3,15,24,013 	10 Kottayam  5,37,023 79,96,080 1,73,84,547 20,79,79,483 	11 Alappuzha  1,64,460 16,75,320 95,10,151 9,95,16,323 	12 Pathanamthitta  3,43,337 31,03,436 75,59,144 8,68,52,512 	13 Kollam  1,52,347 17,83,375 1,59,03,320 18,58,77,694 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  6,61,358 62,84,269 3,29,00,053 38,00,97,798 	 Total  72,75,920 8,37,97,605 20,64,05,718 240,33,15,237

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      135 	 	Table  
72 
Contd… 	
   Income Re ceive d 	
Sl No.  District   Monthly  2012-13 	1 Kasargod  35,05,015  4,15,32,667 	2 Kannur  1,69,41,879  20,47,27,834 	3 Wayanad  20,85,195  3,06,21,270 	4 Kozhikode  2,63,48,205  29,10,73,692 	5 Malappuram  3,10,44,772  31,85,28,334 	6 Palakkad  1,25,31,486  12,85,08,283 	7 Thrissur  3,77,28,793  45,85,94,992 	8 Ernakulam  5,46,44,069  62,10,44,945 	9 Idukki  44,70,596  5,28,12,214 	10 Kottayam  3,36,49,634  39,65,52,609 	11 Alappuzha  1,55,36,052  17,58,45,089 	12 Pathanamthitta  1,54,36,020  14,09,29,108 	13 Kollam  2,91,58,561  30,88,71,671 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  4,77,42,070  62,58,76,718 	 Total  33,08,22,347  379,55,19,426

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      136 	  Table 73: Details of Loan and Other Liabilities of Private Medical Labs in Kerala (In Rupees) 	Sl No. 
District   Loan Availed  Amount Repaid
 
Loan Outstanding
 
Other Liabilities
 
Total 	
1 Kasargod  58,18,500 23,18,895  40,85,800  22,000  1,22,45,195 	2 Kannur  3,76,55,000 1,46,91,160 1,85,53,700  4,50,000 7,13,49,860 	3 Wayanad  36,30,000 13,11,500  20,60,500  6,84,000  76,86,000 	4 Kozhikode  10,89,03,410 1,19,43,992 9,29,23,658 81,00,060 22,18,71,120 	5 Malappuram  5,22,38,000 1,36,73,509 3,60,38,846 1,82,88,411 12,02,38,766 	6 Palakkad  2,84,20,000 1,20,20,052 1,68,14,948 31,50,000 6,04,05,000 	7 Thrissur  5,29,21,171 1,38,30,894 4,38,25,499 2,20,86,294 13,26,63,858 	8 Ernakulam  7,24,51,000 2,37,19,042 5,25,23,708 8,53,75,646 23,40,69,396 	9  Idukki  78,55,000 16,07,000  62,99,250  16,90,000 1,74,51,250 	10 Kottayam  15,55,01,753 2,18,25,435 13,27,47,056  69,63,905 31,70,38,149 	11 Alappuzha  3,14,82,000 67,69,390  1,46,81,651  76,31,276 6,05,64,317 	12 Pathanamthitta  8,49,35,000 2,56,98,946 5,06,65,733  1,14,32,000 17,27,31,679 	13 Kollam  9,62,46,000 1,72,10,700 7,35,40,300  13,95,000 18,83,92,000 	14 Thiruvanan thapuram
 
6,88,46,137 2,76,09,460  5,25,90,700  22,84,15,143 37,74,61,440 	
 Total 80,69,02,971
 
19,42,29,975 59,73,51,349  39,56,83,735 199,41,68,030

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      137 	  Table 74: Details of Number of Non-Technical Staffs in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala(In Numbers)	
 	
 
  Office Staff Helpers/Drivers
/Last Grade 
Attenders Se curity Others  Total 	Sl No.  District   Male  Female
 
Male Female Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female 	
1  Kasargod  16 14 2 6 0 0 2 1 20 21 	2  Kannur  32 80 2 23 0  0  2 13 36 116 	3  Wayanad  7 9 2 7 1 0 1 4 11 20 	4  Kozhikode  59 81 11 44  6  0  12 24 88 149 	5  Malappuram  66 118 15  48  9  1  18  15 108 182 	6  Palakkad  20 42 12 20  2  0  2  4  36 66 	7  Thrissur  84 171 26  68  8  0  38  42 156 281 	8  Ernakulam  91 170 47  84  10  3  54  51 202 308 	9  Idukki  11 9 4 1 0 0 5 8 20 18 	10  Kottayam  58 190 30  82  10  0  18  26 116 298 	11  Alappuzha  33 33 18 31 10  2  7  20 68 86 	12  Pathanamthitta  33 60 20 36  7  0  7  2  67 98 	13  Kollam  56 104 27  32  20  0  9  15 112 151 	14  Thiruvananthapuram 111 180 53 66 27  2  27 28 218 276 	 Total  677 1261 269  548  110  8  202  253 1258 2070

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      138 	 	Table 75:No. of Laboratory Technicians Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala according to their Qualifications 
 
 VHSC/Certificate 
Courses Diploma Degree Post 
Graduates Experience 
Only Total 	Sl No.
 
District   Male  Female  Male
 
Female
 
Male
 
Female
 
Male
 
Female
 
Male
 
Female
 
Male Female
 	
1 Kasargod  4  31  7 61 7 6 0 3 53 34 71 135 	2  Kannur  5  130  46 256 15  28  2  7  0  0  68  421 	3 Wayanad  2  14  3 80 0 1 1 0 0  0  6 95 	4  Kozhikode  11  142  86 553 18  26  6  11  4  6  125 738 	5 Malappuram  27 122 117 532 44 40 10 5 8 18 206 717 	6 Palakkad  16 121 45 262 8 16 1 1 2 13 72 413 	7  Thrissur  22  277  64 614 11  65  2  6  5  66  104 1028 	8  Ernakulam  5  172  40 790 19  74  2  19  1  29  67 1084 	9 Idukki  1  15 15 124 3 3 2 2 0  0 21 144 	10  Kottayam  2  86  32 507 10  48  7  15  0  0  51  656 	11  Alappuzha  11  150  47 384 10  51  3  6  3  8  74  599 	12  Pathanamthitta  5  34  29 243 13  37  5  4  2  6  54  324 	13 Kollam  13  148  43 455 9  62  4  4  4  19  73 688 	14 Thiruvananthapuram 17  174 115 622 19 42  3  6  0  5  154 849 	 Total 141 1616 689 5483 186 499 48 89 82 204 1146
 
7891

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      139 	 	Table 76:No. of X-Ray Technicians Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 
     VHSC/Certificate 
Course s Diplo ma Degree Post 
Graduates Experience 
Only Total 	Sl No
 
District Name  Male  Female  Male  Female
 
Ma le Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 	
1 
Kasargod 1
 
1 
2 
0 
1 
3 
0 
0 
8 
18
 
12
 
22
 	
2 
Kannur 1
 
1 
3 
8 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
4 
9 	
3 
Wayanad 0
 
0 
3 
5 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
3 
5 	
4 
Kozhikode 0
 
2 
16
 
27
 
2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
1 
18
 
30
 	
5 
Malappuram 6
 
1 
23
 
30
 
3 
1 
0 
0 
2 
0 
34
 
32
 	
6 
Palakkad 5
 
1 
12
 
7 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
17
 
8 	
7 
Thrissur 4
 
12
 
11
 
29
 
0 
3 
0 
0 
1 
2 
16
 
46
 	
8 
Ernakulam 0
 
8 
5 
45
 
0 
6 
0 
0 
0 
4 
5 
63
 	
9 
Idukki 0
 
0 
2 
1 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 
0 
2 
2 	
10
 
Kottayam 2
 
0 
8 
21
 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
3 
10
 
24
 	
11
 
Alappuzha 3
 
4 
16
 
21
 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 
0 
19
 
26
 	
12
 
Pathanamthitta 1
 
0 
10
 
16
 
2 
2 
0 
0 
1 
0 
14
 
18
 	
13
 
Kollam 2
 
2 
26
 
32
 
5 
5 
1 
1 
1 
0 
35
 
40
 	
14
 
Thiruvananthapuram 8
 
6 
21
 
34
 
8 
16
 
2 
6 
1 
1 
40
 
63
 	
   Total  33
 
38
 
158
 
276
 
21
 
38
 
3 
7 
14
 
29
 
229
 
388

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      140 	 	Table 77 :No. of Scanning Technicians Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala according to their Qualifications 
  VHSC/Certificate 
Courses Diploma Degree Post 
Graduates Experience 
Only Total 	Sl No.
 
District   Male  Female  Male
 
Female
 
Male
 
Female
 
Male
 
Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 	
1 Kasargod  0  0  0 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  0 	2 Kannur  0  0  0 2 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  2 	3 Wayanad  0  0  0 0 1 2 0 0  0  0  1  2 	4 Kozhikode  0  0  1 2 1 0 0 1  0  0  2  3 	5 Malappuram  2  1  8 1 0 3 1 0  0  2 11 7 	6 Palakkad  1  0  0 3 0 0 0 0  0  0  1  3 	7 Thrissur  0  2  0 1 0 0 0 0  0  0  0  3 	8 Ernakulam  0  1  3 3 7 3 0 2  0  3 10 12 	9 Idukki  0  0  4 0 0 0 0 0  0  0  4  0 	10 Kottayam  1  1  8 1 2 0 0 0  0  0 11 2 	11 Alappuzha  0  0  1 3 0 0 0 0  0  0  1  3 	12 Pathanamthitta  0  0  8 4 1 0 0 0  0  0  9  4 	13 Kollam  0  0  9 4 3 4 1 0  0  0 13 8 	14 Thiruvananthapuram
 
0  4  4 4 8 8 9 3  0  0 21 19 	
 Total  4  9  46 28 23 20 11  6  0  5  84  68

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      141 	  Ta ble  78:No. of Nurses Wor king in  the Pr ivate Me dical L abs in Ker ala  b ased on the ir  Qu alificatio ns 
 
  Diploma Degree Post 
Graduates Exp erien ce 
Only Total 	Sl No.
 
District   Male  Female
 
Male Female Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 	
1 Kasargod  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	2 Kannur  0 7 0 3 0 1 0 1 0 12 	3 Wayanad  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	4 Kozhikode  0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 	5  Malappuram  1 10 0 11 0  0  0  0  1 21 	6 Palakkad  3 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 9 	7 Thrissur  1 8 0 1 1 1 0 0 2 10 	8 Ernakulam  1 11 0 3 0 6 0 0 1 20 	9 Idukki  0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 	10 Kottayam  0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 	11 Alappuzha  0 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 	12 Pathanamthitta  0 7 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 8 	13 Kollam  0 11 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 14 	14 Thiru vananthapuram  0 6 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 18 	 Total  6 78 1 38 2  8  0  2  9 126

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      142 	 Table 79:No. of Biochemist Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
 
 
Degree Post Graduates  Total 	
Sl No.  District   Male  Female Male Fe male Ma le Female 	1 Kasargod  1 1 0 1 1 2 	2 Kannur  0 1 6 3 6 4 	3 Wayanad  0 0 0 0 0 0 	4 Kozhikode  3  5  14  7  17  12 	5 Malappuram  4 2 4 7 8 9 	6 Palakkad  0 1 0 0 0 1 	7 Thrissu r  4  8  6  7  10  15 	8 Ernakulam  1  3  6  10  7  13 	9 Idukki  0 0 0 0 0 0 	10 Kottayam  0 3 5 9 5 12 	11 Alappuzha  0 0 0 4 0 4 	12 Pathanamthitta  0 2 1 2 1 4 	13 Kollam  0 1 1 2 1 3 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  3 3 4 6 7 9 	 Total  16 30 47 58 63 88

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      143 	 Table 80 : No. o f Micro bio lo gist Wor king in  the Pr ivate Me dical L abs in Kerala b ased on their  Qualificatio ns 	
 
 
Degree Post Graduates  Total 	
Sl No . District   Male Fe ma le Ma le Fe male Ma le Female 	1 Kasargod  0 0 0 5 0 5 	2 Kannur  1 5 2 12 3 17 	3 Wayanad  0 0 0 1 0 1 	4 Kozhikode  2 1 2 10 4 11 	5 Malappuram  2 3 4 2 6 5 	6 Palakkad  0 3 1 0 1 3 	7 Thrissu r  1 9 1 7 2 16 	8 Ernakulam  1 2 3 11 4 13 	9 Idukki  0 0 1 0 1 0 	10 Kottayam  1 1 4 4 5 5 	11 Alappuzha  0 0 0 0 0 0 	12 Pathanamthitta  0 1 1 6 1 7 	13 Kollam  0 0 0 3 0 3 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  0 3 2 7 2 10 	 Total  8  28 21 68 29 96

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      144 	 Table 81:No. of Pathologist Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 
  Degree Post Graduates  Total 	Sl N o. District   Male Female Ma le Female Ma le Fe male 	1 Kasargod  0 0 2 0 2 0 	2 Kannur  0 0 4 0 4 0 	3 Wayanad  0 0 1 0 1 0 	4 Kozhikode  0 1 2 5 2 6 	5 Malappuram  0 1 1 1 1 2 	6 Palakkad  0 0 0 3 0 3 	7 Thrissur  0 2 6 4 6 6 	8 Ernakulam  1 1 4 4 5 5 	9 Idukki  0 0 0 0 0 0 	10 Kottayam  3 2 3 2 6 4 	11 A lappuz ha  0 0 0 0 0 0 	12 Pathanamthitta  0 0 1 3 1 3 	13 Kollam  1 1 2 1 3 2 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  0 0 1 8 1 8 	 Total  5  8  27 31 32 39

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      145 	  Table 82:No. of Radiologist Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
 
 
Degree Post Graduates  Total 	
Sl No. District   Male Female Male Female Male Female 	1 Kasargod  0 0 0 0 0 0 	2 Kannur  0 0 0 2 0 2 	3 Wayanad  0 0 0 0 0 0 	4 Kozhikode  2  1  8  0 10 1 	5 Malappuram  6 1 3 2 9 3 	6 Palakkad  1 3 0 0 1 3 	7 Thrissur  5 0 4 0 9 0 	8 Ernakulam  8  1 13 2 21 3 	9 Idukki  0 0 1 0 1 0 	10 Kottayam  3 3 2 3 5 6 	11 Alappuzha  1 1 2 1 3 2 	12 Pathanamthitta  0 0 6 4 6 4 	13 Kollam  3 3 2 4 5 7 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  1  2  22 14 23 16 	 Total  30 15 63 32 93 47

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      146 	  Table 83:No. of Physiotherapist Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 
  Diploma Degree Post Graduates	
 
Experience 
Only Total 	
Sl No.  District  
Male Female
 
Male Female Male Female Male Female
 
Male Female 	
1 Kasargod  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	2 Kannur  0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 	3 Wayanad  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	4 Kozhikode  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	5 Malappuram  0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 	6 Palakkad  0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 	7 Thrissur  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	8 Ernakulam  0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 	9 Idukki  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	10 Kottayam  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	11 Alappuz ha  1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 	12 Pathanamthitta  0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 	13 Kollam  1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  1 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 2 3 	 Total  3 0 8 2 2 4 1 0 14 6

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      147 	  Table 84:No. of Doctors (Full time) Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
 
 
Degree Post Graduates  Total 	
Sl N o.  Distr ict   Male Female Ma le Fe male Ma le Fe male 	1  Kasargod  1 0 0 0 1 0 	2  Kannur  5 0 2 0 7 0 	3  Wayan ad  1 0 0 0 1 0 	4  Kozhikode  0 1 5 2 5 3 	5  Malappuram  6 1 4 0 10 1 	6  Palakkad  2 0 4 1 6 1 	7  Thrissur  2 0 5 1 7 1 	8  Ernakulam  3 2 2 7 5 9 	9  Idu kki  2 0 0 0 2 0 	10 Kottayam  2 1 5 1 7 2 	11 Alappuz ha  0 0 0 1 0 1 	12 Pathanamthitta  1 0 0 0 1 0 	13 Kollam  1 0 7 2 8 2 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  1 1 8 7 9 8 	 Total 27 6 42 22 69 28

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      148 	  Table 85:No. of Doctors (Part time) Working in the Private Medical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 	
 
 
Degree Post Graduates  Total 	
Sl N o.  Distr ict   Male Female Ma le Fe male Ma le Fe male 	1  Kasargod  1 0 1 0 2 0 	2  Kannur  10 2 13 2 23 4 	3  Wayan ad  1 0 1 0 2 0 	4  Kozhikode  0 0 9 0 9 0 	5  Malappuram  37 8 46 8 83 16 	6  Palakkad  6 5 9 0 15 5 	7 Thrissur  10 3 45 10 55 13 	8  Ernakulam  9  4 14 6 23 10 	9  Idu kki  0 0 1 0 1 0 	10 Kottayam  1 0 3 0 4 0 	11 Alappuz ha  5 1 6 2 11 3 	12 Pathanamthitta  0 1 6 0 6 1 	13 Kollam  0 1 6 2 6 3 	14 Thiruvananthapuram  8 3 6 5 14 8 	 Total  88  28 166  35 254 63

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      149 	  Table 86 :No. o f Oth er Te chnica l Staffs  Wor king in  the Pr ivate  Medical L abs in Kerala b ased on the ir  Qualificat io ns 
 
  	
VHSC/Certificate 
Cou rse s Diploma Degree Post Graduates Experience Only Total 	
Sl No.  District  
Ma le Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Ma le Fema le
 
Male Female 	
1 Kasargod  0  2 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 	2 Kannur  0  0 7 7 0 2 0 0 0 0 7 9 	3 Wayanad  0  0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 	4 Kozhikode  0  0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 5 	5 Malappuram  0  0 8 4 5 3 0 0 14 6 27 13 	6 Palakkad  0  0 1 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 6 	7 Thrissur  0  5 2 17 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 25 	8 Ernakulam  0  6 1 6 5 1 2 1 3 5 11 19 	9 Idu kki  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	10 Kottayam  0  0 1 3 2 1 0 0 2 3 5 7 	11 Alappuz ha  2  2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 	12 Pathanamthitta  0  0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 	13 Kollam  0  0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 	14 Thiruvanan thapuram 4  9 1 2 6 0 0 0 1 0 12 11 	 Total  6  24 23 54 18 12  3  1  20 17 70 108

Report on Private Medical Laboratories in Kerala      150 	  Table 87:No. of Teaching Staffs Working in the Private Me dical Labs in Kerala based on their Qualifications 
 
  	
VHSC/Certificate 
Course s Diploma Degree Post Graduates Experience Only
 
Total 	
Sl No.  District  
Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Male Female
 
Ma le Fema le 	
1 Kasargod  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	2 Kannur  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	3 Wayanad  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	4 Kozhikode  0  0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 	5 Malappuram  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	6 Palakkad  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	7 Thrissu r  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	8 Ernaku lam  0  0 0 2 0 2 1 2 0 0 1 6 	9 Idukki  0  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 	10 Kottayam  0  0 0 2 1 0 4 5 0 0 5 7 	11 Alappuzha  0  2 1 4 0 2 1 1 0 0 2 9 	12 Pathanamthitta  0  0 1 0 0 5 2 0 0 0 3 5 	13 Kollam  0  0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 	14 Thiruvananthapuram 0  1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 3 3 	 Total  0  3 3 14 3 12 10 8 0 0 16 37
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