Ecostat

Based on 
 
                  77
th
ROUND National Sample Survey 
                        [January 2019-December2019 ] 
                    State Sample Data 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NSS DIVISION 
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS 
                          Government of Kerala 
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REPORT ON 
NSS- 77
TH
 ROUND  
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY                                                                                                 
(JANUARY 2019 âDECEMBER 2019) 
                          NSS Division-DES KERALA 
 
DEBT & INVESTMENT IN KERALA

ii 
 
 
Government of  Kerala 
 
 
Report on 
Debt and Investment in Kerala 
                              Based on 
 
77
th
ROUND National Sample Survey 
[January 2019-December2019] 
State Sample Data 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NSS DIVISION 
Department of Economics and Statistics
 
                                Government of Kerala

Preface 
National Sample Survey (NSS) was set up in 1950, to bridge large gaps in statistical data 
needed for planning, policy formulation and computation of national income aggregates, 
especially in respect of the unorganized and household sector of the economy. The National 
Statistics Office (NSO) has been conducting nationwide multi-subject, integrated, large-scale 
sample surveys in the form of successive rounds covering various aspects of social, economic, 
demographic, industrial and agricultural statistics. One of the focal areas of its 77th round, 
conducted from January 2019 to December 2019, was Debt and Investment. 
All-India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS) of National Sample Survey is the 
primary source of information on numerous indicators viz; asset stock, debt incidence, capital 
formation, and other indicators of both rural and urban economies. NSO first conducted the 
survey in its 26
th
 round ( 1971-72). Subsequent data on debt and investment were collected in 
the 37th round (JanuaryâDecember 1982), 48th round (JanuaryâDecember 1992), 59th round 
(JanuaryâDecember 2003), and 70th round (JanuaryâDecember 2013), leading up to the 77th 
round. As a longstanding partner in the National Sample Surveys, the Department of Economics 
and Statistics (DES), Kerala, also participated in the survey with a matching sample size to that 
of the NSO 
This report is based on state sample data of All India Debt and Investment Survey 
(AIDIS) conducted as part of 77
th
 round NSS. This report includes important indicators on 
household assets and liabilities like average value of assets, average amount of debt, incidence 
of indebtedness and debt asset ratio. At State level, these important indicators are tabulated 
separately for different sectors as well as for different asset holding classes. 
I extend my sincere gratitude to National Statistics Office (NSO), Government of India, 
for their continued technical guidance in general and providing estimation procedures in 
particular. I would also like to thank the field staff at districts for their hard work in collecting 
data and NSS division of the directorate for their painstaking effort in bringing out the report, 
under the guidance and supervision of Shri. Preeth V.S (Nosologist) and Shri. M.Manoj, 
Additional Director (State Income). 
 
 
Thiruvananthapuram       Sreekumar B 
Date: 26-10-2024         Director 
 
 
iii

iv 
 
Contributers 
 
Guidance & Supervising 
Sri.Manoj M  (Additional Director -State Income) 
Report Editing 
Sri. Preeth V S (Nosologist) 
Sri. Francis Thomas (Assistant Director) 
Sri. Sreekumar G. (Research Officer)   
 
Report Writing ,Layout& Design 
Smt. Aparna .S.L (Statistical Asistant Gr-I) 
 
Data Validation & Tabulation 
    NSS Division - DES , Kerala 
 
Data Collection & Data Entry 
District Offices, Department of Economics & Statistics 
 
                                                  Technical support 
National Statistics Office, Government of India

v 
 
Highlights 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ï National Statistics Office (NSO) conducts All India Debt & 
Investment (AIDIS) survey in the rural and urban areas of the 
STATE at periodic intervals. 
ï The current survey, latest in the AIDIS series, was conducted 
during the period January to December, 2019. 
ï Information in the survey was collected in two visits  (Visit 
1:January-August, 2019 
and Visit2: September-December, 2019) 
from the same set of sample households.
 
ï The reference date/period to collect the information on assets and 
liabilities was 30.06.2018 and it was01.07.2018 to 30.06.2019 
for capital formation. 
ï In Kerala, the survey was spread over 152 sample villages/blocks 
covering1824sample house holds in the rural sector and 152 
sample  block scovering1824 households in the urban sector. 
ï The Survey collected relevant information on assets and 
liabilities of the households of Kerala as on 30.06.2018 
 
Key Indicators 
Average value of Assets (AVA): The average value of all the physical and financial 
assets 
owned per household as on 30.06.2018. 
 
Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI): The percentage of the indebted households as 
on30.06.2018. 
 
Average amount of Debt (AOD): The average amount of cash dues as on 30.06.2018 
Debt-Asset Ratio (DAR): The average amount of debt (AOD) outstanding on a given date 
for a group 
of households expressed as a percentage of the average amount of assets(AVA)owned by the 
month at given date 
 
Average amount of Debt  (AODL): The average amount of cash dues as on 30.06.2018per 
indebted household

vi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ownership of Assets 
(Percentage of Households reporting ownership of asset) 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 2.AVA(Rs.â000)
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land 
63% 
Building 
29% 
Others 
3% 
Deposits 
5% 
Rural 
Land 
66% 
Building 
24% 
Others 
4% 
Deposits 
6% 
Urban 
I. ASSETS 
Rural-100% 	Urban-99.8% 
A2.Percentage share of different components of assets in total             value of assets 
A1.  
Ownership of Assets & Average Value of Assets (AVA) 
 
% Share of different components of assets in total value of asset 
Note Other assets include livestock, transport equipments, agricultural machinery, 
non-farm business equipment and shares. 
Rural-3621 	Urban-4689 
     Combined-99.9% 
    Combined-4132

vii 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A3.
 Assets owned by the household and AVA by 
Social Groups
 
SC 	ST 
OBC 
OTHERS 
A4. Assets owned by the household and AVA by 
occupational category of the household. 
 
â¢ % of household owning asset 
â¢ Rural-100% Urban-100% 
â¢ Average value of Assets 
(000's) 
Rural-1577 Urban-2177 
â¢ % of household owning asset 
â¢ Rural-100% Urban-100% 
â¢ Average value of Assets (000's) 
â¢ Rural-2405 Urban-7198 
 
â¢ % of household owning asset 
â¢ Rural-99% Urban-99% 
â¢ Average value of Assets 
(Rs.â000) 
â¢ Rural-3029 Urban-3923 
 
â¢ % of household owning asset 
â¢ Rural-100% Urban-99.6% 
â¢ Average value of Assets 
(Rs.â000) 
â¢ Rural-5428 Urban-7340

viii 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RURAL 
Cultivator 
% of household owned assets: 100.0% 
Average 
value of assets 
(Rs.'000): 4727 
Non-Cultivator 
% of household owned assets: 99.9% 
Average value of assets (Rs.'000): 1529 
URBAN 
Self-Employed 
% of household owned assets:100.0% 
Average value of assets (Rs.'000): 6797 
Others 
% of household owned assets: 99.8% 
Average value of assets (Rs.'000): 4159 
A5. AVA (Rs. â000) by quintile class of household consumer expenditure 
 
           Q1 
Rural 
         Q2 
         Q3 
          Q4 
           Q5 
1885 
2534 
3220 
4103 
6361 
Urban 
         Q5 
          Q4 
          Q3 
          Q2 
         Q1 
2038 
2796 
4275 
5063 
9281

ix 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rural 
Kerala 
IOI 
58.8% 
AODL 
378.62 
AOD 
221.61 
Urban 
Kerala 
IOI 
59.29% 
AODL 
505.19 
AOD 
229.54 
D1 . Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) & Average amount of Debt (AOD-Rs.000âs) 
Average amount of Debt Per Household (AODLRs.000âs) 
II.INDEBTEDNESS 
D2. Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) by occupational category of household 
ï· Cultivator:63.65% 
ï· 
Non-Cultivator:49.61%
 
ï· Self-Employed:66.85% 
ï· 
Others:57.40%
 
 
IOI 
Rural 
 
Urban

x 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
DAR(%) 
Rural-6.16 
Urban-6.40 
D3.IOI (%) by quintile class of household consumer expenditure 
Rural 
          Q1 
35.6% 
56.2% 
63.0% 
65.9% 
73.3% 
42.2% 
58.1% 
         Q2 
       Q1 
         Q3 
        Q4 
         Q5 
Rural 
         Q2 
          Q3 
         Q4 
          Q5 
65.0% 
58.7% 
72.6%                                                     D4.Debt Asset Ratio(DAR)

xi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Abbreviations Description 
 
NSO 	National Statistics Office. 
NSS 	National Sample Survey. 
DES 	Department of Economics and Statistics. 
IOI 	Incidence Of Indebtedness. 
AVA 	Average Value Of Asset. 
AOD 	Average Amount Of Debt. 
AODL 	Average Amount of Debt per Indebted household. 
AHC 	Asset Holding Class. 
DAR 	Debt-Asset Ratio. 
Hhs 	Households 
AIDIS 	All India Debt and Investment Survey 
 
EPL 	Expenditure on Purchase  of Land 
FCE 	Fixed Capital Expenditure

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Contents 
 
 
Chapter 	Page No 
1 Introduction 	01 - 06 
2 Concepts and Definitions 	07 - 14 
3 Summary of findings 	15 - 52 
3.1 Part One: Asset Holding 	17 - 26 
3.2 Part Two: Household Indebtedness 
27 - 37 
3.3 Part Three: Debt-Asset Ratio 	38 - 40 
3.4 Part Four: Capital Expenditure 	41 - 48 
3.5 Part Five: Financial Inclusion 	49 - 50 
3.6 Part Six: Inequality In Distribution 
of Assets in Kerala 
51 - 52 
Appendix 
A. List of Detailed Tables on âDebt & 
Investmentâ-Visit 1& Visit 2 
53 - 186 
B. 
Sample Design and Estimation 
Procedure 
187 - 200 
C 
Schedules that was canvassed and 
surveyed during the survey. 
201 - 227 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Chapter 1 
Introduction 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Chapter 1 
Introduction 
1.1  Introduction 
 
National Statistics Office (NSO) conducts nationwide Socio-Economic (SE) Surveys in 
the form of different rounds, each round being normally of one-year duration. Data is obtained 
through household interviews from a random sample of households selected through a 
scientific design and cover the entire geographical area of the country except the inaccessible 
islands of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.  
Department of Economics and Statistics , Kerala has been participating in National 
Sample Surveys from the very beginning with matching Samples to provide more disaggregated 
results at regional level. One of the objectives of state participation in NSS is to provide a 
mechanism by which sample size will be increased and pooling of two sets of data would enable 
better estimates at lower sub state level , particularly at district level. 
All-India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS) of the National Sample Survey is the 
primary source of information on numerous indicators of asset stock, debt incidence, capital 
formation, and other indicators of both rural and urban economies.  NSO has been conducting 
All-India Survey on Debt and Investment, periodically, since its 26
th
 round (1971-72) in both 
rural and urban areas. The survey generates basic information on assets, liabilities and capital 
expenditure in the household sector of the economy. The present All-India Debt and Investment 
Survey (AIDIS), the eighth in the AIDIS series, was carried out as part of the 77
th
 round of the 
National Sample Survey (NSS) during January to December, 2019. As a longstanding partner in 
the National Sample Surveys, the Department of Economics and Statistics, Kerala, also 
participated in the 77
th
 round survey with a matching sample size to that of the NSO. This report 
has been prepared based on state sample data  of the 77
th
 round. It provides information on 
household asset and indebtedness as on June, 2018and capital formation by the households 
during July, 2018 to June, 2019 
1.2 Genesis and objective of the survey  
Genesis 
            All-India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS) originated in the All-India Rural Credit 
Survey conducted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) during November, 1951 to August, 1952 in 
75 selected districts spread across the country. The survey aimed to study (i) the demand for 
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credit from rural families and (ii) the supply of credit by credit agencies â both institutional and 
non-institutional, in order to formulate banking policies. 
             The first Rural Credit Survey was followed by a similar survey in 1961-62 by RBI and 
the scope of the survey was extended to include capital expenditure in the household sector and 
other associated indicators of the rural economy. The second survey thus, came to be known as 
the "All-India Rural Debt and Investment Survey". 
           The responsibility of conducting the third survey was given to NSSO and DES Kerala 
started to participate in  the survey.  It undertook the covering both rural and urban areas of the 
State, in its 26th round (1971-72), 37th round (1981-82), 48th round (1992), 59th round (2003) 
and 70th round (2013) prior to 77th round (2019). 
1.3 Objective 
             The objective of the AIDIS is to obtain quantitative information on the stock of assets, 
incidence of indebtedness, capital formation and other indicators for the rural/urban economy  of 
the state ,which will be of value in developing the credit structure in particular and also to obtain 
other allied information required in the field of planning and development. 
1.4 NSS 77th Round Survey 
 
           The 77th round AIDIS survey was carried out from January to December 2019. The data 
was collected from a set of randomly selected sample households through two visits to each 
household using schedule 18.2. the period of the first visit will be January-August 
2019(Duration of Eight Months) and that of second visit will be September-December 
2019(Duration of four month duration) from August to December 2019.In each visit, the 
liability position of the household was ascertained with reference to a fixed reference date which 
was the same for all sample households . The assets position of the household on the other hand 
, was ascertained only in the first visit, with reference to a fixed reference date ,viz., the 30th of 
June 2018.Broadly ,the information collected on each household were i) the assets(owned) of 
the household as on 30th June 2018, classified into physical and financial assets ii)the liabilities 
of the household as on 30th June 2018 in visit 1 and as on 30th June2019 in visit 2 iii) the 
amount of capital expenditure incurred (on all transactions) by the household during July 2018-
June 2019 on(a) residential plots, houses or buildings , (b) farm business and (c) non-farm 
business . 
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1.5 Scope and Coverage 
Geographical coverage: This survey covered all districts of the state. 
1.6 Conceptual Framework 
1.6.1 Reference  Period 
               All of the asset and liability estimates in this report are for a specific reference date, 
namely June 30, 2018. These are wholly based on the information gathered during the initial visit 
to the sample homes. The data on the survey date and the data on transactions between the 
reference date and the survey date were used to calculate the position of liabilities for sample 
households as of June 30, 2018.The estimations for the 77th round's assets and liabilities are as of 
June 30, 2018, and the average value of assets and liabilities is calculated by taking into account 
the number of households found in the visit 1 data. The important classificatory characters used 
for tabulation are occupational category of the households (cultivator/non-cultivator in rural areas 
and self-employed/others in urban areas) and household asset holding class. For these 
classificatory characters, the group in which a sample house hold belongs was determined on the 
basis of the information collected in Visit1. 
For the purpose of estimating indebtedness of the household, the following items were recorded 
inclusive of interest in both Visit1 and Visit2 
a) Amount ârepaidâ during a particular period 
b) Amount âwritten offâ during a particular period 
c) Amount  âoutstandingâ of the total loan amount as on date of survey. 
1.6.2 Sample Design 
                The sample design adopted for the survey was essentially a stratified two stage 
for both rural and urban areas. The census villages/sub-units of villages and urban UFS 
blocks/sub-units of blocks were the first stage units (FSUs) for the rural and urban sectors 
respectively, while households were the second stage sampling units (SSUs) for both the sectors. 
The selection of FSUs was done with Simple Random Sampling With out Replacement 
(SRSWOR) scheme. In AIDIS, six second stage strata (SSS) were formed both in rural and urban 
sector considering the monthly per capita consumer expenditure (MPCE) and indebtedness of 
households. The sample households from each SSS were selected by SRSWOR. 
 
 
 
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1.6.3 Sample Size 
               152 panchayath wards and  152 UFS blocks were surveyed  in rural and urban sectors 
respectively . Stratification of households was done on the basis of indebtedness of a particular 
household. For the AIDIS, from each sample  panchayath ward and urban block ,12 households 
were surveyed. The sampling design and estimation procedure is presented in Appendix - A of 
this report. 
1.7 Contents  of  the Report 
        
This document presents the results of NSS 77th round survey on Debt and Investment in 
summarized form. It contains three chapters and three appendices. Following the present 
introductory one, chapter two outlines the basic concepts & definitions and procedures followed 
in the survey along with the definitions used in this document. Summary of findings is presented 
in chapter three ; ie it summarizes major findings of the survey and discusses the salient features 
relating to assets, liability of the households as on 30.06.2018 along with the capital expenditure 
incurred during July 2018 â June 2019 by the households. The observations are mainly confined 
to estimates for rural and urban sectors. Appendix- A lists the detailed tables on Debt and 
Investment from Visit 1 and Visit 2, while Appendix-B describes the sample design and 
estimation procedure, and Appendix- C contains the schedules that were canvassed and surveyed 
during the study. 
 
 
 
 
 
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Chapter 2 
Concepts & Definition 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Chapter 2 
Concepts & Definition 
2.1 Basic Concepts 
2.1.1 Household 
 
          A group of persons normally living together and taking food from a common kitchen 
constitutes a household. It includes temporary stay-always (those whose total period of absence 
from the household is expected to be less than 6months during the survey period)but  excludes 
temporary visitors and guests (expected total period of stay less than 6 months during the survey 
period). 
2.1.2 Household Size 
The size of a household is the total number of persons in the household. 
 
2.1.3 Household Type 
             The household type, based on the means of livelihood of a household, was decided on the 
basis of the sources of the household's income during the 365 days preceding the date of survey. 
For this purpose, only the household's income(net income and not gross income)from economic 
activities was considered; but the incomes of servants and paying guests were not taken into 
account. 
 
      In rural areas, a household was classified to belong to anyone of the following six household 
types: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In urban areas each household was categorized into one of the following four groups: 
1. Self-employed 
2. Regular wage/salary 
3. Earning Casual Labor 
4. Others 
1.Self-employed in agriculture 
2.Self-employed  in non-   agriculture 
3.Regular wage/salary earning 
4.Casual   labour in agriculture 
5.Casual labour in non-agriculture 
6.Others 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
2.1.4  Occupational  Classification  of  Households 
 
The rural households are classified into two types viz ; cultivator and non-cultivator 
households using the criteria below: 
 
Cultivator households: households operating at least 0.002 hectare of 
land during the365 days preceding the date of survey; 
Non-cultivator households: households operating no land or land less 
than 0.002 hectare of land.
 
            For the urban areas, self-employed and other households are the two occupational 
categories of the households.
 
2.1.5 Household Assets 
 
             Household assets represent all that were owned by the household and had monetary 
value. This includes physical assets like land, buildings, livestock, agricultural machinery and 
implements, non-farm business equipment, all transport equipment, and financial assets like 
receivable on loans advanced in cash or in kind, shares in companies and co-operative societies, 
banks, etc; National Saving Certificates and the like deposits in companies, banks, post offices 
and with individuals. The AIDIS did not include crops standing in the fields and stock of 
commodities held by the household in the household assets 
2.1.6 Liabilities
 
         All claims against a household held by others are considered as liabilities of the household. 
Thus all loans payable by the household to others, irrespective of cash or kind are deemed as 
liabilities of the households. However, in the report, only cash loan are taken into the 
consideration to generate estimates on indebtedness .Unpaid bills of grocers, doctors , lawyers, 
etc. were also considered liabilities of the household. Different kinds of liabilities are defined 
below:
 
ï¶ Cash loans: All loans taken in cash are considered to be cash loans, irrespective of 
whether such loans were repaid or proposed to be repaid in cash or in kind. Cash 
loans, generally, covers borrowings at specific rates of interest for specific periods 
of time. However, if a loan was taken even at ânilâ rate of interest from relatives and 
friends, it was considered to be a cash loan. The loans may be taken against a 
security or without any security. Dues payable by the household owing to purchase 
of goods under a hire-purchase scheme were treated as cash loans. 
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ï¶ Kind loans: All loans taken in kind (except the cases of hire-purchase) irrespective 
of whether those were already repaid or yet to be repaid in cash or in kind are 
regarded as kind loans payable. 
2.1.7 Valuation  of Assets 
         In the first visit, information was collected on assets (owned) and liabilities as on 30th June, 
2018. The basis for valuation of assets is described below: 
(a) 
Value of land as on 30.06.2018 was reported as per their normative/guide line 
values. For buildings, valuation was done as per the market price prevailing in the 
locality. 
(b) 
Assets and liabilities of household enterprises were recorded only if the enterprise 
was fully owned by the household and not a partnership involving members of 
different households. 
(c) 
The value of the shares/debentures owned on the date of survey was evaluated as 
per the market price prevailing on the date of survey, if the shares/debentures were 
acquired before the reference date, i.e. 30.06.2018.On the other hand, if the 
shares/debentures were acquired by way of purchase or disposed of through sale 
between the reference date and the date of survey, then the purchase or sale price 
was recorded under âacquisitionâ or under âdisposalâ, as the case may be. If they 
were acquired during the reference date and the date of survey by ways other than 
purchase (as inheritance, gift, etc.) or disposed of during this period by means 
other than sale, then the market price prevailing on the date of survey was 
considered to determine value of the transaction, and (in case of acquisition) for 
valuation of the asset owned on the date of survey. 
(d) In cases where it was not possible to ascertain the prevailing market price of a 
share, the paid-up value of the shares (if acquired other than by purchase) or the 
value paid by the household (if they were purchased) was considered. 
(e) In case of certificates and annuity schemes, the amount paid at the time of 
purchase was considered and incase of deposits, the face value was considered. 
            However, for the purpose of estimation of capital formation, actual expenses incurred on 
all transactions during the reference period (i.e., between 01.07.2018 and 30.06.2019) were 
recorded separately and were collected in both visits. 
 
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A.Farm Business 
               Farm business comprised of household economic activities like cultivation, including 
cultivation of plantation and orchard crops, and processing of produce on the farm, e.g. paddy 
hulling and gur (jaggery) making. Although gur (jaggery) making is a manufacturing activity, 
this was covered under farm business only when such activity was carried out in the farm by 
indigenous method. Farm business also included activities ancillary to agriculture ,like livestock 
raising, poultry, fishing, dairy farm activities, bee keeping and other allied activities coming under 
tabulation categories A and B of the National Industrial Classification(Nic)2008. 
B  Non-Farm Business 
              Non-farm business was defined as all household economic activities other than those 
covered in the farm business. This cover manufacturing, mining & quarrying, trade, hotel 
&restaurant, transport, construction, repairing and other services. For the purpose of this survey 
,non-farm business was excluded when such activities were carried out in non-household 
enterprises. Non-farm business enterprises, which were registered under section2m(i) or 2m(ii) 
and section 85 of Factories Act, 1948 and Bidi and Cigar manufacturing establishments registered 
under Bidi and Cigar Workers (condition of employment) Act, 1966werekept outside the 
coverage of the survey. 
C.  Enterprise 
          An enterprise was defined as an undertaking which was engaged in the production and/or 
distribution of some goods and/or services meant mainly for the purpose of sale, whether fully or 
partly. An enterprise may be owned and operated by a single household or by several households 
jointly, or by an institutional body. 
a. Household Enterprise 
             A household enterprise was defined as one run by one or more members of a household 
or run jointly by two or more households on partnership basis irrespective of whether the 
enterprise was located in the premises of the household(s) or not. In other words, all proprietary 
and partnership enterprises were household enterprises. 
b. Non-Household Enterprise 
            Non-household enterprises were defined as those which were institutional, i.e., owned and 
run by the public sector (Central or State Government ,local governments ,government 
undertakings ,etc.), corporate sector, co-operative societies ,other types of societies, institutions,  
associations, trusts, etc. 
 
 
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c. Non-Agricultural Enterprises 
All the enterprises covered under NIC-2008, 2âdigit codes 05 to 99 were considered as 
non-agricultural enterprises. d. Household Asset Holding Class 
          This refers to the10 decile classes of the Rural/Urban Kerala distribution(estimated 
distribution) of households by asset holding size. In the tables, the different decile classes are 
referred to simply as 1 (lowest), 2, 3,â¦ 9, 10 (highest).The 10 household asset holding classes 
were determined separately for each sector based on visit 1 data by examining the distribution of 
sample households over the asset holding classes for Kerala. 
2.1.8 Capital Expenditure 
                  Fixed capital formation takes place by way of new purchase, construction for own use 
and improvement of physical assets which help in further production. Thus, expenditure on land 
development work, on fixed assets used in farm and non-farm business and on residential 
buildings were considered as capital expenditure. 
2.1.9 
Gini Coefficient
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
This is a measure of inequality of a distribution. It is defined as the ratio of the area 
between the Lorenz curve of the distribution and the line of equality; and the area under the 
line of equality. The Gini coefficient, should lie between 0 & 1 and is often used as a measure 
of income inequality. Here, 0 corresponds to perfect income equality (i.e. every one has the 
same income) and 1 corresponds to perfect income inequality (i.e. one person has all the 
income, while everyone else has zero income). The Gini coefficient can also be used to 
measure wealth inequality (Income distribution).
 
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Chapter 3  
Summary of   Findings 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Chapter 3  
Summary of   Findings 
 
3.0 Introduction
 
This chapter discusses the findings of the survey on Debt and Investment conducted by the 
Department of Economics and Statistics (DES) as part of the 77th round of the National Sample 
Survey (NSS) during JanuaryâDecember 2019. It covers estimates of key indicators such as 
household assets and liabilities as of 30th June 2018, and capital expenditure incurred by 
households during the period from July 2018 to June 2019. 
The indicators presented in this chapter are mainly confined to state level estimates. This chapter is 
arranged in the following sections:
 
Part One: Asset holdings 
Part Two: Household indebtedness 
Part Three: Debt-Asset ratio 
Part Four: Capital Expenditure 
Part Five: Financial Inclusion 
Part  Six: Inequality in distribution of Assets 
 
Part One : Asset Holdings 
3.1.1 Average Asset Holdings 
      
In the 77th round of the Debt and Investment survey, information was gathered on the material 
and monetary assets that households possessed as of June 30, 2018. Land, buildings, cattle, 
agricultural tools and machinery, non-farm business equipment, and transport equipment were all 
regarded as physical assets, whilst shares, deposits, and other financial assets such as cash and 
kind receivables were regarded as financial assets. The holdings of the households' assets are 
made up of all of these assets.
 
 
 
 
 
ï¶ 
All belongings of the household that have monetary value are considered as 
              Assets of the household. These are classified into Physical or Financial assets
. 
ï¶ 
Average value of all the physical and financial assets owned per households is considered  
as Average Value of Assets(AVA)
.
 
 
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Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
 The percentage of household ownership and average asset value (AVA) in Kerala  are 
shown in Table 1.1 below. The table reveals that- in Kerala, 99.9% of households own the assets 
and the average value of Asset per household is 41 lakhs. 
Table 1.1: Average Value of Assets (AVA-000âRs.) as on  30.06.2018
 
 
Ref : Tables 1.4,1.10 of  Appendix- A 
Average Asset Holdings By Occupational Category of The Households 
 
Two different classifications have been used for rural and urban areas for identifying the 
occupational category of a household. 
Categories of rural households: The households in the rural sector are broadly classified as 
cultivator and non-cultivator households as explained below. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Categories of urban households: Depending upon its major source of income during the last 
365 days, each urban household is categorized into one of the four household types: self-
Indicator
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Households owning assets (%)
 
100.0
 
99.8
 99.9 
AVA (000âRs.)per household
 
3621
 
4689
 
4132
 
Cultivator: All household shaving operated area 
of land 0.002 hectares or more during the last 
365 days preceding the date of 
survey 
Non-cultivator: Remaining households
 
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
employed, regular wage/salary earning, casual labour and others. The urban households are 
further classified into two occupational categories as defined below: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Figure 3.1 presents the distribution of households by occupational category in rural and urban 
Kerala. In rural areas, 35% of households are cultivators, while the remaining 65% fall under non-
cultivators. In urban areas, 20% of households are self-employed, with the rest categorized as 
"others," which includes regular wage or salary earners, casual laborers, and other forms of 
employment. 
 
Figure 3.1. Percentage of households by occupational category of the households 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Figure 3.1 
 
                            Self-employed 
 
Other: The broad category 'other' 
comprises households with household 
type regular wage/salary earning, casual 
labour and others 
URBAN HOUSEHOLDS 
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Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Percentage of households owning assets and average asset holdings per household are presented 
in Table 1.2 for each occupational category in rural and urban sectors of Kerala 
Table 1.2 : Percentage of households owning assets, Average value of Assets 
(AVA-000âRs.) per household as on 30.06.2018 by occupational category of the 
household
 
Occupational
 
Category of the households
 
% of  households owning 
asset
 
AVA per 
household 
(000'Rs.)
 
  Rural
 
Cultivator
 
1000
 
4727
 
Non-cultivator
 
99.9
 
1529
 
All
 
100.0
 
3621
 
                                        Urban
 
Self-employed
 
100
 
6797
 
Others
 
99.8
 
4159
 
All
 
99.8
 
4689
 
 
Ref : Tables 1.5 ,1.9CR, 1.9CU of Appendix- A 
 
            The table presents data on the percentage of households owning assets and the average 
value of assets (AVA) per household as of June 30, 2018, categorized by occupation in rural and 
urban areas. In rural areas, cultivators have full asset ownership (100%) with a significantly 
higher AVA per household (â¹4,7.27 lakh) compared to non-cultivators, who also have near-
complete ownership (99.9%) but a much lower AVA (â¹15.29lakh). Overall, rural households 
exhibit full asset ownership, with an average AVA of â¹36.21lakh. In urban areas, 100% of self-
employed households own assets, with a substantially higher AVA of â¹67.97 lakh compared to 
others, who have 99.8% ownership and an AVA of â¹41.59lakh. The average AVA for all urban 
households is â¹46.89 lakh, reflecting higher asset values among the self-employed. This indicates 
a notable rural-urban disparity, with urban self-employed households holding the highest asset 
values. 
3.1.2 Average Asset Holdings By  Social Group 
 The estimated average value of assets along with the percentage of households owning 
assets by social group of the households, separately for rural and urban areas are given in Table 
1.3. The table provides data on the percentage of households owning assets and the average value 
of assets (AVA) per household as of June 30, 2018, across social groups in rural, urban, and 
combined areas. All social groups show near-total asset ownership, with slight variations, such as 
99% among OBC households in both rural and urban areas. In terms of AVA, âOthersâ have the 
highest asset values, with â¹54.28 lakh in rural areas and â¹73.40 lakh in urban areas, resulting in a 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
combined AVA of â¹62.43 lakh. Scheduled Tribes (ST) show a significant rural-urban disparity, 
with a rural AVA of â¹24.05 lakh and a much higher urban AVA of â¹71.98 lakh, while Scheduled 
Castes (SC) have the lowest AVA in both rural and urban settings, at â¹15.77 lakh and â¹21.77 
lakh, respectively. OBCs fall in between, with a combined AVA of â¹35.05 lakh. Overall, urban 
households tend to have higher AVAs than their rural counterparts, reflecting the greater 
economic value of urban assets across all social groups. 
Table  1.3 :Average Value of Assets (AVA-000âRs.) as on30.06.2018
 
 
Ref : Tables 1.10, 1.6 of Appendix- A 
 
3.1.4 Average  Value Of Asset Across âDecileâ Classes  Of  Household  Asset 
Holding 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             The estimated average value of assets for different decile classes of household asset 
holding, separately for rural and urban areas is shown in in Table 1.4 and the rural-urban 
differences are depicted in Figure 3.2.The table presents the average value of assets (AVA) 
across decile classes of asset holding as of June 30, 2018, for rural, urban, and combined 
households. The AVA increases progressively across the decile classes, showing a clear pattern 
of wealth concentration in higher deciles. In rural areas, the AVA ranges from â¹1.15 lakh in the 
lowest decile (1st) to â¹145.73 lakh in the highest decile (10th), while in urban areas, it ranges 
from â¹0.24 lakh in the 1st decile to â¹250.49 lakh in the 10th. The combined AVA also shows a 
Social 
Group
 
Households owning assets (%)
 
AVA (000âRs.) per household
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Schedule 
Caste(SC)
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
1577
 
2177
 
1815
 
Schedule 
Tribe (ST)
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
100.0
 
2405
 
7198
 
2761
 
Other 
Backward 
Classes(OBC)
 
99.0
 
99.0
 
99.9
 
3029
 
3923
 
3505
 
Others
 
100.0
 
99.6
 
99.8
 
5428
 
7340
 
6243
 
All
 
100.0
 
99.8
 
99.9
 
3621
 
4689
 
4132
 
ï¶ Decile class of household asset holding: If all rural/urban households in Kerala were ranked 
by value of asset holdings, the bottom 10% of the households may be referred to as the 
lowest decile class, the next 10% as the second decile class, and so on up to the top 10% 
which is called the tenth or top decile class. Decile classes are defined separately for rural 
and urban households  
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
steep rise, with â¹0.71 lakh in the lowest decile and â¹195.80 lakh in the highest. The substantial 
gap between urban and rural households in the upper deciles highlights a significant urban-rural 
disparity, with urban households in the top deciles holding far greater asset values. Overall, the 
average value of assets for all households is â¹36.21 lakh in rural areas, â¹46.89 lakh in urban 
areas, and â¹41.32 lakh for the combined total. 
 
Table1.4: Average value of Assets (AVA-000'Rs.) by decile  class of asset holding 
as on 30.06.2018 
 
 
Ref : Table 1.4 of Appendix âA 
Fig:3.2: Average Value of Assets(Rs.â000) by  decile class of  asset holding as on 30.06.2018 
 
 
 
 
 
3
.
1.5 Composition Of Household Asset Holdings 
          
Information on value of assets: physical or financial, was collected in respect of various items 
constituting the assets. Table 1.5shows the break-up of different components of assets in the total 
value of assets for each occupational categories of rural and urban Kerala. 
 
Household asset 
holding class (AHC) 
Average value of Assets (000'Rs.) 
Rural Urban Combined 
1 	115 24 71 
2 	584 430 510 
3 	942 926 935 
4 	1347 1378 1362 
5 	1882 1942 1911 
6 	2491 2599 2542 
7 	3257 3418 3334 
8 	4427 4425 4426 
9 	6565 6734 6646 
10 	14573 25049 19580 
All 	3621 4689 4132 
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Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 1.5: Break-up of different components of assets(%)in the total value of assets 
for each occupational category of households as on 30.06.2018:Kerala
 
Table 1.5: Break-up of different components of assets (%) in the total value of 
assets for each occupational category of households as on 30.06.2018
 
 
Include NSC, Kisan Vikas Patra (KVP), saving bonds, post office deposits, other small savings 
schemes, etc. deposits with bank, non-banking companies, MFI, SHG, PF etc., insurance excl. 
bullion and ornaments 
Ref :Table 1.11R , 1.11U of Appendix -A.  
Figure 3.3 illustrates the breakdown of various asset components as of June 30, 
2018, in the total asset value at the state level for both rural and urban households. In 
Kerala, land and buildings together make up the largest portion of household assets, 
contributing the most significant share to the overall asset distribution. 
 
 
Category 
of Assets
 
Rural 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Cultivator 
 Non Cultivator 
All 
   Self-employed 
 
Others 
 
All 
Land
 64.9 48.36 62.47 64.34 67.12 66.32 64.56 
Building
 27.40 40.57 29.32 22.65 24.64 24.07 26.47 
Livestock 
&poultry
 
0.16 0.09 0.15 0.12 0.05 0.07 0.10 
Agricultural  
machinery & 
equipment
 
0.05 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 
Non-farm
 
Business   
equipment
 
0.15 0.47 0.19 0.62 0.07    0.23 0.21 
Transport  
equipment
 
2.60 4.42 2.9 5.07 2.48    3.24 3.08 
Deposits*etc
 4.67 6.03 4.87 7.1 5.5    5.96 5.46 
Shares etc.
 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.06 
All
 100.0 	100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
Fig3.3: Break-up of different component of assets (in percentage) of Kerala 
 
 
3.1.6 Possession of Land By  âDecileâ Class of Household Asset Holding 
         
Proportion of households reporting possession of land along with the average area of rural 
and urban land possessed by each household asset holding class as on 30.06.2018 ,separately for 
rural and urban households is presented in the Table1.6, Table1.7, Table1.8. In rural areas, land 
possession is nearly universal among wealthier households, with 99.7% of top decile 
households owning an average of 1.309 hectares, while lower AHCs, such as the 1st decile, 
report significantly smaller holdings (27.1% ownership with 0.006 hectares). Urban land 
ownership among rural households is minimal, concentrated mostly in the top AHCs. In urban 
areas, rural land ownership is sparse, with only 26% of the wealthiest households holding rural 
land, but urban land ownership rises sharply with wealth, peaking at 98.8% in the top decile 
with 0.207 hectares on average. Combined data shows that rural land ownership increases with 
wealth, with 64.5% of top decile households owning 1.779 hectares, while urban land 
ownership is similarly skewed, with 49% of top decile households holding 0.101 hectares. 
Overall, 51.2% of households in Kerala own rural land, averaging 0.157 hectares, while 39.1% 
own urban land, averaging 0.037 hectares, highlighting the strong correlation between wealth 
and land ownership across both regions. 
 
 
24

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
 
 
Table 1.6: Percentage of households  reporting  possession  of  land  &  average land per 
household as on 30.06.2018 by household Asset Holding Class (AHC)in Rural Kerala. 
 
Ref : Table 1.15 of Appendix-A 
Table1.7: Percentage of households  reporting  possession  of  land  &  average land per 
households as on 30.06.2018 by household Asset Holding Class (AHC) in Urban Kerala 
 
Ref. Table 1.15 of Appendix â A 
 
                                                                    Rural
 
AHC 
Rural land
 
Urban land
 
% of households 
reported
 
Average area of 
land per household
 
(hectares)
 
% of households 
reported
 
Average area of land 
per household
 
(hectares)
 
1
 
27.1
 
0.006
 0 0 
2
 
84.6
 
0.036
 0 0 
3
 99.4 
0.046
 0.6 0 
4
 97.0 
0.235
 0.2 0 
5
 99.7 
0.095
 0.3 0 
6
 100 
0.226
 	0 	0 
7
 98.9 
0.156
 1.1 0.001 
8
 98.9 
0.226
 	1.1 	0.001 
9
 99.9 
0.444
 1.6 0.001 
10
 99.7 
1.309
 3.4 0.004 
All
 90.5 
0.278
 0.8 0.001 
Urban 
AHC 
Rural land Urban land 
% of households 
reported 
Average area of 
land per household 
(hectares) 
% of households 
reported 
Average area of land 
per household 
(hectares) 
1 0 0 0.1 0 
2 5.3 0.001 49.8 0.023 
3 10.9 0.004 82.7 0.024 
4 3.8 0.001 95.2 0.09 
5 3.5 0.004 93.4 0.049 
6 4.1 0.003 98.7 0.05 
7 6.6 0.007 95 0.044 
8 12 0.012 95.4 0.069 
9 12.1 0.018 98.5 0.217 
10 26 0.201 98.8 0.207 
All 8.4 0.025 80.7 0.077 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
 
 
 
Table 1.8: Percentage of households  reporting  possession  of  land  &  average land 
per household ason30.06.2018by household Asset Holding Class(AHC) 
 
 
Ref: Table 1.15 of Appendix -A
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined 
AHC 
Rural land Urban land 
% of households 
reported 
Average area of 
land per household 
(hectares) 
%of households 
reported 
Average area of land 
per household 
(hectares) 
1 14.1 0.003 0 0 
2 46.6 0.02 23.8 0.011 
3 56.9 0.026 40.1 0.011 
4 52.3 0.123 45.8 0.043 
5 53.8 0.051 44.8 0.023 
6 54.0 0.119 47.3 0.024 
7 54.8 0.085 46.0 0.021 
8 57.2 0.124 46.3 0.033 
9 57.8 0.24 48.1 0.105 
10 64.5 1.779 49.0 0.101 
All 51.2 0.157 39.1 0.037 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
 
 
 3.2 Part Two: Household Indebtedness 
 
In this survey, a household was considered to be indebted if the 
 household had any cash loan out standing as on30.06.2018. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Table1.9  presents the Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI), Average amount of Debt (AOD) 
per household and AOD per indebted household (AODL)as on30.06.2018 by different asset 
holding class separately for rural & urban households. The data shows that as AHC 
increases, both IOI and AOD rise across all areas, with the highest indebtedness seen in the 
higher asset classes. The AODL, which represents the debt burden on indebted households, 
also significantly increases, especially in urban areas where it peaks at 1306.07 for the 
highest AHC, compared to 907.97 in rural and 1086.2 in combined areas. Overall, 
indebtedness is prevalent across asset classes, with rural areas having slightly lower AOD 
and AODL compared to urban households. This suggests a trend where wealthier 
households carry more debt, but the relative burden of this debt is greater in urban regions. 
 
 
 
The percentage of the indebted households is regarded as Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI)
 
 
Average amount of cash dues as on 30.06.2018 per household is termed as 
Average amount of Debt (AOD). 
 
AOD per indebted household is termed as  
Average amount of Debt per Indebted Household (AODL). 
 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 1.9: Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI),Average amount  of  Debt (AOD) per household 
and AOD per indebted household (AODL) as on 30.06.2018 by different Asset Holding 
Class(AHC) 
AHC 
Rural Urban Combined 
IOI (%) 
AOD (000âs) 
AODL (000âs) 
IOI (%) 
AOD (000âs) 
AODL (000âs) 
IOI (%) 
AOD (000âs) 
AODL (000âs) 
1 28.40 61.00 214.79 40.40 74.31 183.94 34.10 67.37 197.57 
2 47.52 90.54 190.53 49.60 112.79 227.4 48.50 101.18 208.62 
3 69.51 121.97 175.47 62.30 186.96 300.1 66.00 153.19 232.11 
4 56.57 169.32 299.31 70.60 202.08 286.23 63.30 185.03 292.31 
5 58.46 159.39 272.65 65.70 217.95 331.74 61.90 187.34 302.65 
6 65.86 199.06 302.25 65.00 221.81 341.25 65.46 209.99 320.79 
7 72.20 283.84 393.13 59.10 326.83 553.01 65.50 304.40 464.73 
8 67.19 269.77 401.5 62.70 424.27 676.67 65.00 343.80 528.92 
9 60.58 309.32 510.6 62.20 508.59 817.67 61.40 404.79 659.27 
10 61.82 561.31 907.97 55.20 720.95 
1306.0
7 
58.70 637.60 1086.2 
All 58.80 222.61 378.59 59.29 299.54 505.19 59.00 259.44 439.73 
 
Ref: Table No.1.4 of   Appendix- A 
 
3.2.1 IOI &  AOD By Occupational Category of Households 
          Table 2.0 provides insights into the incidence of indebtedness (IOI), average amount of debt 
(AOD), and AOD per indebted household (AODL) for rural and urban households in Kerala as of 
30.06.2018, categorized by occupational groups. In rural areas, 'Cultivators' exhibit a higher IOI 
(63.65%) compared to 'Non-Cultivators' (49.61%), with greater AOD (â¹2.71 lakh) and AODL (â¹4.26 
lakh). This suggests that cultivators in rural Kerala face a larger debt burden. In urban areas, the 
'Self-employed' group shows the highest IOI (66.85%), AOD (â¹4.38 lakh), and AODL (â¹6.56 lakh), 
indicating significant indebtedness among urban self-employed households. Overall, urban 
households have higher debt amounts per household, and the self-employed category is particularly 
impacted. 
 
 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
Table 2.0: IOI, AOD & AODL as on 30.06.2018 by Occupational Category of Rural & Urban 
Households.
 
 
Ref: Table1.5  of Appendix âA 
 
 The Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) and the percentage distribution of the amount of 
outstanding debt as of 30.06.2018 by occupational category of households for rural and urban 
Kerala are shown in Figures 3.4R and 3.4U. In rural areas, approximately 80% of the outstanding 
debt is attributed to cultivators. In urban areas, the distribution of debt between the self-employed 
and others is 29% and 71%, respectively. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2.2   IOI & AOD By Social Group 
Table 2.1 shows the Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) and Average amount of Debt(AOD) per 
household as on 30.06.2018 for households of different social groups in rural and urban Kerala. 
 
 
 
 
Occupational Category of 
household 
IOI (%) AOD (Rs.000âs) 
AODL 
(Rs.000âs) 
Rural 
Cultivator 63.65 271.14 425.97 
Non-Cultivator 49.61 130.86 263.76 
All 	58.80 222.61 378.62 
Urban 
Self-employed 66.85 438.36 655.69 
Others 57.40 264.62 461.06 
All 59.29 299.54 505.19 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 2.1: IOI and AOD by Social Groups as on 30.06.2018 of rural and urban 
households. 
 
Social Group
 
IOI (%) 
AOD per household (Rs.000âs)
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Schedule 
Tribe (ST)
 
61.8
 
59.7
 60.9 135.59 231.36 173.55 
Schedule Caste 
(SC)
 
48.0
 
42.5
 47.6 93.38 
140.33 
 
96.87 
Other 
Backward 
Classes (OBC)
 
60.8
 
60.0
 60.4 222.20 297.50 262.33 
Others
 
55.8
 
57.7
 56.6 268.27 327.18 293.38 
All
 
58.8
 
59.3
 59.0 222.61 299.54 259.44 
 
Ref: Table No.1.6 of Appendix - A 
The Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) and its percentage distribution on 30.06.2018 by social group 
of households for rural and urban Kerala is shown in Figures 3.5 
Fig 3.5 IOI and AOD by Social Groups as on 30.06.2018 of rural and urban households 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 Table 2.1 and figure 3.5 present the Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) and the Average 
Amount of Debt (AOD) per household across different social groups in rural, urban, and 
combined households in Kerala as of 30.06.2018. The IOI is relatively consistent across all 
social groups, with the highest IOI among Scheduled Tribes (ST) at 60.9% in the combined 
category, followed closely by Other Backward Classes (OBC) at 60.4%. In terms of debt, the 
AOD per household is highest among the 'Others' group, at â¹293.38 thousand in the 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
combined category, and lowest among the Scheduled Castes (SC), at â¹96.87 thousand. The 
data shows a clear disparity in debt levels, with ST and SC households holding less debt 
compared to OBC and 'Others', especially in urban areas where debt levels are higher across 
all groups. 
3.2.3  IOI by type of Credit agency 
                 Table 2.2 shows the percentage of indebted households as on 30.06.2018 by asset 
holding class(AHC)for institutional and non-institutional credit agencies.The analysis of the 
Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) by type of credit agency reveals that wealthier households, 
indicated by higher Asset Holding Classes (AHC), exhibit greater engagement with institutional 
credit, with the IOI rising from 29.7% in the lowest asset class to 61.8% in the highest. While 
non-institutional credit also increases with asset holding, the growth is less significant, ranging 
from 11.9% to 20.1%. Overall, higher asset holding classes show a higher incidence of 
indebtedness, with institutional credit being the predominant source for more affluent households. 
Table 2.2: Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) to Institutional and Non- Institutional 
Credit Agencies as on 30.06.2018 by household Asset Holding Class (AHC) 
 
AHC 
IOI (%) 
Rural Urban Combined 
Institutional 
Non- 
institutional 
All 
Institutional 
Non- 
institutional 
All 
Institutional 
Non- 
institutional 
All 
1 23.9 13.4 28.4 36.1 10.3 40.4 29.7 11.9 34.1 
2 43.9 12.0 47.5 46.0 16.4 49.6 44.9 14.1 48.5 
3 62.5 16.3 69.5 60.0 20.9 62.3 61.3 18.5 66.0 
4 52.8 13.6 56.6 63.6 20.3 70.6 58.0 16.8 63.3 
5 51.0 22.7 58.5 60.7 14.2 65.7 55.6 18.6 61.9 
6 61.1 18.6 65.9 57.4 15.6 65.0 59.3 17.1 65.5 
7 65.5 27.7 72.2 54.7 11.7 59.1 60.3 20.1 65.9 
8 63.6 19.7 67.2 59.9 14.6 62.7 61.8 17.3 65.0 
9 56.2 15.1 60.6 59.2 106 62.2 57.7 12.9 61.4 
10 54.5 19.8 61.8 51.5 12.5 55.2 53.0 16.3 58.7 
All 53.5 17.9 58.8 54.9 14.7 59.3 54.2 16.4 59.0 
 
Note: 1. Institutional Credit Agencies include Banks, Co-operative Societies, Insurance Companies, 
PFs, Employer, Financial co-operation/Institution; Non-banking Financial Companies, Bank linked 
and non-bank linked Self Help Groups/Joint Liability Groups, Other Institutional Agencies. 2.Non-
institutional Credit Agencies include landlord, agricultural moneylender, professional moneylender, 
input supplier, relatives and friends, Chit Fund,  Market  Commission  Agent/Traders, Others
. 
Ref: 2.12 of Appendix-A
                    
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Table 2.3 shows the Incidence of Indebtedness and outstanding Cash debt (%) as on30.06.2018, 
by occupational category of household for institutional and non-institutional credit agencies. 
 
Table 2.3: Incidence of indebtedness (IOI) and outstanding cash debt (%) by credit 
agencies and occupational category of households as on 30.06.2018.
 
 
 
Ref:  Table 2.8 of Appendix-A 
*Due to rounding off to one decimal place  
 
3.2.3 Cash debt by occupational category of household and Credit agency  
Table 2.4, Table 2.5 shows the percentage distribution of total cash debt as on 
30.06.2018bytypeofcreditagency (Institutional &Non-Institutional)for rural and urban areas for 
each occupational category of household. The table shows the percentage distribution of 
outstanding cash debt by credit agency type (Institutional) across different occupational categories 
as of June 30, 2018. For rural areas, cultivators' debt is predominantly with scheduled commercial 
banks (50.0%) and co-operative banks (19.3%), while non-cultivators have a significant portion 
of their debt with scheduled commercial banks (34.0%) and co-operative banks (26.5%). In urban 
areas, self-employed individuals also predominantly owe to scheduled commercial banks (39.5%) 
Occupation
al category  
of the 
households
 
Institutional
 
Non-
Institutional
 
All
 
IOI 
(%)
 
Cash 
debt 
(%) 
IOI 
(%)
 
Cash 
debt  
(%) 
IOI 
(%)
 
Cash 
debt     
(%) 
Rural
 
Cultivator 58.1 88.2 19.7 11.8 63.7 100.0 
Non-cultivator 44.7 85.7 14.5 14.3 49.6 100.0 
All 53.5 87.7 17.9 12.3 58.8 100.0 
                                                               Urban
 
Self-employed 62.7 83.9 17.9 16.1 66.8 100.0 
Others 53.0 89.4 13.9 10.6 57.4 100.0 
All 54.9 87.8 14.7 12.2 59.3 100.0 
 
All 54.2 87.7 16.4 12.3 59.0 100.0* 
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and co-operative banks (20.9Other institutional sources such as co-operative societies and 
insurance companies play a minor role in both rural and urban settings. Overall, scheduled 
commercial banks and co-operative banks are the primary sources of institutional outstanding 
cash debt across all occupational categories. 
Table 2.4
: Percentage distribution of amount of outstanding cash debt as on 
30.06.2018 by credit agency type (Institutional) across occupational category of 
household.
 
 
 
Credit agency 
% distribution of outstanding cash debt 
Rural Urban 
Cultivator 
Non-
cultivator 
All Self-employed Others All 
Scheduled 
Commercial bank 
50.0 34.0 46.8 39.5 45.6 43.8 
Regional rural bank 2.1 3.0 2.3 1.3 2.7 2.3 
Co-operative Society 6.0 12.1 7.2 2.8 6.3 5.3 
Co-operative bank 19.3 26.5 20.8 20.9 21.7 21.4 
Insurance companies 0.2 1.6 0.5 0 1.8 1.3 
Provident fund 0.1 0 0.1 0 0.3 0.2 
Employer 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.2 
Financial 
institution 
4.5 3.5 4.3 5.4 4.5 4.8 
NBFCs 
Including MFIs 
1.6 2.8 1.9 5.2 3.8 4.2 
Bank linked 
SHG/JLG 
1.8 0.9 1.6 0.9 1.0 0.9 
Non-bank 
Linked SHG/JLG 
0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 
Other institutional 
agencies 
2.1 1.3 2.0 7.8 1.4 3.3 
All 
Institutional agencies 
88.2 85.7 87.7 83.9 89.4 87.8 
 
Ref: Table2.8 of Appendix- A 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 2.5
: Percentage distribution of amount of outstanding cash debt as on 
30.06.2018 by credit agency type (Non-Institutional) across occupational 
category of households. 
 
Credit agency
 
% distribution of outstanding cash debt
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Cultivator
 
Non-
Cultivator
 
All
 
Self 
Employed
 
Others
 
All
 
 
Landlord
 0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0 0 
Agricultural 
money lender
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 
Professional
 
Money lender
 
3.0 2.9 3.0 3.9 1.8 2.4 
Input
 
Supplier
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 
Relatives and 
friends
 
8.1 10.3 8.5 9.4 7.2 7.9 
Chit fund
 0.2 0.5 0.2 1.9 0.7 1.1 
Market
 
Commission 
agent/traders
 
0 0 0 0 0 0 
Others
 	0.5 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 
All Non-
 
Institutional 
agencies
 
11.8 14.3 12.3 16.1 10.6 12.2 
 
Ref: Table 2.8 of Appendix- A
 
 
 
Table 2.5 Shows details of the percentage distribution of outstanding cash debt by non-
institutional credit agencies(Non-Institutional) across different occupational categories in Kerala 
as of June 30, 2018. In rural areas, cultivatorsâ non-institutional debt is primarily owed to 
relatives and friends (8.1%) and to a lesser extent to professional moneylenders (3.0%). Non-
cultivators also show a significant portion of their debt with relatives and friends (10.3%) and 
professional moneylenders (2.9%). In urban areas, self-employed individuals' non-institutional 
debt is mainly with relatives and friends (9.4%) and professional moneylenders (3.9%), while 
others' debt is primarily with relatives and friends (7.2%). Overall, relatives and friends are the 
dominant non-institutional credit sources, with non-institutional agencies collectively accounting 
for 12.3% of outstanding cash debt in rural areas and 12.2% in urban areas. 
3.2.4 Institutional credit by Nature of Interest 
          Nature of interest and actual annual rate of interest (ROI) together largely explain the 
interest burden borne by the indebted households. There are three categories of nature of interest 
namely, interest-free, simple interest and compound interest. 
Table 2.6 
gives a comparison of 
34

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Incidence of Indebtedness (IOI) as on 30.06.2018 by nature of interest in rural and urban areas for 
institutional credit. Rural areas have a lower IOI for interest-free credit (1.1%) compared to urban 
areas (1.9%), with a combined average of 1.5%. Simple interest accounts for a significant portion 
of the IOI, with 38.4% in rural areas and 33.7% in urban areas, averaging 36.2% overall. 
Compound interest shows a lower but notable incidence, with 19.1% in rural areas and 25.3% in 
urban areas, resulting in a combined IOI of 22.1%. Overall, simple interest is the most prevalent 
type of institutional credit, while compound interest represents a smaller, but still significant, 
portion. 
Table 2.6: Incidence of   indebtedness (IOI) as on 30.06.2018 for institutional credit 
by nature of interest
 
 
Nature of 
interest
 
IOI (%) 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Interest-free
 
1.1
 1.9 	1.5 
Simple
 38.4 33.7 36.2 
Compound
 19.1 25.3 22.1 
 
Ref: Table 2.5 of  Appendix-A 
3.2.5 Cash debt by Purpose 
              One of the important aspects of loan is the purpose for which it is taken because the loans 
taken and utilized for productive purposes such as capital or current expenditure in household 
enterprises (agricultural or non-agricultural) can be expected to boost the economic activity of the 
households and ultimately promote their economic welfare. 
              Table 2.7 presents the percentage share of cash debt outstanding as on 30.06.2018 from 
different credit agencies by the purpose for which the credit had been taken. The table outlines the 
percentage distribution of outstanding cash debt by loan purpose and credit agency type in Kerala 
as of June 30, 2018. For rural areas, institutional loans are predominantly used for housing (45.5%) 
and other household expenditures (19.5%), with capital expenditure in non-farm business (5.3%) 
and education (6.0%) also notable. Non-institutional loans in rural areas are similarly allocated, 
with a focus on capital expenditure in non-farm business (12.4%) and other household 
expenditures (24.7%). In urban areas, institutional loans are again majorly directed towards 
housing (50%) and non-farm business capital expenditure (8.3%), while non-institutional loans 
also emphasize non-farm business capital expenditure (28%) and other household expenditures 
(22.3%). Combined data show that housing remains the largest expenditure category for both types 
of loans, followed by non-farm business capital expenditure and other household expenditures. 
 
35

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 2.7
: Percentage distribution of cash debt outstanding as on 30.06.2018 by 
purpose of loan for different credit agencies. 
 
Purpose of loan
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Institutional 
Non- 
institutional 
All 
Institutional 
Non-institutional 
All 
Institutional 
Non-
institutional 
All 
Capital       
expenditure 
in Farm 
business
 
3.6 0.3 3.2 1.5 0.1 1.3 2.4 0.2 2.1 
Revenue
 
expenditure 
in farm 
business
 
3.1 6.6 3.5 1.6 0.3 1.4 2.2 3.1 2.4 
Capital 
expenditure 
in non-farm
 
business
 
5.3 12.4 6.2 8.3 28 10.7 7 21 8.7 
Revenue 
expenditure 
in non-farm
 
business
 
2.1 9.9 3.1 3 7.2 3.6 2.6 8.4 3.3 
Expenditure on
 
litigation
 
0.1 0 0.1 0 0 0 0.1 0 0.1 
Repayment of 
debt
 
0.9 1.4 1 1 2 1.1 1 1.7 1 
Financial 
investment
 
expenditure
 
0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.5 0.3 1 0.4 
For education
 6 3.4 5.7 3.5 1.6 3.3 4.6 2.4 4.3 
For medical
 
treatment
 
1.4 3.8 1.7 2.2 1.6 2.1 1.8 2.6 1.9 
For housing
 45.5 28.9 43.5 50 28.5 47.4 48 28.7 45.6 
For other
 
Household 
expenditure
 
19.5 24.7 20.1 19 22.3 19.4 19.2 23.4 19.7 
Others
 12.1 8.3 11.6 9.6 6.7 9.3 10.7 7.4 10.3 
All
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 
100
 99.8* 
 
Note: 0 = no sample household reported cash loan in respect of specified purpose of loan 
*Due to rounding off  to one decimal place.  
Ref:  Table 2.16B  of Appendix-A
 
 
         
 
 
36

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
Percentage distribution of cash debt outstanding as on 30.06.2018 by purpose of loan in 
Rural, Urban is represented in Figures 3.6  & 3.7 respectively. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2% 3% 
9% 
3% 
0% 
1% 
0% 
4% 
2% 
46% 
20% 
10% 
Fig3.6: Percentage distribution of cash debt outstanding as on 30.06.2018 
by purpose of loan in Rural Kerala 
Capital expenditure in
farm business
Revenue
expenditure in farm business
Capital expenditure in non-farm
business
Revenue expenditure in non-farm
business
Expenditure on
litigation
Repayment of debt
1% 
2% 
11% 
4% 
0% 
1% 1% 
3% 
2% 
47% 
19% 
9% 
Fig 3.7:Percentage distribution of cash debt outstanding as on 30.06.2018 
by purpose of loan in Urban Kerala 
Capital expenditure in
farm business
Revenue
expenditure in farm business
Capital expenditure in non-farm
business
Revenue expenditure in non-farm
business
Expenditure on
litigation
Repayment of debt
Financial investment
expenditure
For education	For medical
treatment
For housing	For other
household expenditure
Others
37

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2 Part three : Debt Asset Ratio 
 
 
 
 
Debt to asset ratio relates to all household debts to their asset holdings. This ratio serves as 
one of the components, which gives an understanding of actual burden of debt to the 
household. 
 The Debt-Asset Ratio (DAR) is defined as the average amount of debt (AOD) outstanding 
on a given date for a group of households expressed as percentage of the average value of 
assets (AVA) owned by them on that given date. 
Table 2.8shows the  Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) along with the Average value of Assets 
(AVA) and Average amount of Debt (AOD) per household as on 30.06.2018 across different 
decile class of asset holdings for rural and urban  Kerala. 
Table 2.8
: AVA, AOD and Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) as on 30.06.2018 by different 
household Asset Holding Class (AHC)
 
 
AH
C 
Rural 	Urban 
AVA 
(000âRs.) 
AOD                       
(000âRs.) 
DAR (%) 
AVA 
(000âRs.) 
AOD 
(000âRs.) 
DAR (%) 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 	(7) 
1 114 61 53.00 24 74 308.33 
2 584 91 15.60 430 113 26.28 
3 942 122 12.95 926 187 20.19 
4 1347 169 12.55 1378 202 14.66 
5 1882 159 8.45 1942 218 11.23 
6 2491 199 7.99 2598 222 8.55 
7 3257 284 8.72 3418 327 9.57 
8 4427 270 6.10 4425 424 9.58 
9 6565 309 4.71 6734 509 7.56 
10 14573 561 3.85 25049 721 2.89 
All 3621 223 6.15 4689 300 6.40 
 
Ref: Table1.2 of Appendix-A
 
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Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
In both rural and urban areas, the DAR generally decreases as asset holding 
increases, indicating that wealthier households have a lower proportion of debt relative to 
their assets. The significant disparity in DAR between rural and urban households, 
particularly in lower asset classes, suggests that urban households may be more leveraged 
or have higher asset valuations compared to their rural counterparts. This disparity 
narrows as asset holding increases, but urban households consistently maintain a lower 
DAR across all AHCs compared to rural households. The overall combined DAR is also lower 
in urban areas (6.40%) compared to rural areas (6.62%), reflecting this trend.
 AVA, AOD and 
Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) as on 30.06.2018 in Kerala (State Sample) and All-India have been 
represented in Table 2.9. 
 
Table 2.9: AVA, AOD  and Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) of Kerala & All-India as 
on 30.06.2018
 
 
 
Rural 	Urban 
AVA 
(000'Rs) 
AOD 
(000'Rs) 
DAR 
(%) 
AVA 
(000'Rs) 
AOD 
(000'Rs) 
DAR 
(%) 
Kerala 3621 223 
 
 
 
4689     300 6.40 
All-India 1,592 60 3.8 2,717 120 4.4 
 
Figure  3.11 shows distribution of AVA, AOD, DAR in both Rural and Urban Areas of Kerala 
as on 30.06.2018 
 
 
In rural areas, Kerala's AVA is significantly higher at â¹36.21 lakh, compared to the All-India 
average of â¹15.92 lakh, and its AOD is also higher at â¹2.23 lakh versus â¹6 lakh. Consequently, Kerala's 
39

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
DAR is higher at 6.15% compared to 3.8% for All-India. In urban areas, Kerala also shows a higher AVA at 
â¹46.89 lakh and a higher AOD at â¹30 lakh compared to the All-India averages of â¹27.17 lakh and â¹1.20 
lakh, respectively. The DAR in urban Kerala is 6.40%, which is higher than the All-India DAR of 4.4%. 
 
3.3.1 Debt-Asset Ratio by Social Group 
Table 3.0shows the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) along with the AVA and AOD per household 
as on 30.06.2018 for different Social Groups in rural, urban areas of Kerala (Combined). 
Table 3.0: AVA, AOD and Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) as on 30.06.2018 by 
Social Groups 
 
Social 
Group 
Rural Urban Combined 
AVA 
(000âRs.) 
AOD 
(000âRs.) 
DAR 
(%) 
AVA 
(000âRs.) 
AOD 
(000âRs) 
DAR 
(%) 
AVA 
(000âRs.) 
AOD 
(000âRs.) 
DAR 
(%) 
Schedule 
Tribe (ST) 
2405 93 3.9 7199 1403 1.9 2762 9687 3.5 
Schedule 
Caste (SC) 
1578 1356 8.6 2177 2313 10.6 1816 1735 9.6 
Other 
Backward 
Classes 
(OBC) 
3030 2222 7.3 3924 2975 7.6 3506 2623 7.5 
Others 5429 2683 4.9 7341 3272 4.5 6244 2934 4.7 
All 3621 222611 6.15 4689 299538 6.4 4132 259443 6.3 
 
Ref: Table 1.11R, 1.12 of Appendix-A 
 
     The table shows that, as of June 30, 2018, Schedule Tribes (ST) have the lowest Debt to Asset 
Ratio (DAR) among social groups, with 3.9% in rural areas and 1.9% in urban areas, resulting in 
a combined DAR of 3.5%. Schedule Castes (SC) face the highest debt burden, with a DAR of 
8.6% in rural areas and 10.6% in urban areas, and a combined DAR of 9.6%. Other Backward 
Classes (OBC) have a moderate DAR of 7.3% in rural and 7.6% in urban areas, combining for 
7.5%. The "Others" category, which includes individuals outside the specific social groups, has a 
DAR of 4.9% in rural areas and 4.5% in urban areas, with a combined DAR of 4.7%. Overall, SC 
households have the highest debt burden relative to their assets, while ST households have the 
lowest across both rural and urban settings. 
 
 
40

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
3.4 Part four : Capital expenditure 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3.4.1 Capital Expenditure: 
              Capital expenditure of a household includes expenditure  in cash and/or in 
kind that has been incurred for new purchase, construction, addition, major repairs 
and alterations and improvement of physical assets. All expenditure on physical 
assets, except for purchase of land are considered to be Fixed Capital Expenditure 
.Expenditure on purchase of  land  includes  (a)  expenditure  for  purchase  of 
residential plots (b) purchase of land and land rights for farm business and  (c) 
purchase of land for non-farm business. 
 
3.4.2 Fixed Capital Expenditure and Expenditure on Purchase of Land 
              The percentage of households reported Fixed Capital Expenditure (FCE) and 
Expenditure on Purchase of Land (EPL) along with average amount of Fixed Capital 
Expenditure (FCE) and Expenditure on Purchase of Land (EPL) during 01.07.2018 
to 30.06.2019 for rural, urban and Kerala (Combined) by household asset holding 
class is presented in Statements 3.1R, 3.1U & 3.1C. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
41

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 3.1 R  : Percentage of Households reported FCE &EPL and average values (Rs.) of 
FCE & EPL  per household by household asset holding class(AHC) during 01.07.18 to 
30.06.2019 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note:*=no sample households  reported  expenditure on purchase of land in respect of particular 
asset holding class :  
Ref:  Table1.22 VISIT 2 of Appendix-A 
          Table 3.1R shows that less than 25% of rural households incurred Fixed Capital 
Expenditure between July 1, 2018, and June 30, 2019, with the average expenditure per 
rural household amounting to â¹25,675. Additionally, it indicates that less than 1% of 
rural households had expenditures on the Purchase of Land during the same period, 
with the average expenditure per household being â¹2,882. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AHC 
FCE
 
EPL
 
% of 
households
 
reported
 
Average 
amount per 
household
 
(Rs)
 
% of 
households
 
Reported
 
Average 
amount per
 
Household (Rs)
 
Rural
 
1
 9.0 1495 0* 172 
2
 19.5 1478 0.3 1660 
3
 26.8 8270 0.7 5083 
4
 27.8 19540 0* 0* 
5
 30.6 58205 0* 0* 
6
 24.3 8537 1.1 3491 
7
 34.6 24511 0.4 713 
8
 26.4 13778 0* 0* 
9
 23.5 19864 0.9 2843 
10
 25.9 101642 1.6 14863 
All
 24.9 25765 0.5 2882 
42

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 3.1 U:
 Percentage of Households reported FCE & EPL and average values (Rs) of FCE & 
EPL  per household by household asset holding class (AHC) during 01.07.18 to 30.06.2019. 
 
Note:*=no sample household reported expenditure on purchase of land in respect of particular asset 
holding class  : Ref: Table1.22 VISIT 2 of Appendix- A 
 Table 3.1U shows that less than 10% of rural households incurred Fixed Capital 
Expenditure between July 1, 2018, and June 30, 2019, with an average expenditure 
of â¹16,326 per household. Additionally, less than 1.5% of urban households had 
expenditures on the Purchase of Land during the same period, with the average 
expenditure per household amounting to â¹18,887. 
Table 3.1 C:
 Percentage  of  Households  reported FCE & EPL  and  average   value (Rs) 
of FCE & EPL  per household  by  household  asset  holding  class (AHC)  during  01.07.18  
to  30.06.2019.
 
AHC 
FCE EPL 
% of 
households 
reported 
Average amount 
per household 
(Rs) 
% of 
households 
reported 
Average amount 
per household (Rs) 
Combined 
1 5.6 2159 0.4 1543 
2 13.1 6207 0.1 865 
3 23.4 10603 1.7 7966 
4 22.3 21420 0.5 2322 
5 18.6 31888 0.1 589 
6 17.3 7745 0.7 2773 
7 21.4 19968 0.2 372 
8 19.2 16681 2.1 47116 
9 16.9 17493 0.8 5603 
10 19.2 78309 1.7 35888 
All 17.7 21246 0.8 10545 
 
Ref: Table1.22  VISIT 2 of Appendix- A
 
AHC 
FCE EPL 
% of 
households 
reported 
Average amount 
per household 
(Rs.) 
% of 
households 
reported 
Average amount 
per household 
(Rs.) 
URBAN 
1 1.8 2882 0.8 3037 
2 6.2 11351 0 0 
3 19.6 13128 2.8 11087 
4 16.3 23477 1.1 4861 
5 5.2 2603 0.2 1244 
6 9.7 6888 0.3 1996 
7 6.9 15010 0 0 
8 11.5 19819 4.4 98034 
9 9.8 14947 0.6 8566 
10 11.9 52832 1.9 58845 
All 9.9 16326 1.2 18887 
43

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
Table 3.1C indicates that in Kerala, less than 18% of rural households incurred Fixed 
Capital Expenditure between July 1, 2018, and June 30, 2019, with an average 
expenditure of â¹21,246 per household. Additionally, less than 1% of households had 
expenditures on the Purchase of Land during the same period, with an average 
expenditure of â¹10,545 per household. However, very few households in Kerala have  
reported Expenditure on Purchase of Land (EPL).           
     
3.4.3 The Incidence of Capital Expenditure And Average Amount of Expenditure For 
Different Occupational Category 
     For different occupational category of households, the incidence of capital 
expenditure and average amount of expenditure incurred during 01.07.2018 to 
30.06.2019 is shown in Table 3.2 
Table 3.2
: Percentage of households reported FCE & EPL and average values 
(Rs.)of FCE & EPL per household for occupational category of households. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ref:   Table1.23,1.28  VISIT 2 of Appendix-A
 
                  
Table 3.2 reveals that in rural areas, cultivators have the highest percentage of households 
reporting Fixed Capital Expenditure (FCE) at 28.7%, with an average expenditure of â¹33,302 per 
household, while only 0.6% report Expenditure on Purchase of Land (EPL) with an average 
amount of â¹1,814. Non-cultivators have a lower FCE reporting rate of 17.6% and a significantly 
lower average expenditure of â¹11,516, but their EPL reporting is slightly higher at 0.3% with an 
average of â¹4,901. In urban areas, self-employed individuals report a 15.7% FCE with an average 
of â¹18,228, and 0.6% report EPL averaging â¹6,144. Conversely, "Others" have a lower FCE 
reporting rate of 8.4% but a higher EPL reporting rate of 1.4%, with a substantial average 
 
Occupation 
all category 
of household 
FCE EPL 
% of 
households 
reported 
Average 
amount per 
household 
(Rs) 
% of 
households 
Reported 
Average 
amount per 
household 
(Rs) 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 
Rural 
Cultivator 28.7 33302 0.6 1814 
Non-
cultivator 
17.6 11516 0.3 4901 
All 24.9 25765 0.5 2882 
Urban 
Self-
employed 
15.7 18228 0.6 6144 
Others 8.4 15847 1.4 22100 
All 9.9 16326 1.2 18887 
Combined 
All 17.7 21246 0.8 10545 
44

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
expenditure of â¹22,100. Overall, the combined data shows that across all households, 17.7% 
reported FCE with an average expenditure of â¹21,246, while 0.8% reported EPL with an average 
expenditure of â¹10,545.
 
 
 Information on capital expenditure incurred by the household during 01.07.2018 to 
30.06.2019 was obtained in the survey under three broad heads namely, 
1) Residential land and buildings 
2) Farm business and 
3) Non-farm business. 
 
3.4.4 Percentage of FCE and EPL For Different Broad Head Of Expenditure 
Percentage of households reported Fixed Capital Expenditure and Expenditure on Purchase of 
Land for different broad heads of Capital Expenditure as well as average amount of such 
expenditure are reported in Table3.3  for  rural, urban & Kerala (Combined).Table 3.3 provides a 
breakdown of Fixed Capital Expenditure (FCE) and Expenditure on Purchase of Land (EPL) by 
broad categories of expenditure for households from July 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019. In rural areas, 
residential land and buildings are the most significant expenditure category, with 16.2% of 
households reporting an average FCE of â¹15,251 and 0.4% reporting EPL with an average of 
â¹2,598. Farm business expenditures are minimal, with 13.9% of households reporting an average 
FCE of â¹1,894, and no EPL. Non-farm business expenditures are reported by 5.6% of rural 
households, averaging â¹8,620, with a minimal EPL of â¹283. In urban areas, residential land and 
buildings also dominate, with 6.6% of households reporting an average FCE of â¹13,695 and 1.1% 
reporting EPL with an average of â¹17,872. Farm and non-farm business expenditures are lower, 
with farm business reporting a negligible FCE and EPL. Non-farm business has a 2.0% reporting 
rate with an average FCE of â¹2,407 and EPL of â¹1,015. Combining both rural and urban data, 
residential land and buildings remain the primary expenditure category, with a combined average 
FCE of â¹14,506 and EPL of â¹9,911. Overall, the combined data shows 17.7% of households 
reported FCE with an average expenditure of â¹21,246 and 0.8% reported EPL with an average of 
â¹10,545. 
 
 
 
 
45

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
 
Table3.3: Percentage of households reported FCE & EPL and average values (Rs.) of FCE 
& EPL per household by broad head of expenditure during 01.07.2018 to 30.06.2019 
 
Broad head of 
expenditure 
FCE EPL 
% of 
households 
reported 
Average 
amount per 
household 
(Rs.) 
% of 
households 
reported 
Average amount 
per household 
(Rs) 
Rural 
Residential land 
& buildings 
16.2 15251 0.4 2598 
Farm business 13.9 1894 0 0 
Non farm business 5.6 8620 0.1 283 
All 24.9 25765 0.5 2882 
Urban 
Residential land& 
buildings 
6.6 13695 1.1 17872 
Farm business 2.6 224 0 0 
Non-farm business 2.0 2407 0.1 1015 
All 9.9 16326 1.2 18887 
Combined 
Residential land& 
buildings 
11.6 14506 0.7 9911 
Farm business 8.5 1095 0 0 
Non-farm business 3.9 5645 0.1 634 
All 17.7 21246 0.8 10545 
 
Ref: Table1.23, 1.28  VISIT  2 of Appendix-A 
 
Percentage of households reporting  FCE by broad head of expenditure for Kerala is 
showing  Figure 3.12. 
 
 
46

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
       
 Percentage of households reported FCE by broad head of expenditure for each 
occupational category of rural and urban  has been reflected in Table 3.4 Also, 
percentage of households reported FCE by broad head of expenditure  for Kerala is 
also shown in this statement.  
Table 3.4: Percentage of households reporting FCE by broad head of 
expenditure for each occupational category. 
 
Head of 
Expenditure
 
Rural
 
Urban
 
Combined
 
Cultivator
Non-
Cultivator
 
All
 
Self 
Employed
 
Others
 
All
 
residential
 
land & 
buildings
 
17.4 14.0 16.2 8.6 6.1 6.6 11.6 
farm
 
business
 
19.3 
 
3.5 13.9 3.1 2.5 2.6 8.5 
non-farm 
business
 
6.1 
 
4.5 5.6 6.5 0.9 2.0 3.9 
 
Ref: Table1.23  VISIT 2 of Appendix-A 
In rural areas, cultivators have a higher percentage reporting FCE for 
residential land and buildings at 17.4%, compared to non-cultivators at 14.0%, 
resulting in an overall rural average of 16.2%. For farm business, cultivators report 
a notable 19.3%, while non-cultivators report only 3.5%, leading to an overall rural 
average of 13.9%. Non-farm business expenditures are reported by 6.1% of 
cultivators and 4.5% of non-cultivators, with a combined rural average of 5.6%. 
In urban areas, self-employed individuals report a higher percentage for 
residential land and buildings at 8.6%, while "Others" report 6.1%, giving an overall 
urban average of 6.6%. Farm business expenditures are minimal, with 3.1% self-
employed and 2.5% of others reporting, averaging 2.6% overall. Non-farm business 
FCE is reported by 6.5% of self-employed individuals and only 0.9% of others, with 
a combined urban average of 2.0%. 
Overall, the combined data indicates that residential land and buildings are the 
predominant FCE category across all groups, with a combined percentage of 11.6%. 
Farm business expenditures are significantly lower at 8.5%, while non-farm 
business expenditures have the lowest reporting at 3.9%. 
 
47

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
Figure 3.13 shows the percentage of households reporting FCE by broad head of 
expenditure for each occupational category. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
cultivatornon- cultivator all self employed others
Rural Urban
17.4 
14 
16.2 
8.6 
6.1 
19.3 
3.5 
13.9 
3.1 
2.5 
6.1 
4.5 
5.6 
6.5 
0.9 
Fig 3.13:Percentage of households reporting FCE by broad head of 
expenditure for each occupational category 
residential land & buildingsfarm businessnon-farm business
48

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
3.5 Part Five : Financial Inclusion
 
In order to have an idea  of  financial  inclusion  of  the  members  of  the  
households, the information on deposit  account  in  bank  &  P.O,  e-wallet  &  
credit/debit  cards was collected for each household member for the  first  time  in  
Debt  Investment Survey in NSS77
th 
round. Table 3.5 shows percentage of adult 
population (18years&above)  having deposit account in bank, post office, having e-
wallet  &  credit/debit  cards  for  rural and urban Kerala, separately for male, 
female & all. 
Table 3.5: Percentage of adult population (18 years & above) having Financial 
inclusion in different categories 
 
Categories 
of financial 
inclusion 
Rural Urban Combined 
Male Female All Male Female All Male Female All 
Bank 
77.4 76.6 77.0 75.3 100.0 75.3 88.8 76.0 76.2 
Post office 
4.8 8.0 6.5 4.8 34.5 6.6 8.2 8.1 6.5 
Credit/debit 
card 
48.6 39.0 43.6 47.8 35.5 43.1 58.0 38.9 43.4 
e-wallet 
5.1 2.0 3.5 8.6 0 6.1 6.3 2.9 4.7 
 
Note: Bank includes Schedule Commercial Bank, Co-operative banks and Regional Rural banks:  
Ref: Table,1.18, of Appendix-A 
 
Table 3.5 shows that more than 76% of the adult population (18 years and above) in   
Kerala had a deposit account in a bank, while approximately 6.5% had a deposit account 
in a post office. Additionally, over 43% of the adult population possessed a credit or 
debit card, and about 4.7% were using an e-wallet at the time of the survey. 
 
 
 
49

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
The percentage of adult population (18 years & above) having financial inclusion in 
Kerala is shown in Figure 3.14. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
50

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 3.6 Part Six :  Inequality In Distribution of Assets  
 3.6.1 Inequality in Distribution of Assets
 
As a measure of inequality in distribution of assets, Gini Coefficient based on the 
average per capita asset value, separately for rural and urban sector has been computed.
 
Gini Coefficient: The Gini Coefficient measures the inequality among values of a 
frequency distribution. It is defined as the ratio of the area between the Lorenz curve of 
the distribution and the line of equality; and the area under the line of equality. It should 
lie between 0 & 1 and is often used as a measure of income/wealth inequality. Here, 0 
corresponds to perfect income/wealth equality (i.e. everyone has the same 
income/wealth) and 1 corresponds to perfect income/wealth inequality (i.e. one person 
has all the income/wealth, while everyone else has zero income/wealth).Table 3.6 gives 
the share of assets in different decile classes of asset holding on 30.06.2018 at each rural 
and urban Kerala.  
Table 3.6: Percentage share of assets as on 30.06.2018 indifferent household Asset Holding 
Class (AHC) 
AHC 
% share of assets 
Rural Urban 
1 0.48 0.07 
2 1.68 1.05 
3 2.33 2 
4 3.67 2.91 
5 4.84 3.89 
6 6.64 4.81 
7 9.17 6.76 
8 11 8.78 
9 17.70 13.54 
10 39.44 53.85 
All 100 100 
 
Ref: Table1.19 of  Appendix-A 
 
 
3.6.2  Gini Coefficient of Asset distribution in Rural & Urban  Kerala 
Value of Gini  Coefficient for Kerala and All-India is shown in Table3.7 
 
 
 
51

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala
 
 
 
Table 3.7: Gini Coefficient of asset distribution by Average Asset Value as on 30.06.2018 of 
Kerala & All-India 
State 
Gini Coefficient of Asset 
Rural Urban 
Kerala 0.541 0.625 
All-India 0.615 0.678 
     
 Above Statement shows Gini Coefficient in Rural and Urban areas of Kerala respectively which 
indicates  higher Gini Coefficient Value (i.e. >0.500). It means maximum of assets were hold by 
the top decile class of Asset Holding Class (AHC) in both Rural and Urban areas of Kerala 
The Lorenz curves for the distribution based on data of average per capital asset value for rural 
and urban Kerala is shown in Figure3.15.The Lorenz curves for asset distribution in rural and 
urban areas (as of June 30, 2018) show notable inequality in both regions. The red dashed line 
represents perfect equality, where assets would be evenly distributed across the population. 
However, both the rural (green) and urban (blue) Lorenz curves deviate significantly from this 
line, indicating an unequal distribution of assets. 
Urban households show a sharper curve, especially in the higher asset-holding classes, 
suggesting a greater concentration of wealth among a smaller portion of the population. The 
rural curve, while also showing inequality, is slightly more evenly distributed compared to 
the urban curve. Both regions illustrate that a small percentage of the population holds a 
disproportionately large share of assets 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
52

Report on Debt & Investment in Kerala  
 
 
Department of Economics & Statistics  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
APPENDIX - A 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 List of Detailed Tables on âDebt        
& Investmentâ-Visit 1 & visit 2 
 
53

54

Visit- 1 
55

56

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 190 591 22 58 0 34 1000 0 1000 362 139 8
2 952 978 321 767 0 318 1000 0 1000 479 455 15
3 1000 1000 155 548 220 0 1000 0 1000 613 127 7
4 1000 975 366 598 173 403 1000 0 1000 674 372 10
5 1000 1000 682 966 512 546 1000 220 1000 99 174 6
6 1000 1000 0 792 0 208 1000 0 1000 208 69 2
7 1000 1000 540 540 0 0 1000 0 1000 460 49 2
8 1000 1000 53 874 512 966 1000 0 1000 874 143 5
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 1000 788 0 1000 497 788 1000 0 1000 194 148 5
All 920 936 273 699 196 396 1000 23 1000 480 1676 60
Estimated 
Households
1542 1569 458 1172 328 664 1676 38 1676 805 X X
Sample 
Households
53 54 16 40 8 23 60 1 60 31 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                                                     Household Social group - ST                                                Rural
Household asset 
holding class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                              Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
57

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 396 240 140 302 107 280 985 4 1000 413 533 27
2 781 895 102 284 200 391 979 26 1000 498 1198 40
3 1000 1000 273 378 0 349 918 155 1000 670 882 28
4 1000 893 241 552 166 741 1000 0 1000 542 661 24
5 1000 1000 407 773 145 743 985 0 1000 680 363 17
6 1000 1000 206 715 75 483 1000 0 1000 814 282 11
7 1000 1000 280 999 0 402 1000 402 1000 881 521 12
8 1000 1000 133 575 0 556 1000 532 1000 800 195 9
9 1000 1000 849 1000 151 151 1000 0 1000 1000 21 2
10 1000 1000 402 1000 0 1000 1000 598 1000 598 78 2
All 877 873 216 510 102 469 977 112 1000 618 4734 172
Estimated 
Households
4149 4132 1023 2414 483 2220 4623 529 4734 2925 X X
Sample 
Households
152 150 33 84 12 77 164 11 172 104 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                                                         Household Social group - SC                                                     Rural
Household asset 
holding class
        Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                      Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
58

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 183 201 176 402 31 424 946 9 991 387 2310 120
2 930 804 112 412 102 420 951 14 1000 375 1874 79
3 991 978 177 476 169 503 986 69 1000 711 2553 77
4 996 973 281 525 50 598 1000 64 1000 536 2639 97
5 1000 990 284 635 86 716 999 4 1000 567 2657 109
6 1000 992 393 650 181 698 998 14 1000 753 2671 104
7 1000 992 344 644 192 817 1000 63 1000 710 2325 96
8 1000 999 240 736 217 806 1000 7 1000 638 2469 116
9 1000 979 286 819 176 853 1000 11 1000 679 2149 100
10 1000 1000 369 763 276 842 1000 120 1000 710 1287 84
All 910 893 266 601 142 663 989 34 999 608 22933 982
Estimated 
Households
2088020477 6100 13783 3250 1519922675 785 22914 13948 X X
Sample 
Households
868 848 238 599 148 624 967 41 981 588 X X
                                                                                        Household Social group - OBC                                                Rural
Household asset 
holding class
    Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                              Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
59

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 378 38 3 206 6 151 972 47 999 51 1360 38
2 688 688 23 189 119 479 900 123 1000 671 815 27
3 996 813 129 703 238 483 1000 210 1000 681 735 26
4 834 834 239 347 276 548 995 0 1000 645 670 32
5 1000 1000 144 931 276 733 1000 94 1000 669 1139 36
6 1000 992 280 495 25 561 963 42 1000 456 1313 57
7 968 968 323 744 119 675 1000 117 1000 692 1417 50
8 1000 970 273 616 60 578 988 143 1000 690 1545 75
9 1000 982 281 732 153 942 1000 153 1000 529 2148 86
10 996 996 213 748 90 838 998 264 1000 599 2830 155
All 909 859 207 615 119 654 986 139 1000 558 13972 582
Estimated 
Households
1269912008 2894 8588 1659 9133 13778 1942 13971 7790 X X
Sample 
Households
537 523 137 388 64 402 573 88 581 343 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                                                          Household Social group - Others                                             Rural
Household asset 
holding class
   Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                             Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
60

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 271 167 113 317 31 308 961 20 995 284 4342 193
2 846 825 115 372 121 412 954 36 1000 475 4343 161
3 994 955 188 497 147 453 975 109 1000 695 4296 138
4 972 940 275 508 113 595 999 39 1000 566 4343 163
5 1000 994 273 738 158 716 998 36 1000 585 4333 168
6 1000 993 340 609 124 635 988 21 1000 659 4335 174
7 989 985 332 719 142 711 1000 121 1000 722 4313 160
8 1000 989 241 691 161 719 996 79 1000 672 4352 205
9 1000 981 286 777 164 894 1000 82 1000 606 4318 188
10 997 990 256 766 157 840 999 218 1000 618 4343 246
All 907 882 242 599 132 628 987 76 1000 588 43316 1796
Estimated 
Households
39271381871047525956 5721 2721642752 3294 43295 25468 X X
Sample 
Households
1610 1575 424 1111 232 1126 1764 141 1794 1066 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                         Household Social group - All                                               Rural
Household asset 
holding class
            Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                      Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
61

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 1000 1000 0 1000 0 1000 1000 0 1000 1000 2 1
4 1000 1000 0 0 0 0 1000 0 1000 1000 35 1
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 1000 1000 0 1000 1000 1000 1000 0 1000 1000 20 1
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 1000 1000 0 0 0 1000 1000 0 1000 0 25 1
10 1000 1000 0 1000 0 1000 1000 0 1000 0 53 1
All 1000 1000 0 557 151 743 1000 0 1000 425 135 5
Estimated 
Households
135 135 0 75 20 100 135 0 135 57 X X
Sample 
Households
5 5 0 3 1 4 5 0 5 3 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                 Household Social group - ST                                                Urban
Household asset 
holding class
   Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                               Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
62

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 0 0 30 27 108 325 1000 108 1000 281 136 9
2 825 774 206 266 124 296 1000 0 1000 383 704 26
3 974 849 138 263 33 561 1000 131 1000 543 605 23
4 1000 914 98 510 25 283 1000 0 1000 749 419 12
5 1000 901 177 772 0 500 1000 0 1000 243 159 7
6 1000 1000 301 310 201 642 1000 0 1000 782 340 11
7 1000 1000 0 779 0 956 1000 52 1000 848 177 6
8 1000 1000 194 103 0 850 1000 45 1000 678 236 8
9 1000 913 0 646 0 593 1000 320 1000 846 273 8
10 1000 1000 481 481 0 1000 1000 0 1000 1000 60 3
All 911 851 154 373 65 514 1000 65 1000 597 3109 113
Estimated 
Households
2833 2646 479 1159 201 1599 3109 201 3109 1855 X X
Sample 
Households
95 90 18 41 10 68 113 5 113 67 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                              Household Social group - SC                                                Urban
Household asset 
holding class
   Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                                   Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
63

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 1 2 70 142 31 338 984 1 988 419 3077 130
2 462 361 123 288 122 602 996 115 1000 569 2443 116
3 928 814 46 363 123 652 976 93 1000 625 2643 95
4 987 952 261 398 93 705 977 91 1000 695 2581 113
5 988 962 122 486 150 705 1000 91 1000 637 2936 118
6 985 993 178 647 107 738 999 80 1000 681 3019 138
7 995 990 142 539 121 815 991 4 1000 565 2628 126
8 1000 974 211 652 162 771 998 60 1000 616 2581 125
9 1000 997 177 654 191 774 999 75 1000 617 2374 138
10 1000 1000 249 608 257 867 994 172 1000 587 1886 107
All 820 790 154 470 130 686 991 74 999 600 26169 1206
Estimated 
Households
2146420686 4017 12305 3396 1795525943 1942 26132 15695 X X
Sample 
Households
997 962 184 604 175 838 1194 74 1205 744 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                              Household Social group - OBC                                                Urban
Household asset 
holding class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                   Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
64

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 0 0 21 117 0 320 951 63 951 366 774 30
2 579 488 118 226 6 504 929 37 1000 379 837 37
3 705 695 6 251 131 701 899 0 1000 684 723 24
4 980 869 260 410 19 793 1000 130 1000 708 966 35
5 897 738 91 450 51 780 1000 138 1000 803 860 35
6 988 927 97 538 230 730 1000 63 1000 434 636 36
7 981 919 59 276 196 895 1000 42 1000 603 1121 56
8 992 873 58 279 177 746 1000 209 1000 640 1185 49
9 1000 999 88 541 136 913 1000 87 1000 597 1299 63
10 1000 999 102 522 139 897 1000 131 1000 521 1978 105
All 857 801 93 382 115 764 984 99 996 577 10378 470
Estimated 
Households
8892 8311 961 3961 1190 7926 10208 1030 10340 5986 X X
Sample 
Households
407 384 51 207 65 370 464 56 469 266 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                               Household Social group - Others                                               Urban
Household asset 
holding class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                  Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
65

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 1 2 59 133 27 334 978 17 981 404 3987 169
2 551 461 137 271 98 527 982 78 1000 496 3984 179
3 894 798 53 327 111 647 965 82 1000 623 3974 143
4 987 928 242 409 67 676 985 90 1000 706 4000 161
5 969 911 117 490 123 713 1000 98 1000 657 3956 160
6 987 983 175 601 135 728 999 71 1000 650 3995 185
7 992 970 112 478 141 845 994 16 1000 591 3946 189
8 998 946 165 509 157 768 999 103 1000 627 4002 182
9 1000 992 135 612 159 808 1000 96 1000 622 3970 210
10 1000 999 176 569 191 886 997 147 1000 552 3976 216
All 837 799 137 440 121 693 990 80 998 593 39791 1794
Estimated 
Households
3332431777 5457 17500 4807 2757939394 3174 39716 23593 X X
Sample 
Households
1504 1441 253 855 251 1280 1776 135 1792 1080 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                             Household Social group - All                                             Urban
Household asset 
holding class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                   Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
66

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 190 591 22 58 0 34 1000 0 1000 362 139 8
2 952 978 321 767 0 318 1000 0 1000 479 455 15
3 1000 1000 153 556 216 17 1000 0 1000 620 129 8
4 1000 977 335 547 158 369 1000 0 1000 702 407 11
5 1000 1000 682 966 512 546 1000 220 1000 99 174 6
6 1000 1000 0 792 0 208 1000 0 1000 208 69 2
7 1000 1000 383 674 292 292 1000 0 1000 617 69 3
8 1000 1000 53 874 512 966 1000 0 1000 874 143 5
9 1000 1000 0 0 0 1000 1000 0 1000 0 25 1
10 1000 844 0 1000 367 844 1000 0 1000 143 200 6
All 926 941 253 688 192 422 1000 21 1000 476 1811 65
Estimated 
Households
1677 1704 458 1247 348 764 1811 38 1811 862 X X
Sample 
Households
58 59 16 43 9 27 65 1 65 34 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                 Household Social group - ST                                                All
Household asset 
holding class
       Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                                  Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
67

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 315 191 117 246 107 289 988 25 1000 386 669 36
2 797 850 140 278 172 356 987 16 1000 456 1902 66
3 989 939 218 331 14 435 951 145 1000 618 1487 51
4 1000 901 185 536 111 563 1000 0 1000 622 1081 36
5 1000 970 337 772 101 669 990 0 1000 547 522 24
6 1000 1000 258 494 144 570 1000 0 1000 797 622 22
7 1000 1000 209 943 0 543 1000 313 1000 872 698 18
8 1000 1000 167 317 0 717 1000 265 1000 733 430 17
9 1000 919 61 671 11 562 1000 297 1000 857 294 10
10 1000 1000 436 775 0 1000 1000 338 1000 772 137 5
All 890 864 192 456 87 487 986 93 1000 609 7843 285
Estimated 
Households
6983 6778 1502 3573 684 3819 7732 730 7843 4780 X X
Sample 
Households
247 240 51 125 22 145 277 16 285 171 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                          Household Social group - SC                                               All
Household asset 
holding class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                           Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
68

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 79 87 116 254 31 375 968 4 989 405 5387 250
2 665 553 118 341 113 523 976 71 1000 485 4317 195
3 959 895 111 418 146 579 981 81 1000 667 5196 172
4 991 963 271 462 71 651 988 78 1000 615 5220 210
5 994 975 199 557 120 710 1000 50 1000 604 5593 227
6 992 993 279 648 142 719 999 49 1000 715 5690 242
7 998 991 237 589 154 816 995 32 1000 633 4954 222
8 1000 986 225 693 189 788 999 34 1000 627 5050 241
9 1000 988 229 732 184 811 1000 45 1000 646 4523 238
10 1000 1000 298 671 264 857 997 151 1000 637 3173 191
All 862 838 206 531 135 675 990 56 999 604 49103 2188
Estimated 
Households
42344411631011726088 6646 3315448618 2727 49046 29643 X X
Sample 
Households
1865 1810 422 1203 323 1462 2161 115 2186 1332 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                Household Social group - OBC                                                All
Household asset 
holding class
      Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                 Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
69

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 241 24 9 173 4 212 964 53 982 165 2134 68
2 632 586 71 208 62 492 915 79 1000 523 1652 64
3 852 754 68 479 185 591 950 106 1000 683 1458 50
4 920 855 251 384 124 693 998 77 1000 682 1636 67
5 956 887 121 724 179 753 1000 113 1000 727 2000 71
6 996 971 221 509 92 616 975 49 1000 449 1949 93
7 974 946 206 537 153 772 1000 83 1000 653 2538 106
8 996 928 180 470 111 651 993 172 1000 669 2730 124
9 1000 988 208 660 147 931 1000 128 1000 554 3447 149
10 997 997 167 655 110 862 999 209 1000 567 4808 260
All 887 834 158 515 117 701 985 122 998 566 24350 1052
Estimated 
Households
2159120319 3855 12548 2849 1705823985 2973 24311 13776 X X
Sample 
Households
944 907 188 595 129 772 1037 144 1050 609 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                                           Household Social group - Others                                                  All
Household asset 
holding class
          Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                                  Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
70

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1 141 88 87 229 29 321 969 18 988 341 8329 362
2 705 651 125 324 110 467 968 56 1000 485 8327 340
3 946 879 123 415 130 546 970 96 1000 660 8270 281
4 979 934 259 461 91 634 992 64 1000 633 8343 324
5 985 954 199 619 141 715 999 65 1000 619 8289 328
6 994 988 261 605 129 680 993 45 1000 655 8329 359
7 990 978 226 604 142 775 997 71 1000 659 8259 349
8 999 968 204 604 159 743 997 90 1000 650 8353 387
9 1000 986 214 698 162 853 1000 88 1000 614 8288 398
10 999 995 217 672 173 862 998 184 1000 587 8319 462
All 874 842 192 523 127 659 988 78 999 590 83107 3590
Estimated 
Households
72595699641593243456105285479682146 6468 83011 49061 X X
Sample 
Households
3114 3016 677 1966 483 2406 3540 276 3586 2146 X X
Table 1.10: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class and household social group.
                                              Household Social group - All                                              All
Household asset 
holding class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of  Households
                                          Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
71

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-farm 
business 
equip.
All 
transp. 
equip.
Deposits 
etc.
Shares, 
etc.
Any Estd.(00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)
1 25754 36760 714 651 39 3058850545 60 14511298580 1300 65
2 283394203955 1993 511 2046 1217271124 163 5753571181131311 48
3 505191381236 2213 699 1586 3314633870 384 9583251449251860 62
4 63713651394719655 662 5699 58306113051 15 13484712241042441 92
5 1042484706207 6891 1255 111025828954384 75 18806871405842930 106
6 144443386933812949 1926 3982 8287476071 219 24917922143113091 129
7 184077512057528334 1445 2013 76871140370 492 32760522826533561 131
8 267136514439916628 2213 7557136349154501 132 44227372818693815 178
9 426877717575703784 4713 16059205147325406424365856993099273952 171
10 1052817231735767535 4625 9457 3059387359853762147690505406894072 229
All classes 306721512954997639 2298 7143 1248362210991281472701127113928332 1211
Estimated 
Households(00)
27054 26666 8400 22326 4123 1921828141 2691 2833218034 X X
Sample 
Households
1144 1130 344 955 173 824 1200 118 1211 732 X X
Table 1.11R: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash  loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class.
Household  
asset holding  
class 
      Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)	Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. 
lakhs)
No. of  Households
Rural              Major household type: Cultivator
72

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-farm 
business 
equip.
All 
transp. 
equip.
Deposits 
etc.
Shares, 
etc.
Any Estd.(00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)
1 46107 27478 107 49 874 1002117208 1 10184444941 3042 128
2 227237255576 1081 164 6648 5646140264 29 58746078613 3032 113
3 364922473232 144 216 9746 2567956318 1 9302581044132436 76
4 596410618713 2583 73 2653 3540989961 0 134580199029 1902 71
5 754288951541 1371 420 1994 8386291193 1 18846701987051403 62
6 1385833931610 952 77 2967 8283186162 3 24904341612161244 45
7 136097613418194280 431 12206153829280442152643169247289633 752 29
8 229824317598646123 156 2236 227775166460 95 4460953183975 537 27
9 335699921817447706 469 80751331233378579 74 6337555302983 366 17
10 72236733173644 347 168 32996370129826679 77511628410870744 271 17
All classes 739487620337 1428 175 7141 6753092163 792 152905113085614984 585
Estimated 
Households(00)
12216 11521 2075 3630 1598 7999 14611 604 14963 7434 X X
Sample 
Households
466 445 80 156 59 302 564 23 583 334 X X
Table 1.11R: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash  loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class.
Household  
asset holding  
class 
         Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)	Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. 
lakhs)
No. of  Households
Rural                   Major household type:  Non-Cultivator
73

All
Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-farm 
business 
equip.
All 
transp. 
equip.
Deposits 
etc.
Shares, 
etc.
Any Estd.(00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)
1 40013 30257 288 229 624 1617927190 18 11479961002 4342 193
2 244191239991 1356 269 5259 4309049580 69 58380690538 4343 161
3 425661433396 1040 425 6212 2891346598 167 9424111219564296 138
4 61929955983012178 404 4365 48278102938 9 13473021693254343 163
5 949160785651 5103 985 8153 6657066303 51 18819771594054333 168
6 1427620887205 9507 1395 3690 8286178966 157 24914021990774335 174
7 175711312294787627 1268 3790 90290164794306832574292838704313 160
8 262535214829446566 1960 6901147624155976 128 44274492697974352 205
9 419144017935484117 4353 21546215842329916388965646523093384318 188
10 1032170631735817086 4346 109273099487416513576145728215613114343 246
All classes 226198910619425491 1564 7142 1050121764961112362074822261143316 1796
Estimated 
Households(00)
39271 38187 1047525956 5721 2721642752 3294 4329525468 X X
Sample 
Households
1610 1575 424 1111 232 1126 1764 141 1794 1066 X X
Table 1.11R: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash  loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household 
asset holding class.
Major household type:  All
Household  
asset holding  
class 
                  Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs) Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. 
lakhs)
No. of  Households
Rural
74

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.Any	Estd (00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
01 0 0 1437 679 474 2231911452 15 36377145765 193 12
02 14905080416 6021 491 9703 7225780467 4581402986115868 748 37
03 475168293660 20 84 3837510417878089 0 989574176441 362 17
04 72934553450925446 374 107010896848604 2731448590414626 544 20
05 6456039495344157 839 2383613077319578858801956410318383 755 31
06 1252872112264416097 692 12575149143117216 9162672155224887 1039 47
07 15767641308475136 840 54426231899235972 5 3408517517910 929 39
08 2038218163058724308 511 55911322799363108 2374435680415086 961 51
09 40033251801618860 1582 58322242505266936 9066376055589263 1057 57
10 1763476437531352325 7556 849891111472186330486692.4E+07797927 1410 86
All 437360615400428274 1960 4233734479048303527986796842438337 7998 397
Estimated 
Households
7272 6920 1408 4231 3190 6935 7903 1264 7998 5347 X X
Sample 
Households
359 341 68 210 170 345 390 49 397 260 X X
Table 1.11U: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class.
                                                                          Major household type - Selfemployed                                                      Urban
Household asset 
holding class
                             Average value of asset (Rs.lakhs)
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
outstanding 
 (in lakhs)
No. of  Households
                          Category of assets
75

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.Any	Estd (00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
01 10 21 184 88 131 1046712216 4 23120 70669 3794 157
02 1424771249121356 245 400 38173128490 33 436086112072 3236 142
03 458454314216 87 158 267 5573091008 16 919935188010 3612 126
04 6291795976094874 257 602 30669103400 53 1366644168632 3456 141
05 849758912170 643 384 2946 50553122570 1431939167194269 3201 129
06 132012010351372982 800 107 7258613874911922571673220730 2956 138
07 165013114682482049 684 10704112494175594 5513420455268024 3018 150
08 239952216251861442 650 7250154465232210 4514421177427174 3040 131
09 416108720233504747 1281 6551215186451070 1966863468479331 2913 153
10 2082416330145731513 1842 26013903201077615566462.5E+07678668 2567 130
All 279185510250311931 588 297810331822856348234159087264619 31792 1397
Estimated 
Households
2605224857 4050 13268 1618 2064531491 1909 31717 18247 X X
Sample 
Households
1145 1100 185 645 81 935 1386 86 1395 820 X X
Table 1.11U: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class.
                                                                          Major household type - Others                                                     Urban
Household asset 
holding class
                                       Average value of asset (Rs.lakhs)
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
outstanding 
 (in lakhs)
No. of  Households
                                     Category of assets
76

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
fram 
business 
equip
All 
transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.Any	Estd (00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
01 9 20 245 117 148 1104212179 4 23764 74313 3987 169
02 1437121165542232 291 2147 44575119470 887 429869112785 3984 179
03 459977312343 81 151 3738 6014489831 15 926279186956 3974 143
04 6428025890287672 273 665 4131895948 83 1377789202087 4000 161
05 8108109192981313 471 6931 6585713653812371942457217947 3956 160
06 130262810578996393 772 3350 9249913314811202597809221812 3995 185
07 163286414306451599 721 20994140596189804 4223417646326834 3946 189
08 231272216264846936 617 18940194905263657 4004424661424270 4002 182
09 411908519643183712 1361 20334222459402047 3856733703508599 3970 210
10 1969354332763881801 3868 318076459631356136396382.5E+07720945 3976 216
All 310980511285543206 863 1089015185627971444164689306299538 39791 1794
Estimated 
Households
3332431777 5457 17500 4807 2757939394 3174 39716 23593 X X
Sample 
Households
1504 1441 253 855 251 1280 1776 135 1792 1080 X X
Table 1.11U: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class.
                                                              Major household type - All                                                   Urban
Household asset 
holding class
                               Average value of asset (Rs.lakhs)
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
outstanding 
 (in lakhs)
No. of  Households
                          Category of assets
77

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 9687 145274 984 77 0 1197 8998 0 166217 34660 139 8
2 170203329154 254 856 0 1327711833 0 525577 47478 455 15
3 423163505286 155 589 2861 0 10521 0 942575 46434 127 7
4 741154545008 5052 443 4669 1316134103 0 1343590235904 372 10
5 106849665130315976 30411376427857134805 2 1915245 21108 174 6
6 1531134804589 0 555 0 2844 16287 0 2355407 92498 69 2
7 230808675406317564 432 0 0 45375 0 3125521 13787 49 2
8 3240349636681 519 252 2764080249104798 0 4090488108820 143 5
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 106622761732293 0 429 6912277642278547 0 1295809868055 148 5
All 1701938590597 3502 792 5656 4096661829 0 2405281 93379 1676 60
Estimated 
Households(00)
1542 1569 458 1172 328 664 1676 38 1676 805 X X
Sample 
Households
53 54 16 40 8 23 60 1 60 31 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Rural
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
No. of  
Households
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
                     Household social group: ST
                          Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
78

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 63442 30098 134 125 3758 9014 21492 1 128065 66404 533 27
2 206052286032 725 140 152294135652080 1 601617 42112 1198 40
3 334710529413 448 283 0 2266121405601 909521 111158 882 28
4 58297752401259093 295 723010141056459 0 1331477162985 661 24
5 976805779891 7332 1033 427 2925552003 0 1846746152049 363 17
6 1625864810729 617 418 8498 1745128292 0 2491869239926 282 11
7 209030878737319220 622 0 2490534583828513271117306902 521 12
8 32955491161704 115 416 0 2194144562 67 4524354247795 195 9
9 532265439964010189 2219 181 32446 3207 0 5770537232134 21 2
10 562714056209021811 429 0 19930433818523911788009183024 78 2
All 85679458436511333 350 5829 402187864643315779671355934734172
Estimated 
Households(00)
4149 4132 1023 2414 483 2220 4623 529 4734 2925 X X
Sample 
Households
152 150 33 84 12 77 164 11 172 104 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Rural
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
Household asset 
holding class
                 Category of assets
No. of  
Households
                   Household social group: SC
                                              Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
79

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 26887 35899 450 344 245 2392433909 1 121658 95183 2310120
2 329127202908 2482 221 1442 2283137537112 596659 79092 1874 79
3 435185431772 1511 277 9563 2694443058 41 948350 1276042553 77
4 659268572834 2681 346 720 4476778200 14 13588321361262639 97
5 979624787502 5436 734 2264 6413949407 1 18891061845352657109
6 145586588360313867 1449 4720 975024891321825061362537722671104
7 174823512734285780 837 603112064310298059 32579943102462325 96
8 251891416103322692 1137 933518637115296413144818782656052469116
9 443127416614721885 338218382213802266480 1 65966792422282149100
10 1024867426823998280 3005196813666613003283383136324107592971287 84
All 1875734936990 4487 1070 6545104117100427251302962022220722933982
Estimated 
Households(00)
20880 20477 6100 137833250 1519922675785 22914 13948 X X
Sample 
Households
868 848 238 599 148 624 967 41 981 588 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Rural
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
No. of  
Households
                                  Household social group: OBC
                                  Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
80

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 56222 9012 4 92 104 7359 19862 57 92712 3512 1360 38
2 146277207730 312 239 231210890494705111 560591 212163 815 27
3 502055311557 264 1083 2608 4821895297113 961194 128303 735 26
4 430111552208 7240 719 1571929186284405 0 1319588269288 670 32
5 851085803685 1959 124123490900339980219218714871242561139 36
6 1322083915317 3049 1540 755 7134215430477 2468467 84606 1313 57
7 162990513365836046 2242 1639 67675203763819332560462414851417 50
8 2653837139846814130 3627 195510780517958814143595512942201545 75
9 394037119393586291 534624921219677396593781865403763772492148 86
10 1046621134048317057 5269 74572888909775703942151612275074272830155
All 343928214853995398 2878 87461361203482662887542897626826513972582
Estimated 
Households(00)
12699 12008 2894 8588 1659 9133 137781942 13971 7790 X X
Sample 
Households
537 523 137 388 64 402 573 88 581 343 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
Rural
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
No. of  
Households
                                   Household social group: Others
                                    Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
81

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 40013 30257 288 229 624 1617927190 18 114799 61002 4342193
2 244191239991 1356 269 5259 4309049580 69 583806 90538 4343161
3 425661433396 1040 425 6212 2891346598167 942411 1219564296138
4 61929955983012178 404 4365 48278102938 9 13473021693254343163
5 949160785651 5103 985 8153 6657066303 51 18819771594054333168
6 1427620887205 9507 1395 3690 828617896615724914021990774335174
7 175711312294787627 1268 3790 90290164794306832574292838704313160
8 262535214829446566 1960 690114762415597612844274492697974352205
9 419144017935484117 435321546215842329916388965646523093384318188
10 1032170631735817086 4346109273099487416513576145728215613114343246
All 226198910619425491 1564 714210501217649611123620748222611433161796
Estimated 
Households(00)
39271 38187 10475259565721 27216427523294 43295 25468 X X
Sample 
Households
1610 1575 424 1111 232 1126 1764 141 1794 1066 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Rural
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
No. of  
Households
                                  Household social group: All
                                     Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
82

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 320000600000 0 500 0 3700065100 0 1022600253100 2 1
4 1200000187000 0 0 0 0 102000 0 1489000484872 35 1
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 8500001375000 0 100013000180000956500 0 3375500 75000 20 1
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 10000006320000 0 0 0 695000491550 0 8506550 0 25 1
10 70000004400000 0 155000 0 260000271200 0 12086200 0 53 1
All 33579793152203 0 606211958257878368213 0 7198851140328 135 5
Estimated 
Households(00)
135 135 0 75 20 100 135 0 135 57 X X
Sample 
Households
5 5 0 3 1 4 5 0 5 3 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
Urban
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
No. of  
Households
                            Household social group:ST
                                 Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
83

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 0 0 218 11 108 9795 3512 22 13666 68209 136 9
2 200419166398 3694 525 466 1287923985 0 408366 56755 704 26
3 503473287965 385 125 102 4215210181433 936048 176060 605 23
4 703337521904 1346 184 50 9493170969 0 1407284259567 419 12
5 977019763493 177 1214 0 3763933590 0 1813130 73845 159 7
6 1868359590576 7955 197 1182 6981970040 0 2608128298276 340 11
7 2577439580727 0 246 0 5454868562 6 3281529148191 177 6
8 259888414465623246 59 0 90033257400 2 4396186394371 236 8
9 43854061452778 0 770 0 7132739545032 6305762720659 273 8
10 107282191599195 481 360 0 27541710316750 13635347433620 60 3
All 1426451568553 2236 345 266 4385513572711 21774432313613109113
Estimated 
Households(00)
2833 2646 479 1159 201 1599 3109 201 3109 1855 X X
Sample 
Households
95 90 18 41 10 68 113 5 113 67 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
urban
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
No. of  
Households
                               Household social group:SC
                                     Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
84

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 12 26 276 109 187 9486 12270 0 22366 81644 3077130
2 126323 99903 1443 283 3318 574431425951405432713 1561142443116
3 475792335796 32 170 5534 5356058309 14 929207 1943342643 95
4 619418613112 4025 231 961 4538083094 77 13662981913532581113
5 827469961926 1273 473 4984 571779809219219515862181252936118
6 122742811153106107 878 366410474613091432825893752375893019138
7 154803315409122285 982 29720142054155832 2 34198203641372628126
8 2250791171899410074 802 1739917356227391292 44456283904712581125
9 432549418356543294 13372373017673630305250366698004281932374138
10 1945053129071362175 158940250769521105012414723242360499573281886107
All 252727110406983093 647 1172213775020080213163923299297493261691206
Estimated 
Households(00)
21464 20686 4017 123053396 17955259431942 26132 15695 X X
Sample 
Households
997 962 184 604 175 838 1194 74 1205 744 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Urban
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
No. of  
Households
             Household social group:OBC
                                     Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
85

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 0 0 126 165 0 1744813347 16 31102 46232 774 30
2 146777123238 3305 119 144 33675132266123 439646 33459 837 37
3 366126246094 3 101 230 99368195166 0 907088 168893 723 24
4 65901856823220441 433 167 45764975061401391702195669 966 35
5 723193802653 1662 328 1486110070328680650331935239244012 860 35
6 135759210348466918 575 3018 4646817744854762632341106091 636 36
7 16968591307233 273 178 3992150043274731148234347902721141121 56
8 23907211460757 833 324 26063262242242564115043846565038321185 49
9 374578722232765327 15551878932868758264725369063206207921299 63
10 2053245836492821531 213525558549533168657365648265127195232911978105
All 507970714915873823 789 1208921840252067913610734068732718210378470
Estimated 
Households(00)
8892 8311 961 3961 1190 7926 102081030 10340 5986 X X
Sample 
Households
407 384 51 207 65 370 464 56 469 266 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
Urban
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
No. of  
Households
                            Household social group:Others
                               Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
86

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 9 20 245 117 148 1104212179 4 23764 74313 3987169
2 143712116554 2232 291 2147 44575119470887 429869 1127853984179
3 459977312343 81 151 3738 6014489831 15 926279 1869563974143
4 642802589028 7672 273 665 4131895948 83 13777892020874000161
5 810810919298 1313 471 6931 65857136538123719424572179473956160
6 130262810578996393 772 3350 92499133148112025978092218123995185
7 163286414306451599 721 2099414059618980442234176463268343946189
8 231272216264846936 617 1894019490526365740044246614242704002182
9 411908519643183712 13612033422245940204738567337035085993970210
10 1969354332763881801 386831807645963135613639638250491447209453976216
All 310980511285543206 863 1089015185627971444164689306299538397911794
Estimated 
Households(00)
33324 31777 5457 175004807 27579393943174 39716 23593 X X
Sample 
Households
1504 1441 253 855 251 1280 1776 135 1792 1080 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
Urban
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
No. of  
Households
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
                    Household social group:All
                          Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
87

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 9687 145274 984 77 0 1197 8998 0 166217 34660 139 8
2 170203329154 254 856 0 1327711833 0 525577 47478 455 15
3 421362506939 153 588 2811 646 11473 0 943971 50040 129 8
4 780211514534 4622 406 4272 1204139883 0 1355968257096 407 11
5 106849665130315976 30411376427857134805 2 1915245 21108 174 6
6 1531134804589 0 555 0 2844 16287 0 2355407 92498 69 2
7 188281693516812441 598 3792 52499311116 0 3198430 31641 69 3
8 3240349636681 519 252 2764080249104798 0 4090488108820 143 5
9 10000006320000 0 0 0 695000491550 0 8506550 0 25 1
10 97018412431901 0 409655099273015276620 0 1272944250207 200 6
All 1825013780972 3242 5239 5381 5708684599 0 2761532 96868 1811 65
Estimated 
Households(00)
1677 1704 458 1247 348 764 1811 38 1811 862 X X
Sample 
Households
58 59 16 43 9 27 65 1 65 34 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
All
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
No. of  
Households
Household asset 
holding class
      Category of assets
                                       Household social group: ST
                                       Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
88

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 50505 23960 152 102 3014 9173 17826 5 104737 66772 669 36
2 203968241767 1824 283 9767 3081941685 1 530113 47530 1902 66
3 403427431099 423 219 42 3059754146369 920323 1375851487 51
4 62968052319436686 252 4444 65744100892 0 13608922004611081 36
5 976870774888 5149 1088 297 3181346385 0 1836490128189 522 24
6 1758274690518 4624 297 4503 4604651088 0 2555350271787 622 22
7 221371073502514351 527 0 3241427559721313273755266697 698 18
8 291414213176561829 220 0 5922016108632 4454185328042 430 17
9 44524841377406 729 874 13 6854436737730 6267456685696 294 10
10 783961838765771234 399 0 23231663897113512589250291714 137 5
All 1082595578097 7727 348 3624 4166010127226618155881735547843285
Estimated 
Households(00)
6983 6778 1502 3573 684 3819 7732 730 7843 4780 X X
Sample 
Households
247 240 51 125 22 145 277 16 285 171 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
All
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
No. of  
Households
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
                      Household social group: SC
                    Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
89

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 11537 15409 350 210 212 1567721549 1 64945 87450 5387250
2 214364144620 1894 256 2504 4241896987843 503885 1226774317195
3 455843382946 759 223 7513 4048550816 27 938611 1615515196172
4 639565592749 3346 289 839 4507080620 45 13625231634325220210
5 899744879073 3250 597 3692 604847496610119219072021695593227
6 133465610065479749 1146 41601013469242327625503032451855690242
7 164200714153563925 914 1860013200413102429 33438593388414954222
8 238186616658746466 966 1345717982421478511144633493294295050241
9 437575517528922625 23092118919434828567526466350563398324523238
10 1571856328159904651 21633190860613474603210124199355658770133173191
All 2222970992261 3744 845 93041220421539228183505905262331491032188
Estimated 
Households(00)
42344 41163 10117260886646 33154486182727 49046 29643 X X
Sample 
Households
1865 1810 422 1203 323 1462 2161 115 2186 1332 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
All
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
No. of  
Households
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
                          Household social group: OBC
                             Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
90

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 35837 5745 48 118 66 1101717500 42 70373 19002 2134 68
2 146531164909 1829 178 1213 70777113741117 499296 1215951652 64
3 434683279111 134 596 1429 7357014479657 934377 1484211458 50
4 56522256166615032 551 6540 3897117408983 13621532258351636 67
5 796055803241 1831 848 1977794624180267227518989191757852000 71
6 1333672954327 4312 1225 1493 6322416185718392521949 91618 1949 93
7 165948113236183496 1330 2678104060235112522833350032550152538106
8 253961614255088358 21931242017484720692757943704493852142730124
9 386703920463565928 391722610260759466710496766782874690313447149
10 1460673335053814784 398014903396099126920229323198304055139534808260
All 413844014880364727 19881017117118942174974586243758293375243501052
Estimated 
Households(00)
21591 20319 3855 125482849 17058239852973 24311 13776 X X
Sample 
Households
944 907 188 595 129 772 1037 144 1050 609 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
All
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
No. of  
Households
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
                                              Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
                                          Household social group: Others
91

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry
Farm 
business
equip- 
ment
Non-
farm 
business 
equip-
ment
All 
transport
equip- 
ment
Deposits 
etc.
Shares 
etc.
Any
Estd 
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)(13)
1 20862 15782 268 175 396 1372020004 12 71219 67374 8329362
2 196115180932 1775 280 3770 4380183020461 510153 1011828327340
3 442150375230 579 293 5024 4391967372 94 934660 1531898270281
4 63056857382910018 341 2591 4494199587 44 13619191850348343324
5 883129849438 3295 740 7570 662309982561719108421873468289328
6 1367676969066 8014 1096 3527 8748310495161925424332099808329359
7 169774213256044747 100612011114328176745180433339873044008259349
8 247558415517086743 13161266917027420756225844261143437998353387
9 415677918753543923 292020966219012364470221166456354047938288398
10 1480101532227184560 411820907470548103534720812195800246376098319462
All 266791610938354397 1228 893712744122591626944132364259443831073590
Estimated 
Households(00)
72595 69964 15932434561052854796821466468 83011 49061 X X
Sample 
Households
3114 3016 677 1966 483 2406 3540 276 3586 2146 X X
Table 1.12: Average value of assets by asset category as on 30.6.18 and average value of cash outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset 
holding class and household social group.
All
Average 
value of 
cash loan 
out-
standing 
(Rs. lakhs)
No. of  
Households
Household asset 
holding class
Category of assets
                           Household social group: All
                                  Average value of assets (Rs. lakhs)
92

Average area 
of land per 
household (ha.)
Average value 
of land per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting per 
1000 
households
No. of 
reporting 
sample 
households
Average area 
of land per 
household (ha.)
Average value 
of land per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting per 
1000 
households
No. of 
reporting 
sample 
households
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 0.006 40013 271 36 0 0 0 0
2 0.036 244191 846 141 0 0 0 0
3 0.046 423770 994 135 0 1892 6 1
4 0.235 618028 970 158 0 1271 2 1
5 0.095 944590 997 167 0 4570 3 1
6 0.226 1427620 1000 174 0 0 0 0
7 0.156 1752747 989 159 0.001 4366 11 1
8 0.226 2591561 989 203 0.001 33791 11 2
9 0.444 4123246 999 187 0.001 68195 16 5
10 1.309 10170701 997 245 0.004 151005 34 8
All 0.278 2235450 905 1605 0.001 26539 8 19
Table 1.15: Proportion of households reporting rural and urban land,  average area of rural and urban land, and average value of rural and 
urban land per household in each household asset holding class as on 30.06.2018.
                                                                                                                                                                                 Rural                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
Household 
asset holding 
class
Rural land	Urban land
1
93

Average area 
of land per 
household (ha.)
Average value 
of land per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting per 
1000 
households
No. of 
reporting 
sample 
households
Average area 
of land per 
household (ha.)
Average value 
of land per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting per 
1000 
households
No. of 
reporting 
sample 
households
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 0 0 0 0 0 9 1 1
2 0.001 20614 53 14 0.023 123097 498 77
3 0.004 53677 109 11 0.024 406299 827 117
4 0.001 34278 38 9 0.09 608523 952 151
5 0.004 37459 35 6 0.049 773351 934 150
6 0.003 47946 41 8 0.05 1254682 987 180
7 0.007 72227 66 12 0.044 1560637 950 180
8 0.012 187475 120 21 0.069 2125247 954 175
9 0.018 211350 121 26 0.217 3907735 985 204
10 0.201 2283544 260 56 0.207 17409999 988 212
All 0.025 294703 84 163 0.077 2815102 807 1447
                                                                                                                                                                      Urban                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
Household 
asset holding 
class
Rural land	Urban land
Table 1.15: Proportion of households reporting rural and urban land,  average area of rural and urban land, and average value of rural and 
urban land per household in each household asset holding class as on 30.06.2018.
2
94

Average area 
of land per 
household (ha.)
Average value 
of land per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting per 
1000 
households
No. of 
reporting 
sample 
households
Average area 
of land per 
household (ha.)
Average value 
of land per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting per 
1000 
households
No. of 
reporting 
sample 
households
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
1 0.003 20858 141 36 0 4 0 1
2 0.02 137218 466 155 0.011 58897 238 77
3 0.026 245939 569 146 0.011 196211 401 118
4 0.123 338141 523 167 0.043 292427 458 152
5 0.051 511638 538 173 0.023 371491 448 151
6 0.119 765956 540 182 0.024 601720 473 180
7 0.085 949724 548 171 0.021 748018 460 181
8 0.124 1439862 572 224 0.033 1035721 463 177
9 0.24 2249275 578 213 0.105 1907504 481 209
10 0.779 6401000 645 301 0.101 8400015 490 220
All 0.157 1306238 512 1768 0.037 1361678 391 1466
Household 
asset holding 
class
Rural land	Urban land
Table 1.15: Proportion of households reporting rural and urban land,  average area of rural and urban land, and average value of rural and 
urban land per household in each household asset holding class as on 30.06.2018.
                                                                                                                                                                                     All                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
3
95

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	849 12 3 851 11 46 369 3 400 219
All-India	849 12 3 851 11 46 369 3 400 219
Estimated 
Households(00)
1450 33 9 1450 29 126 902 9 1089 596
Sample Households 51 3 1 51 1 4 34 1 37 21
Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	668 33 22 680 41 12 363 8 291 145
All-India	668 33 22 680 41 12 363 8 291 145
Estimated 
Households(00)
3971 303 175 4046 402 122 2920 81 2752 1373
Sample Households 142 13 4 145 14 5 97 3 103 50
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: SC	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
                            Household social group: ST	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
96

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	744 48 11 748 28 25 438 32 345 240
All-India	744 48 11 748 28 25 438 32 345 240
Estimated 
Households(00)
19447 1926 480 19447 1230 1094 15296 1250 14960 10346
Sample Households 822 60 19 822 59 60 622 75 633 439
Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	871 58 16 871 50 51 647 112 463 378
All-India	871 58 16 871 50 51 647 112 463 378
Estimated 
Households(00)
12647 1321 362 12647 1126 1156 10803 2045 10041 8143
Sample Households 538 59 17 538 47 59 457 97 445 372
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	Rural
97

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	774 48 13 778 35 32 486 51 374 267
All-India	774 48 13 778 35 32 486 51 374 267
Estimated 
Households(00)
37515 3584 1026 37591 2786 2497 29921 3386 28843 20459
Sample Households 1553 135 41 1556 121 128 1210 176 1218 882
Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	873 109 4 873 186 9 208 3 207 115
All-India	873 109 4 873 186 9 208 3 207 115
Estimated 
Households(00)
1626 276 12 1626 482 30 653 9 651 374
Sample Households 59 9 2 59 22 2 33 1 22 13
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group:ST	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning
 agricultural land
98

Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	718 66 17 723 236 37 383 6 196 127
All-India	718 66 17 723 236 37 383 6 196 127
Estimated 
Households(00)
4401 642 114 4432 2127 390 3320 69 2121 1369
Sample Households 153 25 2 154 67 9 108 3 75 39
Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	736 71 3 745 227 9 339 10 207 129
All-India	736 71 3 745 227 9 339 10 207 129
Estimated 
Households(00)
21392 3115 168 21485 9930 440 13215 471 9885 6253
Sample Households 895 126 10 900 349 25 545 27 397 260
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: SC	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	Rural
99

Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	832 101 13 845 170 58 522 49 226 173
All-India	832 101 13 845 170 58 522 49 226 173
Estimated 
Households(00)
12832 2311 250 12832 3827 1114 9966 1064 5194 3949
Sample Households 536 96 12 536 138 53 401 48 224 183
Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	766 80 8 774 211 26 390 20 211 140
All-India	766 80 8 774 211 26 390 20 211 140
Estimated 
Households(00)
40250 6343 544 40375 16365 1974 27153 1613 17851 11945
Sample Households 1643 256 26 1649 576 89 1087 79 718 495
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
100

Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	862 66 3 863 107 26 281 3 294 162
All-India	862 66 3 863 107 26 281 3 294 162
Estimated 
Households(00)
3076 309 21 3076 512 156 1555 18 1740 971
Sample Households 110 12 3 110 23 6 67 2 59 34
Gender:  All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	694 50 19 702 143 25 374 7 242 135
All-India	694 50 19 702 143 25 374 7 242 135
Estimated 
Households(00)
8372 945 289 8478 2529 512 6239 150 4873 2742
Sample Households 295 38 6 299 81 14 205 6 178 89
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: ST	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: SC	Rural
101

Gender:  All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	740 60 7 746 133 17 386 21 273 182
All-India	740 60 7 746 133 17 386 21 273 182
Estimated 
Households(00)
40839 5041 647 40933 11159 1534 28511 1722 24846 16599
Sample Households 1717 186 29 1722 408 85 1167 102 1030 699
Gender:  All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	851 80 14 857 112 55 583 79 341 273
All-India	851 80 14 857 112 55 583 79 341 273
Estimated 
Households(00)
25479 3632 613 25479 4952 2270 20769 3109 15235 12092
Sample Households 1074 155 29 1074 185 112 858 145 669 555
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
102

Gender:  All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	770 65 10 776 127 29 436 35 289 201
All-India	770 65 10 776 127 29 436 35 289 201
Estimated 
Households(00)
77766 9927 1570 77965 19152 4472 57075 4999 46694 32404
Sample Households 3196 391 67 3205 697 217 2297 255 1936 1377
Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 267 0 1000 103 115 533 0 685 267
All-India	1000 267 0 1000 103 115 533 0 685 267
Estimated 
Households(00)
135 53 0 135 20 23 80 0 135 53
Sample Households 5 1 0 5 1 2 3 0 5 1
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	Rural
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: ST	Urban
103

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	781 43 3 782 35 24 420 46 380 156
All-India	781 43 3 782 35 24 420 46 380 156
Estimated 
Households(00)
2632 246 19 2632 200 110 1977 215 2094 876
Sample Households 95 11 1 95 8 6 70 8 67 31
Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	731 37 9 732 32 25 451 70 303 167
All-India	731 37 9 732 32 25 451 70 303 167
Estimated 
Households(00)
22518 1637 408 22518 1556 1204 17413 3044 14598 7996
Sample Households 1038 65 20 1038 71 69 805 149 698 378
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: SC	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
104

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	806 80 13 806 61 23 575 146 400 188
All-India	806 80 13 806 61 23 575 146 400 188
Estimated 
Households(00)
9157 1339 212 9168 1069 388 7689 2308 6653 3205
Sample Households 428 53 10 429 41 29 365 103 310 170
Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	753 48 9 754 40 24 478 86 334 171
All-India	753 48 9 754 40 24 478 86 334 171
Estimated 
Households(00)
34442 3274 639 34453 2846 1725 27158 5566 23478 12130
Sample Households 1566 130 31 1567 121 106 1243 260 1080 580
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	Urban
105

Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 345 0 1000 0 10 355 0 234 234
All-India	1000 345 0 1000 0 10 355 0 234 234
Estimated 
Households(00)
135 77 0 135 0 2 80 0 53 53
Sample Households 5 2 0 5 0 1 3 0 1 1
Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	726 68 6 734 189 16 374 27 216 114
All-India	726 68 6 734 189 16 374 27 216 114
Estimated 
Households(00)
23407 3483 318 23605 9185 866 16222 1364 11527 6000
Sample Households 1100 168 12 1109 374 52 749 57 525 274
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
106

Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	805 126 9 818 161 36 445 82 284 138
All-India	805 126 9 818 161 36 445 82 284 138
Estimated 
Households(00)
9745 2217 169 9859 2835 563 6893 1370 5026 2408
Sample Households 439 103 13 441 112 35 321 52 214 117
Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	753 82 6 762 185 20 389 38 232 114
All-India	753 82 6 762 185 20 389 38 232 114
Estimated 
Households(00)
36043 6179 506 36383 13147 1464 24912 2760 17840 8659
Sample Households 1646 297 26 1658 530 92 1138 110 784 403
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Householdsocial group: All	Urban
107

Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 1000 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
All-India	1000 1000 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated 
Households(00)
51 51 0 51 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sample Households 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Transgender
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
All-India	1000 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated 
Households(00)
3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sample Households 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Transgender	Household social group: OBC	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
108

Transgender
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 952 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
All-India	1000 952 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated 
Households(00)
54 51 0 54 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sample Households 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 309 0 1000 48 59 438 0 445 250
All-India	1000 309 0 1000 48 59 438 0 445 250
Estimated 
Households(00)
269 130 0 269 20 25 159 0 187 105
Sample Households 10 3 0 10 1 3 6 0 6 2
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Householdsocial group: ST	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	Urban
109

Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	803 55 3 806 137 16 383 27 294 92
All-India	803 55 3 806 137 16 383 27 294 92
Estimated 
Households(00)
5389 647 38 5417 1327 143 3695 240 3327 1075
Sample Households 197 35 2 198 52 10 135 9 111 42
Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	729 54 7 733 115 20 410 47 257 139
All-India	729 54 7 733 115 20 410 47 257 139
Estimated 
Households(00)
45976 5171 726 46174 10741 2071 33635 4408 26125 13995
Sample Households 2139 234 32 2148 445 121 1554 206 1223 652
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Householdsocial group: SC	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
110

Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	805 104 11 813 113 30 508 113 340 162
All-India	805 104 11 813 113 30 508 113 340 162
Estimated 
Households(00)
18905 3556 381 19030 3904 951 14582 3678 11679 5614
Sample Households 868 156 23 871 153 64 686 155 524 287
Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	753 66 8 758 116 22 431 61 280 141
All-India	753 66 8 758 116 22 431 61 280 141
Estimated 
Households(00)
70540 9504 1145 70890 15993 3189 52071 8327 41318 20789
Sample Households 3214 428 57 3227 651 198 2381 370 1864 983
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	Urban
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	Urban
111

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	859 29 3 861 17 51 380 3 419 222
All-India	859 29 3 861 17 51 380 3 419 222
Estimated 
Households(00)
1585 86 9 1585 50 148 982 9 1224 649
Sample Households 56 4 1 56 2 6 37 1 42 22
Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	710 37 15 717 39 17 384 22 324 149
All-India	710 37 15 717 39 17 384 22 324 149
Estimated 
Households(00)
6603 549 194 6678 602 232 4897 296 4846 2249
Sample Households 237 24 5 240 22 11 167 11 170 81
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: SC	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: ST	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
112

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	737 42 10 739 30 25 445 52 323 202
All-India	737 42 10 739 30 25 445 52 323 202
Estimated 
Households(00)
41966 3563 888 41966 2786 2298 32708 4294 29558 18342
Sample Households 1860 125 39 1860 130 129 1427 224 1331 817
Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	842 68 15 843 55 39 616 127 436 295
All-India	842 68 15 843 55 39 616 127 436 295
Estimated 
Households(00)
21805 2660 574 21815 2195 1544 18493 4353 16694 11348
Sample Households 966 112 27 967 88 88 822 200 755 542
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	All
113

Gender: Male
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	764 48 11 767 37 28 482 68 355 221
All-India	764 48 11 767 37 28 482 68 355 221
Estimated 
Households(00)
71958 6858 1665 72044 5633 4222 57080 8952 52321 32588
Sample Households 3119 265 72 3123 242 234 2453 436 2298 1462
Gender: Female
bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	881 124 3 881 174 9 218 3 209 122
All-India	881 124 3 881 174 9 218 3 209 122
Estimated 
Households(00)
1760 353 12 1760 482 32 732 9 703 427
Sample Households 64 11 2 64 22 3 36 1 23 14
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: ST	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
114

Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	756 66 12 761 235 26 371 7 202 93
All-India	756 66 12 761 235 26 371 7 202 93
Estimated 
Households(00)
7158 1043 133 7217 3254 423 5038 94 3354 1568
Sample Households 255 49 3 257 111 13 173 4 119 50
Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	731 70 5 739 207 13 358 19 212 121
All-India	731 70 5 739 207 13 358 19 212 121
Estimated 
Households(00)
44799 6598 486 45090 19115 1307 29437 1836 21413 12252
Sample Households 1995 294 22 2009 723 77 1294 84 922 534
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: SC	All
115

Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	820 112 11 833 166 48 488 63 251 158
All-India	820 112 11 833 166 48 488 63 251 158
Estimated 
Households(00)
22577 4528 419 22691 6661 1677 16859 2434 10220 6357
Sample Households 975 199 25 977 250 88 722 100 438 300
Gender: Female
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	760 81 7 768 199 23 389 29 221 128
All-India	760 81 7 768 199 23 389 29 221 128
Estimated 
Households(00)
76294 12522 1049 76758 29512 3439 52066 4373 35691 20604
Sample Households 3289 553 52 3307 1106 181 2225 189 1502 898
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
116

Transgender
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 1000 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
All-India	1000 1000 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated 
Households(00)
51 51 0 51 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sample Households 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Transgender
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
All-India	1000 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated 
Households(00)
3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sample Households 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/.JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	All
117

Transgender
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	1000 952 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
All-India	1000 952 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0
Estimated 
Households(00)
54 51 0 54 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sample Households 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	871 81 3 872 103 28 291 3 304 168
All-India	871 81 3 872 103 28 291 3 304 168
Estimated 
Households(00)
3345 439 21 3345 532 181 1714 18 1927 1076
Sample Households 120 15 3 120 24 9 73 2 65 36
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: ST	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
118

Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	734 52 14 740 141 22 377 14 260 120
All-India	734 52 14 740 141 22 377 14 260 120
Estimated 
Households(00)
13761 1593 327 13895 3856 655 9934 390 8200 3817
Sample Households 492 73 8 497 133 24 340 15 289 131
Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	734 57 7 739 123 18 399 34 265 159
All-India	734 57 7 739 123 18 399 34 265 159
Estimated 
Households(00)
86816 10212 1373 87107 21901 3605 62146 6130 50971 30594
Sample Households 3856 420 61 3870 853 206 2721 308 2253 1351
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: OBC	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: SC	All
119

Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	831 91 13 838 112 44 550 94 341 224
All-India	831 91 13 838 112 44 550 94 341 224
Estimated 
Households(00)
44384 7188 993 44509 8856 3221 35351 6787 26914 17705
Sample Households 1942 311 52 1945 338 176 1544 300 1193 842
Gender: All
Bank 
#
P.O. 
#
NBFC
#
Any of Bank/ 
P.O/
NBFC
Credit/ 
debit card
#
An
e-wallet
#
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	762 65 9 768 122 26 434 47 285 172
All-India	762 65 9 768 122 26 434 47 285 172
Estimated 
Households(00)
148305 19431 2714 148856 35145 7661 109145 13326 88012 53193
Sample Households 6410 819 124 6432 1348 415 4678 625 3800 2360
Holding
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Owning 
land
Owning 
agricultural land
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: All	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Table 1.18: Number per 1000 persons (a) having deposit account in (i) bank (ii) P.O. (iii) NBFC (b) contributing in Co-op. Credit society/SHG/JLG (c) having 
deposit account in non instt. agency (d) holding (i) credit/debit card  (ii) e-wallet and (e) proportion of persons owning land.
Household social group: Others	All
Per 1000 no. of persons
Having deposit account in
Contributing in 
Co-op. Credit 
society/SHG
/JLG
Having deposit 
account in non 
instt. agency
#
Holding
120

No. of persons
Average per capita 
asset value
% Share of assetsNo. of persons
Average per capita 
asset value
% Share of assets
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
1 1124772 44312 0 1101608 8601	0
2 1618969 156605 2 1346819 127164 1
3 1869020 216634 3 1525597 241277 2
4 1717109 340757 4 1567547 351598 3
5 1811185 450202 5 1638490 468989 4
6 1748485 617647 7 1787699 580468 6
7 1647564 852633 9 1653539 815689 7
8 1885499 1021831 12 1669948 1060300 9
9 1723031 1645073 18 1635541 1634684 14
10 1726406 3665972 40 1532519 6499099 53
All 16872041 929563 100 15459307 1206983 100
Table 1.19: Percentage shares of assets held by different decile classes of population.
Household per 
capita asset 
holding class
Rural	Urban
121

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 71 119075 322 63010 2348 108 53
02 85 594564 529 119607 2834 109 60
03 96 949820 740 125079 3178 97 72
04 96 1357626 575 151001 3175 120 72
05 105 1895741 563 153500 3490 137 86
06 112 2500901 696 207483 3710 141 95
07 109 3255935 723 291174 3629 137 87
08 111 4417428 704 277414 3697 175 119
09 101 6585782 608 346801 3353 157 96
10 115 14552953 641 575656 3830 214 137
All 1000 3945472 623 244240 33244 1395 877
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                                    Sex of head of household: Male                                                                             Rural
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
122

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01
198 109765 239 58637 1994 85 32
02
150 563605 375 35957 1509 52 19
03
111 921358 566 113081 1118 41 23
04
116 1319234 542 219144 1168 43 19
05
84 1825000 675 183850 843 31 16
06
62 2434999 435 149170 625 33 15
07
68 3265365 719 245065 683 23 16
08
65 4484077 488 226755 654 30 15
09
96 6491195 598 179103 965 31 17
10
51 14721288 451 454112 513 32 17
All 1000 2548940 473 151223 10072 401 189
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                             Sex of head of household: Female                                                      Rural                                                                
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
123

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 100 114799 284 61002 4342 193 85
02 100 583806 475 90538 4343 161 79
03 99 942411 695 121956 4296 138 95
04 100 1347302 566 169325 4343 163 91
05 100 1881977 585 159405 4333 168 102
06 100 2491402 659 199077 4335 174 110
07 100 3257429 722 283870 4313 160 103
08 100 4427449 672 269797 4352 205 134
09 100 6564652 606 309338 4318 188 113
10 100 14572821 618 561311 4343 246 154
All 1000 3620748 588 222611 43316 1796 1066
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                     Sex of head of household: All                                            Rural                                       
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
124

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 87 22545 429 76468 2566 98 50
02 76 456411 471 85726 2248 104 47
03 86 934823 586 176415 2525 98 55
04 97 1392436 714 225984 2853 117 86
05 102 1948164 679 220521 3005 121 77
06 96 2592068 692 258810 2837 138 94
07 104 3412776 649 385492 3073 142 91
08 108 4407721 674 467351 3174 143 96
09 125 6738012 647 537519 3683 188 121
10 118 25609162 559 784592 3481 189 114
All 1000 5401899 616 348267 29445 1338 831
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                   Sex of head of household: Male                                          Urban                                                       
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
125

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 137 25963 358 70423 1421 71 35
02 168 395489 528 147833 1736 75 42
03 140 911393 689 205322 1449 45 28
04 111 1341355 686 142644 1147 44 28
05 92 1924422 590 209814 951 39 22
06 112 2611882 548 131132 1158 47 23
07 84 3434776 385 120471 873 47 27
08 80 4489608 445 259105 828 39 19
09 28 6678466 301 137900 287 22 12
10 48 21114379 509 273749 495 27 13
All 1000 2661200 527 160851 10346 456 249
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                   Sex of head of household: Female                                       Urban                                                     
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
126

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 100 23764 404 74313 3987 169 85
02 100 429869 496 112785 3984 179 89
03 100 926279 623 186956 3974 143 83
04 101 1377789 706 202087 4000 161 114
05 99 1942457 657 217947 3956 160 99
06 100 2597809 650 221812 3995 185 117
07 99 3417646 591 326834 3946 189 118
08 101 4424661 627 424270 4002 182 115
09 100 6733703 622 508599 3970 210 133
10 100 25049144 552 720945 3976 216 127
All 1000 4689306 593 299538 39791 1794 1080
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                             Sex of head of household: All                                     Urban                                
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
127

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 78 68666 378 70038 4913 206 103
02 81 533444 503 104618 5082 213 107
03 91 943181 672 147807 5703 195 127
04 96 1374102 641 186491 6028 237 158
05 104 1919997 617 184510 6495 258 163
06 104 2540407 694 229725 6547 279 189
07 107 3327846 689 334419 6702 279 178
08 110 4412944 691 365149 6871 318 215
09 112 6665465 629 446631 7036 345 217
10 117 19816708 602 675129 7311 403 251
All 1000 4629554 620 293101 62689 2733 1708
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                        Sex of head of household: Male                                        All                                                     
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
128

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 167 74890 289 63542 3415 156 67
02 159 473677 457 95802 3245 127 61
03 126 915734 635 165142 2567 86 51
04 113 1330195 613 181238 2315 87 47
05 88 1877701 630 197612 1794 70 38
06 87 2549875 508 137455 1782 80 38
07 76 3360427 532 175151 1557 70 43
08 73 4487166 464 244824 1482 69 34
09 61 6534177 530 169646 1252 53 29
10 49 17863321 479 365468 1008 59 30
All 1000 2605822 500 156102 20418 857 438
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                        Sex of head of household: Female                                         All                                                      
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
129

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 100 71219 341 67374 8329 362 170
02 100 510153 485 101182 8327 340 168
03 100 934660 660 153189 8270 281 178
04 100 1361919 633 185034 8343 324 205
05 100 1910842 619 187346 8289 328 201
06 100 2542433 655 209980 8329 359 227
07 99 3333987 659 304400 8259 349 221
08 101 4426114 650 343799 8353 387 249
09 100 6645635 614 404793 8288 398 246
10 100 19580024 587 637609 8319 462 281
All 1000 4132364 590 259443 83107 3590 2146
Table 1.4: Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per 
household as on 30.06.18 by household asset holding class and sex of head of household.
                                                         Sex of head of household: All                                                      All
Household 
asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household 
(Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of 
cash loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
130

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
1 162 2945789 478 219634 4588 169 66
2 178 3331066 596 197083 5032 227 128
3 213 3990953 659 232849 6023 233 149
4 217 4760852 678 214718 6158 263 170
5 231 7700768 719 452897 6531 319 219
All Classes 1000 4727011 637 271139 28332 1211 732
Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
1 269 680113 216 34731 4037 130 53
2 246 1446621 515 80570 3687 147 80
3 175 1450478 564 138105 2623 91 56
4 167 2484327 610 218352 2505 117 75
5 142 2253477 776 288167 2131 100 70
All Classes 1000 1529051 496 130856 14984 585 334
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each 
of the  major household type.
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
                                 Major household type: Non - Cultivator/Others                                   Rural
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each of the  major household type.
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
                                 Major household type: Cultivator/Self-employed                                               Rural
131

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
1 199 1885303 356 133087 8625 299 119
2 201 2534129 562 147809 8719 374 208
3 200 3220163 630 204103 8646 324 205
4 200 4102532 659 215769 8664 380 245
5 200 6360529 733 412367 8662 419 289
All Classes 1000 3620748 588 222611 43316 1796 1066
Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 122 2766970 612 166028 972 42 27
02 212 3804321 726 299536 1694 70 45
03 198 7932065 772 456658 1580 78 57
04 208 5616921 559 181858 1667 83 45
05 261 11188297 656 869048 2086 124 86
All 1000 6796842 668 438337 7998 397 260
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each 
of the  major household type.
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
                                                     Major household type: Cultivator / Self-employed                                     Urban
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each of the  major household type.
quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
                                                        Major household type: All                                                                         Rural
132

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 220 1936470 395 108623 6983 264 122
02 197 2522849 541 173195 6264 272 156
03 201 3369416 619 236612 6379 287 183
04 198 4916987 594 251441 6309 282 156
05 184 8601576 751 593008 5858 292 203
All 1000 4159087 574 264619 31792 1397 820
Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 200 2037963 422 115638 7955 306 149
02 200 2795625 581 200088 7957 342 201
03 200 4275221 650 280297 7959 365 240
04 200 5063251 587 236901 7976 365 201
05 200 9280742 726 665485 7944 416 289
All 1000 4689306 593 299538 39791 1794 1080
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each 
of the  major household type.
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
Major household type: All                                    Urban
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each of the  major household type.
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
                          Major household type: Non- Cultivator/Others                                                                 Urban
133

All
Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 153 2914522 502 210261 5560 211 93
02 185 3450251 629 222885 6726 297 173
03 209 4809986 683 279360 7603 311 206
04 215 4943186 653 207719 7825 346 215
05 237 8544966 704 553631 8617 443 305
All 1000 5182702 644 307949 36330 1608 992
All
Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 236 1476227 330 81554 11020 394 175
02 213 2124042 531 138872 9951 419 236
03 192 2810218 603 207906 9002 378 239
04 188 4225535 599 242036 8814 399 231
05 171 6908202 757 511691 7989 392 273
All 1000 3316593 549 221770 46777 1982 1154
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each 
of the  major household type.
Major household type: Non- Cultivator / Others                      All
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each of the  major household type.
Major household type: Cultivator / Self-employed                                      All
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
134

All
Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
01 199 1958550 387 124715 16580 605 268
02 201 2658903 571 172754 16677 716 409
03 200 3725853 640 240623 16605 689 445
04 200 4563026 624 225898 16639 745 446
05 200 7757495 730 533453 16606 835 578
All 1000 4132364 590 259443 83107 3590 2146
Table 1.5: Per 1000 number of households and average value (Rs.) of assets per household by quintile class of UMPCE  for each 
of the  major household type.
Major household type: All                                                All
Quintile class of 
UMPCE
Per 1000 
number of
households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
Number of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of households
No. of sample
households 
reporting cash 
loan
135

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
SC 109 1577967 618 135593 4734 172 104
ST 39 2405281 480 93379 1676 60 31
OBC 529 3029620 608 222207 22933 982 588
Others 323 5428976 558 268265 13972 582 343
All (incl. n.r.)1000 3620748 588 222611 43316 1796 1066
Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
SC 78 2177443 597 231361 3109 113 67
ST 3 7198851 425 140328 135 5 3
OBC 658 3923299 600 297493 26169 1206 744
Others 261 7340687 577 327182 10378 470 266
All (incl. n.r.)1000 4689306 593 299538 39791 1794 1080
Table 1.6:  Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per household  as 
on 30.06.18 by household social group.
                                                                                                                                                           Urban
Household 
social group 
(Block 4,item3)
Per   1000 no. 
of households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of Households
No. of sample 
households 
reporting cash 
loan
Table 1.6:  Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per household  as 
on 30.06.18 by household social group.
                                                                                                                                                                  Rural
Household 
social group 
(Block 4,item3)
Per   1000 no. 
of households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of Households
No. of sample 
households 
reporting cash 
loan
136

Estimated (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
SC 94 1815588 609 173554 7843 285 171
ST 22 2761532 476 96868 1811 65 34
OBC 591 3505905 604 262331 49103 2188 1332
Others 293 6243758 566 293375 24350 1052 609
All (incl. n.r.)1000 4132364 590 259443 83107 3590 2146
Table 1.6:  Per 1000 number of households, average value of assets per household  and amount of cash loan per household  as 
on 30.06.18 by household social group.
                                                                                                                                                                    All
Household 
social group 
(Block 4,item3)
Per   1000 no. 
of households
Average value 
of assets  per 
household (Rs.)
No. of 
households 
reporting cash 
loan per 1000
households
Average 
amount of cash 
loan per 
household
(Rs.)
No of Households
No. of sample 
households 
reporting cash 
loan
137

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
farm 
business 
equip.
All 
transp. 
equip.
Deposits 
etc.
Share 
etc.
Estd. (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)(10) (11) (12) (13)
1 171 168 196 741 5 433 935 46 1000 435 1300 65
2
919 859 206 781 149 408 998 25 1000 636 1311 48
3
994 975 285 702 189 454 981 240 1000 770 1860 62
4
966 918 253 772 99 542 1000 69 1000 562 2441 92
5
1000 997 350 868 213 642 1000 49 1000 583 2930 106
6
1000 997 391 790 158 644 985 25 1000 685 3091 129
7
1000 995 369 820 127 700 1000 122 1000 725 3561 131
8
1000 1000 264 739 175 712 995 59 1000 670 3815 178
9
1000 979 283 811 127 884 1000 63 1000 608 3952 171
10
1000 992 260 790 145 830 999 209 1000 606 4072 229
All classes955 941 297 788 146 678 993 95 1000 637 28332 1211
Estimated 
Households
27054 26666 8400 22326 4123 19218 28141 26912833218034 X X
Sample 
Households
1144 1130 344 955 173 824 1200 118 1211 732 X X
Table 1.9C: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by 
household asset holding class.
Rural
Household 
asset holding  
 class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of Households
Assets of category
Any
Cash loan
outstanding
Major household type: Cultivator
138

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
farm 
business 
equip.
All 
transp. 
equip.
Deposits 
etc.
Share 
etc.
Estd. (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)(10) (11) (12) (13)
1 313 167 77 137 43 255 971 9 993 219 3042 128
2
814 811 75 195 109 414 935 41 1000 406 3032 113
3
993 940 114 340 115 452 970 9 1000 638 2436 76
4
980 968 304 170 131 664 998 0 1000 571 1902 71
5
1000 987 115 465 43 871 995 8 1000 588 1403 62
6
1000 983 215 159 40 611 994 11 1000 594 1244 45
7
939 939 155 239 216 761 1000 118 1000 707 752 29
8
1000 909 75 349 65 771 1000 218 1000 685 537 27
9
1000 1000 327 400 565 1000 1000 282 1000 586 366 17
10
955 955 191 396 996 1000 354 1000 807 271 17
All classes815 769 138 242 107 534 975 40 999 496 14984 585
Estimated 
Households
12216 11521 2075 3630 1598 7999 14611 604 14963 7434 X X
Sample 
Households
466 445 80 156 59 302 564 23 583 334 X X
Table 1.9C: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by 
household asset holding class.
Rural
Household 
asset holding  
 class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of Households
Assets of category
Any
Cash loan
outstanding
Major household type: Non - Cultivator
139

LandBuilding
Livestock 
 & 
poultry
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-
farm 
business 
equip.
All 
transp. 
equip.
Deposits 
etc.
Share 
etc.
Estd. (00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)(10) (11) (12) (13)
1 271 167 113 317 31 308 961 20 995 284 4342 193
2
846 825 115 372 121 412 954 36 1000 475 4343 161
3
994 955 188 497 147 453 975 109 1000 695 4296 138
4
972 940 275 508 113 595 999 39 1000 566 4343 163
5
1000 994 273 738 158 716 998 36 1000 585 4333 168
6
1000 993 340 609 124 635 988 21 1000 659 4335 174
7
989 985 332 719 142 711 1000 121 1000 722 4313 160
8
1000 989 241 691 161 719 996 79 1000 672 4352 205
9
1000 981 286 777 164 894 1000 82 1000 606 4318 188
10
997 990 256 766 157 840 999 218 1000 618 4343 246
All classes907 882 242 599 132 628 987 76 1000 588 43316 1796
Estimated 
Households
39271 38187 10475 25956 5721 27216 42752 32944329525468 X X
Sample 
Households
1610 1575 424 1111 232 1126 1764 141 1794 1066 X X
Table 1.9C: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by 
household asset holding class.
Rural
Household 
asset holding  
 class
Per 1000 no. of households reporting
No. of Households
Assets of category
Any
Cash loan
outstanding
Major household type: All
140

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-fram 
business 
equip
All transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
01 0 0 16 155 116 818 1000 76 1000 960 193 12
02 478 372 180 392 380 688 988 278 1000 536 748 37
03 837 667 12 287 442 899 851 0 1000 877 362 17
04 1000 958 323 455 230 1000 1000 315 1000 866 544 20
05 915 833 238 563 305 863 1000 257 1000 704 755 31
06 982 1000 285 701 467 826 1000 172 1000 702 1039 47
07 1000 971 35 324 392 947 975 10 1000 645 929 39
08 1000 888 217 429 327 858 995 74 1000 710 961 51
09 1000 992 148 686 509 843 1000 181 1000 723 1057 57
10 1000 998 154 685 471 913 996 160 1000 472 1410 86
All Classes909 865 176 529 399 867 988 158 1000 668 7998 397
Estimated 
Households
7272 6920 1408 4231 3190 6935 7903 1264 7998 5347 X X
Sample 
Households
359 341 68 210 170 345 390 49 397 260 X X
Table 1.9C: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset holding 
class.
                                                                            Major household type: Self-employed                                                        Urban
Household 
asset holding 
class
                        Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
No. of  Households
141

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-fram 
business 
equip
All transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
01 1 2 62 132 23 310 977 13 980 375 3794 157
02 568 481 127 243 33 490 981 32 1000 487 3236 142
03 900 811 57 331 78 622 977 90 1000 598 3612 126
04 984 923 229 402 42 625 983 55 1000 681 3456 141
05 981 929 89 473 80 677 1000 60 1000 646 3201 129
06 989 977 137 565 18 694 999 35 1000 632 2956 138
07 989 970 135 525 64 813 1000 18 1000 574 3018 150
08 997 964 148 534 103 740 1000 112 1000 601 3040 131
09 1000 991 130 585 32 796 1000 65 1000 586 2913 153
10 1000 1000 188 505 37 871 998 139 1000 597 2567 130
All Classes819 782 127 417 51 649 991 60 998 574 31792 1397
Estimated 
Households
26052 24857 4050 13268 1618 20645 31491 1909 31717 18247 X X
Sample 
Households
1145 1100 185 645 81 935 1386 86 1395 820 X X
Table 1.9C: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset holding 
class.
                                                                              Major household type: Others                                                      Urban
Household 
asset holding 
class
Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
No. of  Households
142

Land Building
Livestock 
& poultry 
Farm 
business 
equip.
Non-fram 
business 
equip
All transp. 
equip
Deposits 
etc.
Share etc.	Estd.(00)Sample
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
01 1 2 59 133 27 334 978 17 981 404 3987 169
02 551 461 137 271 98 527 982 78 1000 496 3984 179
03 894 798 53 327 111 647 965 82 1000 623 3974 143
04 987 928 242 409 67 676 985 90 1000 706 4000 161
05 969 911 117 490 123 713 1000 98 1000 657 3956 160
06 987 983 175 601 135 728 999 71 1000 650 3995 185
07 992 970 112 478 141 845 994 16 1000 591 3946 189
08 998 946 165 509 157 768 999 103 1000 627 4002 182
09 1000 992 135 612 159 808 1000 96 1000 622 3970 210
10 1000 999 176 569 191 886 997 147 1000 552 3976 216
All Classes837 799 137 440 121 693 990 80 998 593 39791 1794
Estimated 
Households
33324 31777 5457 17500 4807 27579 39394 3174 39716 23593 X X
Sample 
Households
1504 1441 253 855 251 1280 1776 135 1792 1080 X X
Table 1.9C: Per 1000 number of households reporting assets of specified categories and cash loan outstanding as on 30.6.18 by household asset holding 
class.
                                                                              Major household type:  All                                                  Urban
Household 
asset holding 
class
Assets of category
Any 
Cash loan 
outstanding
No. of  Households
143

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
All 
classes
Estd. (00)Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)
Scheduled commercial bank 92 170 187 214 175 271 328 404 381 370 259 11221 374
Regional rural bank 22 19 31 33 35 22 28 27 15 18 25 1082 43
Co-operative society 3 60 70 61 78 43 84 30 49 55 53 2306 84
Co-operative bank	60 125 266 188 160 207 203 132 126 169 164 7084 218
Insurance companies 0 0 0 0 0 9 8 11 0 0 3 119 4
Provident fund	0 0 0 0 0 0 2 9 7 8 3 111 5
Employer	6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 24 1
Financial corporation/institution36 19 57 57 60 37 7 52 41 14 38 1643 50
NBFCs including micro-
financing institution (MFIs)
22 74 65 16 55 55 21 51 14 36 41 1772 48
Bank linked SHG/JLG 33 19 177 48 60 116 82 96 48 60 74 3193 79
Non-bank linked SHG/JLG 7 13 0 16 52 0 55 12 3 0 16 685 18
Other institutional agencies12 32 33 23 19 38 3 10 29 25 22 973 32
All instt. agencies 239 439 625 528 510 611 655 636 562 545 535 23166 755
Landlord	0 7 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 8 2 91 4
Agricultural moneylender 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 2 65 1
Professional moneylender 43 44 64 46 11 40 72 39 15 26 40 1731 105
Input supplier	0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1
Relatives and friends 98 67 85 78 183 149 179 145 136 129 125 5407 347
Chit fund	8 1 0 0 24 1 9 0 0 9 5 227 12
Market commission agent/traders0 0 0 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 56 4
Others	15 5 20 2 9 1 28 17 14 10 12 522 30
All non-instt. agencies134 120 163 136 227 186 277 197 151 198 179 7749 482
All (incl. n.r.)	284 475 695 566 585 659 722 672 606 618 588 25468 1066
Est. no. of hhds. (00) 4342 4343 429643434333 4335 4313 4352 4318 4343 43316 X X
Estd. hhds. repo. (00) 1233 2064 298624572533 2855 3114 2924 2616 2685 25468 X X
Sample hhds. repo. cash 85 79 95 91 102 110 103 134 113 154 1066 X X
Table 2.12: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 from specific types of credit agency per 1000 households for each  household asset holding class.
                                                                                                                                                                                      Rural
Credit agency (block 12, col.5)
Per 1000 no. of households* of asset holding class with outstanding loan as on 30.06.2018
No. of hhs reporting 
cash loan*
144

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
All 
classes
Estd. (00)Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)
Scheduled commercial bank 127 171 205 220 216 294 281 287 372 384 256 10167 419
Regional rural bank 22 3 23 25 48 47 2 26 27 14 24 939 39
Co-operative society 43 49 84 76 87 22 74 82 43 34 59 2362 71
Co-operative bank	105 125 249 237 224 273 204 232 163 94 191 7588 268
Insurance companies 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 10 2 6 252 7
Provident fund	0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 4 5 3 136 5
Employer	0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 3 3 106 3
Financial corporation/institution10 23 24 85 21 67 40 50 75 18 41 1641 52
NBFCs including micro-
financing institution (MFIs)
113 68 42 34 70 6 21 36 58 45 49 1962 56
Bank linked SHG/JLG 21 52 103 97 99 102 72 24 24 28 62 2476 89
Non-bank linked SHG/JLG 0 50 28 2 20 0 9 0 19 7 14 542 18
Other institutional agencies34 41 7 86 61 60 39 30 20 14 39 1564 57
All instt. agencies 361 460 600 636 607 574 547 599 592 515 549 21850 838
Landlord	0 6 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 35 4
Agricultural moneylender 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Professional moneylender 18 9 76 26 24 11 5 32 6 6 21 848 61
Input supplier	0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Relatives and friends 76 83 148 168 109 103 97 96 84 82 105 4162 315
Chit fund	13 12 6 7 0 0 5 5 18 34 10 396 24
Market commission agent/traders0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1
Others	2 66 39 3 9 42 13 22 0 3 20 796 32
All non-instt. agencies103 164 209 203 142 156 117 146 106 125 147 5857 413
All (incl. n.r.)	404 496 623 706 657 650 591 627 622 552 593 23593 1080
Est. no. of hhds. (00) 3987 3984 397440003956 3995 3946 4002 3970 3976 39791 X X
Estd. hhds. repo. (00) 1610 1976 247728252600 2598 2332 2509 2470 2197 23593 X X
Sample hhds. repo. cash 85 89 83 114 99 117 118 115 133 127 1080 X X
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Urban
Credit agency (block 12, col.5)
Per 1000 no. of households* of asset holding class with outstanding loan as on 30.06.2018
No. of hhs reporting 
cash loan*
Table 2.12: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 from specific types of credit agency per 1000 households for each  
household asset holding class.
145

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
All 
classes
Estd. (00)Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)
Scheduled commercial bank 109 170 196 217 195 282 305 348 377 376 257 21388 793
Regional rural bank 22 11 27 29 41 34 15 26 21 16 24 2021 82
Co-operative society 22 55 77 68 83 33 79 55 46 45 56 4669 155
Co-operative bank	81 125 258 212 191 239 204 180 144 133 177 14672 486
Insurance companies 15 0 0 0 0 5 4 16 5 1 4 371 11
Provident fund	0 0 0 0 0 0 1 16 6 7 3 247 10
Employer	3 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 1 2 130 4
Financial corporation/institution24 21 41 70 41 51 23 51 57 16 40 3285 102
NBFCs including micro-
financing institution (MFIs)
66 71 54 25 62 31 21 44 35 40 45 3734 104
Bank linked SHG/JLG 27 35 141 71 79 109 78 61 36 45 68 5668 168
Non-bank linked SHG/JLG 4 31 14 10 37 0 33 6 10 3 15 1227 36
Other institutional agencies23 36 20 53 39 49 20 20 25 20 31 2537 89
All instt. agencies 297 449 613 580 556 593 603 618 577 530 542 45016 1593
Landlord	0 6 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 4 2 126 8
Agricultural moneylender 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 1 65 1
Professional moneylender 31 27 69 36 17 26 40 36 11 17 31 2579 166
Input supplier	0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1
Relatives and friends 87 74 116 121 148 127 140 121 111 107 115 9569 662
Chit fund	10 6 3 3 12 1 7 3 9 21 7 622 36
Market commission agent/traders0 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 57 5
Others	9 34 29 3 9 20 21 19 7 7 16 1317 62
All non-instt. agencies119 141 185 168 186 171 201 173 129 163 164 13606 895
All (incl. n.r.)	341 485 660 633 619 655 659 650 614 587 590 49061 2146
Est. no. of hhds. (00) 8329 8327 827083438289 8329 8259 8353 8288 8319 83107 X X
Estd. hhds. repo. (00) 2843 4040 546252825134 5452 5446 5432 5087 4882 49061 X X
Sample hhds. repo. cash 170 168 178 205 201 227 221 249 246 281 2146 X X
Credit agency (block 12, col.5)
Per 1000 no. of households* of asset holding class with outstanding loan as on 30.06.2018
No. of hhs reporting 
cash loan*
Table 2.12: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 from specific types of credit agency per 1000 households for each  
household asset holding class.
                                                                                                                                                                                                        All
146

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
15 8 5 98 11 15 28 74 44 22 36 302407 1535 53
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 12 11 9 0 16 26 36 43 54 31 262565 1816 73
Expenditure in farm 
business
15 19 16 107 12 31 54 110 88 76 67 564972 3074 121
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
94 38 176 30 34 66 56 2 7 85 53 451716 899 25
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
0 0 0 0 95 1 2 0 18 44 21 178855 290 13
Expenditure in non-
farm business
94 38 176 30 129 67 58 3 25 129 75 630571 1162 37
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 1 11067 60 1
Repayment of debt 60 14 3 3 23 8 9 18 0 4 9 75573 835 24
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 0 0 13 0 0 10 7 2 4 32200 176 4
For education 3 82 0 117 1 20 10 80 119 67 60 505054 1277 43
For medical treatment 35 11 53 13 0 6 23 24 14 0 14 114893 878 30
For housing 217 168 337 384 483 386 557 370 510 534 455 38490437249 236
For other household 
expenditure
543 425 291 230 241 351 99 150 176 122 195 164897010328301
Others	35 242 125 117 99 117 189 236 61 65 121 10210803818 125
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 845342323166755
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)1336 2295 2988 2735 2624 2959 3086 3126 2927 2734 26809 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
20166626716843374666168461151471374710781141077581121356721946378453423 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)
1038 1906 2687 2295 2208 2647 2825 2768 2427 2365 23166 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
40 50 59 63 63 87 78 104 92 119 755 X X X
RuralCredit agency: Institutional
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
147

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
3 9 0 0 1 0 0 1 7 7 3 3964 47 9
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 0 0 93 12 365 0 2 135 0 66 79001 255 7
Expenditure in farm 
business
3 9 0 93 13 365 0 3 142 7 70 82965 302 16
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
77 0 6 148 17 3 0 82 156 423 124 147973 379 20
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
0 733 5 1 80 0 1 35 0 64 99 118174 392 14
Expenditure in non-
farm business
77 733 11 148 98 3 1 117 156 487 224 266147 771 34
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Repayment of debt 41 1 58 1 65 0 18 7 0 0 14 16356 206 12
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 1 813 2 1
For education 14 2 3 312 11 20 39 7 0 27 34 41002 204 21
For medical treatment 14 15 102 27 0 25 89 47 76 4 38 45615 656 49
For housing 220 36 138 89 333 405 487 340 275 339 289 344137 1790 100
For other household 
expenditure
342 201 193 263 381 138 366 459 299 101 247 293206 3590 223
Others	289 5 495 68 99 45 0 12 53 35 83 98971 543 43
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 11892127749 482
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)813 911 886 950 1211 1058 1485 1121 752 1097 10285 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
63176126027902207367779136149193146075964741221072431271189212 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)
582 523 701 591 983 805 1195 858 651 860 7749 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
60 36 44 43 51 45 46 56 41 60 482 X X X
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
  Credit agency: Non-Institutional	Rural
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
148

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
12 8 4 88 10 12 24 68 41 21 32 306371 1583 62
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 8 9 17 2 76 23 33 52 48 35 341566 2071 80
Expenditure in farm 
business
12 16 13 105 12 88 48 102 93 69 67 647937 3376 137
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
90 26 146 42 32 55 50 9 21 119 62 599690 1278 45
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
0 235 1 0 94 0 2 3 16 46 31 297028 682 27
Expenditure in non-
farm business
90 260 147 42 125 56 51 12 37 165 93 896718 1933 71
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 1 11067 60 1
Repayment of debt 56 10 13 2 28 6 10 17 0 4 10 91930 1041 36
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 0 0 11 0 0 10 6 2 3 33013 178 5
For education 6 57 0 137 2 20 14 74 108 63 57 546056 1481 64
For medical treatment 30 12 61 15 0 10 31 26 19 1 17 160508 1534 79
For housing 217 125 303 354 466 389 549 368 489 514 435 41931809039 336
For other household 
expenditure
495 354 274 233 257 314 131 175 187 120 201 194217613918524
Others	95 166 189 112 99 104 166 217 60 62 116 11200514361 168
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 9642635309151237
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)2150 3206 3875 3684 3834 4017 4571 4247 3679 3831 37094 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
26484239319552396573536169065086294012241891174055133567424377649642635 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)
1620 2429 3388 2886 3191 3453 4020 3626 3079 3225 30915 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
100 86 103 106 114 132 124 160 133 179 1237 X X X
 Credit agency: All	Rural
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
149

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
0 3 0 8 3 12 4 37 5 26 15 155949 650 21
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 12 1 8 32 19 10 7 29 15 16 162643 869 33
Expenditure in farm 
business
0 15 1 16 34 32 14 44 34 41 30 318592 1422 52
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
30 175 2 2 12 7 91 96 51 170 83 863076 863 44
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
2 39 5 12 1 100 17 21 29 43 30 318693 896 35
Expenditure in non-
farm business
31 215 8 14 13 108 107 118 80 214 113 11817691729 77
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Repayment of debt 22 7 3 17 10 31 7 1 5 14 10 104839 721 32
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 11 0 0 0 0 9 4 0 3 29724 74 5
For education 89 91 11 4 131 8 17 25 52 18 35 366211 835 37
For medical treatment 38 48 33 51 3 0 0 8 70 4 22 229923 1051 41
For housing 192 278 486 605 533 402 566 572 572 418 500 52346688447 307
For other household 
expenditure
583 268 286 221 227 303 185 182 97 152 190 198700910450358
Others	45 78 160 71 49 116 103 42 86 140 96 10086613297 137
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1046139621850838
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)1578 2302 2759 2724 2707 2612 2346 2753 2609 2422 24810 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
151250362834628559677180784687771010120473715532041839821248811410461396 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)1439 1834 2385 2543 2402 2294 2158 2395 2351 2048 21850 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
57 72 64 82 77 85 85 101 108 107 838 X X X
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class
  Urban    Credit agency: Institutional
Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1154 41 1
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 3 4262 9 3
Expenditure in farm 
business
0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 4 5416 50 4
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
706 189 202 0 0 16 0 129 482 422 280 408699 450 24
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
0 43 0 0 0 7 169 250 9 127 72 104565 290 22
Expenditure in non-
farm business
706 232 202 0 0 23 169 378 491 549 352 513264 669 42
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Repayment of debt 3 5 34 24 106 52 77 0 5 0 20 29578 122 15
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 83 76 0 18 25555 41 2
For education 0 14 8 0 0 42 3 0 87 0 16 22833 130 11
For medical treatment 32 15 19 18 26 1 22 7 7 16 16 22915 270 39
For housing	56 150 519 529 161 339 524 285 197 244 285 414922 1514 101
For other household 
expenditure
177 290 206 383 701 439 201 238 137 53 223 325515 2984 187
Others	25 281 12 47 7 104 4 9 1 126 67 97477 371 38
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 14574755857 413
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)630 1043 1218 1138 1070 734 573 844 579 577 8405 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
1450458651811438013121577508115023851151446261795513784931457475 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)
410 655 830 810 563 623 461 586 421 497 5857 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
41 33 39 54 34 46 45 38 42 41 413 X X X
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
  Urban  Credit agency: Non-Institutional
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
151

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
0 5 0 7 2 11 4 34 5 23 13 157103 691 22
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 10 1 7 29 17 9 6 26 14 14 166905 878 36
Expenditure in farm 
business
0 15 1 14 31 28 13 40 31 37 27 324008 1472 56
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
361 178 33 2 11 8 85 99 90 204 107 12717751314 68
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
1 40 5 10 1 88 27 41 27 54 36 423258 1186 57
Expenditure in non-
farm business
361 218 38 11 12 97 112 140 117 258 142 16950332398 119
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Repayment of debt 13 7 8 18 19 34 12 1 5 12 11 134417 844 47
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 9 0 0 0 0 15 11 0 5 55278 116 7
For education 45 76 10 3 119 13 16 23 55 16 33 389043 965 48
For medical treatment 35 42 31 45 5 0 2 8 64 5 21 252838 1321 80
For housing 126 253 491 593 499 394 563 548 538 395 474 56495909962 408
For other household 
expenditure
385 272 274 248 269 321 186 186 100 138 194 231252313434545
Others	35 117 137 67 45 114 97 40 78 138 93 11061393668 175
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 11918871277061251
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)2208 3345 3977 3861 3777 3346 2919 3597 3188 2998 33215 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
296295449352742938808395862195886033128985216978312019372286660811918871 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)
1850 2489 3216 3353 2965 2917 2619 2982 2773 2545 27706 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
98 105 103 136 111 131 130 139 150 148 1251 X X X
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
  Urban Credit agency: All
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
152

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
8 5 2 53 6 13 15 52 21 25 24 458356 2186 74
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 12 5 8 18 18 18 19 35 33 22 425208 2685 106
Expenditure in farm 
business
8 17 7 61 24 31 33 71 56 57 47 883565 4497 173
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
66 117 73 16 22 36 75 58 34 130 70 13147921762 69
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
1 23 3 6 42 52 10 13 25 44 26 497548 1186 48
Expenditure in non-
farm business
67 140 76 22 64 88 84 70 58 174 96 18123402891 114
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 1 11067 60 1
Repayment of debt 44 10 3 10 16 20 8 8 3 9 10 180412 1556 56
Financial investment expenditure
0 0 6 0 6 0 0 9 5 1 3 61924 250 9
For education 40 87 6 60 74 14 14 48 79 41 46 871265 2112 80
For medical treatment 36 32 41 32 2 3 11 15 47 2 18 344816 1929 71
For housing 206 231 426 496 511 394 562 489 547 472 480 908371115696543
For other household 
expenditure
560 335 288 226 233 326 145 168 128 138 192 363597820778659
Others	39 148 146 94 71 116 144 122 76 105 107 20297427115 262
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 18914819450161593
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)2914 4598 5747 5458 5330 5570 5432 5879 5535 5155 51619 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
3529166300031062304133886413962011484757228285126307853053387468275118914819 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs reporting cash loan (00)
2478 3740 5073 4838 4610 4941 4983 5163 4778 4413 45016 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
97 122 123 145 140 172 163 205 200 226 1593 X X X
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
 All  Credit agency: Institutional     
153

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
1 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 2 5118 88 10
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 0 0 33 6 206 0 1 55 7 31 83262 264 10
Expenditure in farm 
business
1 11 0 33 7 206 0 1 58 10 33 88381 352 20
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
515 77 115 53 9 9 0 110 350 423 210 556672 830 44
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
0 452 2 0 40 3 63 164 5 102 84 222739 682 36
Expenditure in non-
farm business
515 529 118 53 49 12 63 274 355 525 294 779411 1440 76
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Repayment of debt 15 2 45 15 85 23 40 3 3 0 17 45935 328 27
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 45 0 10 26368 43 3
For education 4 7 6 112 5 29 26 3 52 11 24 63834 335 32
For medical treatment 27 15 56 21 13 14 65 23 35 12 26 68530 927 88
For housing 106 82 351 371 248 376 501 307 228 281 287 759059 3304 201
For other household 
expenditure
227 237 200 340 539 269 305 327 202 71 234 618721 6574 410
Others	105 117 225 54 53 71 2 10 22 90 74 196448 914 81
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 264668813606895
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)1443 1953 2105 2087 2281 1792 2058 1965 1331 1674 18690 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
2082212125452046002048921566442642162311902411013016586216212646688 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)
992 1177 1531 1401 1546 1428 1657 1444 1073 1356 13606 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
101 69 83 97 85 91 91 94 83 101 895 X X X
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
  Creditagency: Non-Institutional    All
154

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All Classes
Estd.
(00)
Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)(15)
Capital expenditure in 
farm business
6 6 2 46 6 11 14 48 19 22 21 463475 2274 84
Revenue expenditure in  
farm business
0 9 4 12 17 46 16 17 37 30 24 508471 2949 116
Expenditure in farm 
business
6 15 6 57 23 58 30 65 56 52 45 971945 4848 193
Capital expenditure in 
non-farm business
233 107 80 21 20 32 68 62 62 165 87 18714642592 113
Revenue expenditure in 
non-farm business
0 131 3 5 42 45 14 25 23 51 33 720287 1868 84
Expenditure in non-
farm business
233 238 83 26 63 76 82 88 85 215 120 25917514331 190
Expenditure on 
litigation
0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 11067 60 1
Repayment of debt 33 8 10 11 23 20 11 7 3 8 10 226347 1884 83
Financial investment 
expenditure
0 0 5 0 5 0 0 13 9 1 4 88291 294 12
For education 27 67 6 67 67 16 15 44 76 38 43 935099 2446 112
For medical treatment 33 28 44 31 3 5 16 15 46 3 19 413346 2856 159
For housing 169 194 413 479 484 392 556 474 519 450 456 984277019000744
For other household 
expenditure
437 310 274 241 264 317 159 182 135 130 197 4254699273521069
Others	63 140 159 88 69 109 131 112 71 103 103 22261908029 343
All (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 21561506586222488
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)4358 6551 7852 7546 7611 7363 7490 7844 6866 6829 70309 X X X
Estd. amount of cash 
loan (Rs. lakhs)
5611378425481266904154375615528451748972251404128718863355046530437221561506 X X X
Estd.no. of  hhs 
reporting cash loan (00)
3470 4917 6604 6239 6156 6369 6639 6607 5851 5769 58622 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting cash loan
198 191 206 242 225 263 254 299 283 327 2488 X X X
Purpose of  loan
Household asset holding class	Amount of 
cash loan 
(Rs.(Lakhs)
Number of hhs
reporting cash 
loan*
Table 2.16B: Per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 by purpose of loan for each household asset holding class.
     Credit agency: All   All
155

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan (Rs.) 
per Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Estd.(00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
Interest-freenil 14 6 6 1 11 5 493 19
less than 6 132 88 57 43 106 80 4590 142
6   - 10 155 224 83 201 130 220 5633 183
10  - 15 210 273 181 351 200 289 8670 255
15  - 20 27 13 26 18 27 14 1172 34
20  - 25 10 2 14 14 12 4 505 15
25  - 30 2 0 2 1 2 0 83 5
30   -50 5 1 0 0 3 1 132 2
50  -100 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1
100 & above 1 4 0 0 1 3 35 1
All (incl. n.r.)430 606 299 628 384 610 16652 520
less than 6 7 5 2 4 5 5 231 9
6   - 10 77 172 38 59 64 149 2765 85
10  - 15 130 204 128 306 129 224 5605 201
15  - 20 10 7 1 1 7 6 311 8
20  - 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1
25  - 30 4 1 0 0 3 1 117 1
30   -50 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1
50  -100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
100 & above 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
All (incl. n.r.)207 388 163 371 191 385 8293 284
less than 6 139 93 59 47 111 84 4821 151
6   - 10 223 396 120 260 187 369 8106 261
10  - 15 327 477 295 656 316 513 13692 442
15  - 20 38 20 27 20 34 20 1483 42
20  - 25 10 2 14 14 12 4 507 16
25  - 30 6 1 2 1 5 1 201 6
30   -50 5 1 0 0 3 1 133 3
50  -100 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1
100 & above 1 4 0 0 1 3 35 1
All (incl. n.r.)581 1000 447 1000 535 1000 23166 755
18733 X 8077 X 26809 X X X
X 6772238 X 1681185 X 8453423 X X
16463 X 6703 X 23166 X X X
540 X 215 X 755 X X X
No. of sample hhds reporting 
cashloan
Estd.no. of hhs reporting cash 
loan (00)
Table 2.5: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding - as on 30.06.18 - of specific natures of interest, in specific  rate of interest 
ranges and from specific credit agency types per thousand households, and per Rs.1000 break-up of outstanding amount of cash loans by 
nature and rate of interest for each major household type and credit agency type.   
                                                  Credit agency - Institutional                                                       Rural
Nature of 
interest
Rate of 
interest (%)
(block12, 
col.9)
Per 1000 no. of hhs reporting outstanding loan
Number of hhs 
reporting cash loan
Cultivator (R)/
self-employed (U)
Non-cultivator (R)/
others (U)
All households
Simple
Compound
All
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)
Estd. amount of cash loan 
(Rs.lakhs)
156

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan (Rs.) 
per Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
Estd.(00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
Interest-freenil 25 8 18 10 19 10 765 31
less than 6 91 41 60 40 66 40 2631 126
6   - 10 161 160 117 177 126 172 5016 205
10  - 15 219 196 180 235 188 224 7479 293
15  - 20 38 31 17 8 21 15 833 22
20  - 25 20 2 23 6 23 5 907 17
25  - 30 4 0 2 0 3 0 106 5
30   -50 31 7 0 0 6 2 252 4
50  -100 9 3 1 1 2 2 88 2
100 & above 0 0 1 0 1 0 39 1
All (incl. n.r.)380 438 327 469 337 460 13429 544
less than 6 26 8 8 5 12 6 478 18
6   - 10 105 199 64 161 72 171 2865 113
10  - 15 225 332 189 344 196 341 7805 251
15  - 20 20 14 8 10 10 11 414 16
20  - 25 6 0 2 0 3 0 107 6
25  - 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30   -50 0 0 1 0 1 0 26 1
50  -100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
100 & above 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
All (incl. n.r.)322 553 236 521 253 530 10076 359
less than 6 117 49 67 46 77 47 3082 143
6   - 10 246 359 178 338 192 344 7631 307
10  - 15 428 528 352 580 367 565 14611 521
15  - 20 58 44 25 19 31 26 1247 38
20  - 25 27 2 25 6 25 5 1013 23
25  - 30 4 0 2 0 3 0 106 5
30   -50 31 7 1 0 7 2 278 5
50  -100 9 3 1 1 2 2 88 2
100 & above 0 0 1 0 1 0 39 1
All (incl. n.r.)627 1000 530 1000 549 1000 21850 838
5628 X 19182 X 24810 X X X
X 2941058 X 7520338 X 10461396 X X
5016 X 16834 X 21850 X X X
213 X 625 X 838 X X X
No. of sample hhds reporting 
cashloan
Estd.no. of hhs reporting cash 
loan (00)
Table 2.5: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding - as on 30.06.18 - of specific natures of interest, in specific  rate of interest 
ranges and from specific credit agency types per thousand households, and per Rs.1000 break-up of outstanding amount of cash loans by 
nature and rate of interest for each major household type and credit agency type.   
                                                                Credit agency - Institutional                                                             Urban
Nature of 
interest
Rate of 
interest (%)
(block12, 
col.9)
Per 1000 no. of hhs reporting outstanding loan
Number of hhs 
reporting cash loan
Cultivator (R)/
self-employed (U)
Non-cultivator (R)/
others (U)
All households
Simple
Compound
All
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)
Estd. amount of cash loan 
(Rs.lakhs)
157

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan (Rs.) 
per Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting cash 
loans out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000
of total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Estd.(00)Sample
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
Interest-freenil 17 7 14 8 15 7 1258 50
less than 6 123 74 59 41 87 58 7221 268
6   - 10 156 205 106 182 128 193 10649 388
10  - 15 212 250 180 256 194 253 16149 548
15  - 20 30 19 20 10 24 15 2005 56
20  - 25 13 2 20 7 17 4 1412 32
25  - 30 2 0 2 0 2 0 190 10
30   -50 11 3 0 0 5 2 384 6
50  -100 2 1 0 1 1 1 94 3
100 & above 1 3 1 0 1 1 74 2
All (incl. n.r.)419 555 318 498 362 527 30081 1064
less than 6 11 6 6 5 9 6 709 27
6   - 10 83 180 56 142 68 162 5630 198
10  - 15 151 243 170 337 161 289 13409 452
15  - 20 13 9 6 9 9 9 724 24
20  - 25 1 0 1 0 1 0 108 7
25  - 30 3 1 0 0 1 0 117 1
30   -50 0 0 1 0 0 0 27 2
50  -100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
100 & above 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
All (incl. n.r.)232 438 212 493 221 465 18369 643
less than 6 134 80 65 46 95 63 7903 294
6   - 10 228 385 159 324 189 355 15737 568
10  - 15 350 492 334 594 341 542 28304 963
15  - 20 42 27 25 19 33 23 2730 80
20  - 25 14 2 22 8 18 5 1520 39
25  - 30 5 1 2 0 4 1 307 11
30   -50 11 3 1 0 5 2 411 8
50  -100 2 1 0 1 1 1 94 3
100 & above 1 3 1 0 1 1 74 2
All (incl. n.r.)591 1000 503 1000 542 1000 45016 1593
24360 X 27259 X 51619 X X X
X 9713296 X 9201523 X 18914819 X X
21479 X 23537 X 45016 X X X
753 X 840 X 1593 X X X
No. of sample hhds reporting 
cashloan
Simple
Compound
All
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00)
Estd. amount of cash loan 
(Rs.lakhs)
Estd.no. of hhs reporting cash 
loan (00)
Table 2.5: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding - as on 30.06.18 - of specific natures of interest, in specific  rate of interest 
ranges and from specific credit agency types per thousand households, and per Rs.1000 break-up of outstanding amount of cash loans by 
nature and rate of interest for each major household type and credit agency type.   
                                                                 Credit agency - Institutional                                                             All
Nature of 
interest
Rate of 
interest (%)
(block12, 
col.9)
Per 1000 no. of hhs reporting outstanding loan
Number of hhs 
reporting cash loanCultivator (R)/
self-employed (U)
Non-cultivator (R)/
others (U)
All households
158

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
outstanding
*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Estd. (00)Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
Scheduled commercial bank 297 500 187 340 259 468 11221 374
Regional rural bank	25 21 25 30 25 23 1082 43
Co-operative society	53 60 53 121 53 72 2306 84
Co-operative bank	174 193 144 265 164 208 7084 218
Insurance companies	2 2 5 16 3 5 119 4
Provident fund	4 1 1 0 3 1 111 5
Employer	0 0 2 0 1 0 24 1
Financial corporation/institution43 45 28 35 38 43 1643 50
NBFCs including micro-financing 
institution (MFIs)
36 16 50 28 41 19 1772 48
Bank linked SHG/JLG	92 18 40 9 74 16 3193 79
Non-bank linked SHG/JLG 22 4 3 1 16 3 685 18
Other institutional agencies 23 21 22 13 22 20 973 32
All institutional agencies 581 882 447 857 535 877 23166 755
Landlord	1 0 4 2 2 1 91 4
Agricultural moneylender 2 0 0 0 2 0 65 1
Professional moneylender 38 30 44 29 40 30 1731 105
Input supplier	0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1
Relatives and friends 144 81 89 103 125 85 5407 347
Chit fund	5 2 5 5 5 2 227 12
Market commission agent/traders0 0 4 0 1 0 56 4
Others	11 5 14 4 12 5 522 30
All non-institutional agencies197 118 145 143 179 123 7749 482
All agencies (incl. n.r.) 637 1000 496 1000 588 1000 25468 1066
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00) 28332 X 14984 X 43316 X X X
Estd. amount of cash loan (Rs. 
lakhs)
X 7681857 X 1960779 X 9642635 X X
Estd. no. of hhs reporting cash 
loan(00)
18034 X 7434 X 25468 X X X
No. of sample hhs reporting cash 
loan outstanding
732 X 334 X 1066 X X X
Table 2.8: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 per 1000 households and per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding by credit agency for each major household type.
                                                                                                                                           Rural
Credit agency      (block 12,col.5)
Cultivator (R)/
Self-employed (U)
Non-Cultivator (R)/
Others (U)
All households
No. of hhs reporting
cash loan*
159

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
outstanding
*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Estd. (00)Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
Scheduled commercial bank 314 395 241 456 256 438 10167 419
Regional rural bank	44 13 19 27 24 23 939 39
Co-operative society	44 28 63 63 59 53 2362 71
Co-operative bank	273 209 170 217 191 214 7588 268
Insurance companies	0 0 8 18 6 13 252 7
Provident fund	0 0 4 3 3 2 136 5
Employer	0 0 3 2 3 2 106 3
Financial corporation/institution67 54 35 45 41 48 1641 52
NBFCs including micro-financing 
institution (MFIs)
53 52 48 38 49 42 1962 56
Bank linked SHG/JLG	81 9 58 10 62 9 2476 89
Non-bank linked SHG/JLG 16 1 13 1 14 1 542 18
Other institutional agencies 52 78 36 14 39 33 1564 57
All institutional agencies 627 839 530 894 549 878 21850 838
Landlord	4 1 0 0 1 0 35 4
Agricultural moneylender 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Professional moneylender 31 39 19 18 21 24 848 61
Input supplier	0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Relatives and friends 105 94 105 72 105 79 4162 315
Chit fund	18 19 8 7 10 11 396 24
Market commission agent/traders0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1
Others	27 7 18 8 20 8 796 32
All non-institutional agencies179 161 139 106 147 122 5857 413
All agencies (incl. n.r.) 668 1000 574 1000 593 1000 23593 1080
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00) 7998 X 31792 X 39791 X X X
Estd. amount of cash loan (Rs. 
lakhs)
X 3505995 X 8412876 X 11918871 X X
Estd. no. of hhs reporting cash 
loan(00)
5347 X 18247 X 23593 X X X
No. of sample hhs reporting cash 
loan outstanding
260 X 820 X 1080 X X X
Table 2.8: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 per 1000 households and per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding by credit agency for each major household type.
                                                                                                                                        Urban
Credit agency      (block 12,col.5)
Cultivator (R)/
Self-employed (U)
Non-Cultivator (R)/
Others (U)
All households
No. of hhs reporting
cash loan*
160

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
out- 
standing*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
cash loans 
outstanding
*
Cash loan 
(Rs.) per 
Rs.1000 of 
total cash 
loan out- 
standing
Estd. (00)Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
Scheduled commercial bank 301 467 224 434 257 452 21388 793
Regional rural bank	29 18 21 27 24 23 2021 82
Co-operative society	51 50 60 74 56 62 4669 155
Co-operative bank	196 198 161 226 177 211 14672 486
Insurance companies	1 1 7 18 4 9 371 11
Provident fund	3 1 3 2 3 2 247 10
Employer	0 0 3 2 2 1 130 4
Financial corporation/institution49 48 33 43 40 45 3285 102
NBFCs including micro-financing 
institution (MFIs)
40 27 49 36 45 31 3734 104
Bank linked SHG/JLG	89 15 52 9 68 12 5668 168
Non-bank linked SHG/JLG 21 3 10 1 15 2 1227 36
Other institutional agencies 29 39 31 14 31 27 2537 89
All institutional agencies 591 868 503 887 542 877 45016 1593
Landlord	2 0 1 0 2 0 126 8
Agricultural moneylender 2 0 0 0 1 0 65 1
Professional moneylender 36 33 27 20 31 27 2579 166
Input supplier	0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1
Relatives and friends 135 85 100 78 115 82 9569 662
Chit fund	8 7 7 7 7 7 622 36
Market commission agent/traders0 0 1 0 1 0 57 5
Others	15 6 17 8 16 7 1317 62
All non-institutional agencies193 132 141 113 164 123 13606 895
All agencies (incl. n.r.) 644 1000 549 1000 590 1000 49061 2146
Estd. no. of  hhs.(00) 36330 X 46777 X 83107 X X X
Estd. amount of cash loan (Rs. 
lakhs)
X 11187852 X 10373655 X 21561506 X X
Estd. no. of hhs reporting cash 
loan(00)
23380 X 25680 X 49061 X X X
No. of sample hhs reporting cash loan outstanding
992 X 1154 X 2146 X X X
Table 2.8: Number of households reporting cash loans outstanding as on 30.06.18 per 1000 households and per Rs.1000 break-up of amount of cash loans outstanding by credit agency for each major household type.
                                                                                                                                                   All
Credit agency      (block 12,col.5)
Cultivator (R)/
Self-employed (U)
Non-cultivator (R)/
Others (U)
All households
No. of hhs reporting
cash loan*
161

162

Visit- 2 
163

164

Per 1000 no. of 
hhs reporting 
fixed capital 
expenditure
Average amount 
(Rs.) of  fixed 
capital 
expenditure per  
hhd
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting on 
purchase of 
land
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of expenditure 
on purchase of 
land per hhd
Estimated 
(00)
Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
1	100 90 1495 0 172 4314 191
2	100 195 1478 3 1660 4343 161
3	99 268 8270 7 5083 4296 138
4	101 278 19540 0 0 4365 163
5	100 306 58205 0 0 4338 168
6	100 243 8537 11 3491 4335 174
7	100 346 24511 4 713 4313 160
8	100 264 13778 0 0 4352 205
9	100 235 19864 9 2843 4318 188
10	100 259 101642 16 14863 4343 246
All classes 1000 249 25765 5 2882 43316 1794
Estd. no. of hhs reporting 
expenditure (00)
X 10766 X 216 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
             X1116046 X 124826 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
X 416 X 11 X X X
Table 1.22:  Per 1000 number of households, proportions of households reporting fixed capital expenditure and expenditure on 
purchase of land  and amount of expenditure per household during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 in each household asset holding class.
Rural
Household asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of hhds
Fixed capital expenditure
Expenditure on purchase of 
land
Number of households
                                                                              
165

Per 1000 no. of 
hhs reporting 
fixed capital 
expenditure
Average amount 
(Rs.) of  fixed 
capital 
expenditure per  
hhd
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting on 
purchase of 
land
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of expenditure 
on purchase of 
land per hhd
Estimated 
(00)
Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
1	100 18 2882 8 3037 3959 166
2	100 62 11351 0 0 3992 178
3	100 196 13128 28 11087 3968 142
4	100 163 23477 11 4861 3991 159
5	98 52 2603 2 1244 3898 159
6	101 97 6888 3 1996 4002 184
7	99 69 15010 0 0 3952 189
8	101 115 19819 44 98034 4027 180
9	101 98 14947 6 8566 4022 209
10	100 119 52832 19 58845 3978 215
All classes 1000 99 16326 12 18887 39791 1781
Estd. no. of hhs reporting 
expenditure (00)
X 3943 X 485 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
           X 649634 X 751535 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
X 207 X 15 X X X
Table 1.22:  Per 1000 number of households, proportions of households reporting fixed capital expenditure and expenditure on 
purchase of land  and amount of expenditure per household during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 in each household asset holding class.
                                                                          	Urban
Household asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of hhds
Fixed capital expenditure
Expenditure on purchase of 
land
Number of households
166

Per 1000 no. of 
hhs reporting 
fixed capital 
expenditure
Average amount 
(Rs.) of  fixed 
capital 
expenditure per  
hhd
Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting on 
purchase of 
land
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of expenditure 
on purchase of 
land per hhd
Estimated 
(00)
Sample
(1)	(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
1	100 56 2159 4 1543 8274 357
2	100 131 6207 1 865 8335 339
3	99 234 10603 17 7966 8265 280
4	101 223 21420 5 2322 8356 322
5	99 186 31888 1 589 8236 327
6	100 173 7745 7 2773 8337 358
7	99 214 19968 2 372 8265 349
8	101 192 16681 21 47116 8378 385
9	100 169 17493 8 5603 8340 397
10	100 192 78309 17 35888 8321 461
All classes 1000 177 21246 8 10545 83107 3575
Estd. no. of hhs reporting 
expenditure (00)
X 14709 X 701 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
           X 1765680 X 876361 X X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
X 623 X 26 X X X
Table 1.22:  Per 1000 number of households, proportions of households reporting fixed capital expenditure and expenditure on 
purchase of land  and amount of expenditure per household during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 in each household asset holding class.
                                                                              	All
Household asset holding 
class
Per 1000 
number of hhds
Fixed capital expenditure
Expenditure on purchase of 
land
Number of households
167

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	174 17912 193 2873 61 12517 287 33302 8129 322
All	174 17912 193 2873 61 12517 287 33302 8129 322
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)4925 X 5471 X 1740 X 8129 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 507472 X 81386 X 354635 X 943493 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
200 X 212 X 61 X 322 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
Major household type: Cultivator/Self-employed                                                                                Rural
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All
Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
168

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	140 10221 35 45 45 1250 176 11516 2637 94
All	140 10221 35 45 45 1250 176 11516 2637 94
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)4925 X 5471 X 1740 X 8129 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 507472 X 81386 X 354635 X 943493 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
200 X 212 X 61 X 322 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                              Major household type: Non Cultivator / Others                                            Rural  
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
169

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	162 15251 139 1894 56 8620 249 25765 10766 416
All	162 15251 139 1894 56 8620 249 25765 10766 416
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)7021 X 6003 X 2410 X 10766 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 660622 X 82056 X 373368 X 1116046 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
277 X 228 X 89 X 416 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                        Major household type: All                                                Rural    
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
170

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	86 10598 31 425 65 7205 157 18228 1262 70
All	86 10598 31 425 65 7205 157 18228 1262 70
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)691 X 246 X 518 X 1262 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 84915 X 3407 X 57732 X 146054 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
41 X 23 X 36 X 70 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                           Major household type: Cultivator/Self-employed                                                Urban   
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
171

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	61 14476 25 174 9 1197 84 15847 2681 137
All	61 14476 25 174 9 1197 84 15847 2681 137
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)1934 X 790 X 279 X 2681 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 460028 X 5521 X 38031 X 503580 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
99 X 45 X 21 X 137 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                            Major household type: Non Cultivator/Others                                            Urban  
Residential land & buildingsFarm business Non-farm business All Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
172

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	66 13695 26 224 20 2407 99 16326 3943 207
All	66 13695 26 224 20 2407 99 16326 3943 207
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)2625 X 1035 X 797 X 3943 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 544943 X 8928 X 95763 X 649634 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
140 X 68 X 57 X 207 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                          Major household type:  All            Urban  
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
173

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	155 16299 157 2333 62 11346 258 29979 9391 392
All	155 16299 157 2333 62 11346 258 29979 9391 392
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)5616 X 5716 X 2258 X 9391 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 592387 X 84793 X 412367 X 1089547 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
241 X 235 X 97 X 392 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                            Major household type: Cultivator/Self-employed                                                All  
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
174

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	86 13113 28 132 20 1214 114 14459 5318 231
All      	86 13113 28 132 20 1214 114 14459 5318 231
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)4030 X 1321 X 949 X 5318 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 613178 X 6191 X 56764 X 676133 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
176 X 61 X 49 X 231 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                        Major household type:Non Cultivator/Others                                               All      
Kerala
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
175

Per 1000 no. 
of hhs 
reporting FCE
Average 
amount (Rs.) 
of FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per 
hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
FCE per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	116 14506 85 1095 39 5645 177 21246 14709 623
All	116 14506 85 1095 39 5645 177 21246 14709 623
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)9646 X 7038 X 3207 X 14709 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs. lakhs)
X 1205565 X 90984 X 469131 X 1765680 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure
417 X 296 X 146 X 623 X X X
Table 1.23: Number of households reporting fixed capital expenditure (FCE) on broad item categories during 01.07.18 to 30.06.19 per 1000 
households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
                      Major household type:  All	All  
Estimate
d no. of 
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
(00)
Sample
hhs 
reporting 
FCE
Residential land & BuildingsFarm business Non-farm business All
176

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	5 1380 0 0 1 433 6 1814 177 8
All	5 1380 0 0 1 433 6 1814 177 8
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)136 X 0 X 41 X 177 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 39111 X 0 X 12276 X 51387 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure7 X 0 X 1 X 8 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 
01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
        Household type: Cultivator/Self-employed  
                                                                                                              Rural                                                                                          
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All
Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
177

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	3 4901 0 0 0 0 3 4901 39 3
All	3 4901 0 0 0 0 3 4901 39 3
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)39 X 0 X 0 X 39 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 73439 X 0 X 0 X 73439 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure3 X 0 X 0 X 3 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 
01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
Household type: Non Cultivator/Others  
                                                                                                       Rural                                                                                          
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All
Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
178

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	4 2598 0 0 1 283 5 2882 216 11
All	4 2598 0 0 1 283 5 2882 216 11
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)175 X 0 X 41 X 216 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 112550 X 0 X 12276 X 124826 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure10 X 0 X 1 X 11 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 
01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
    Household type: All    
                                                                                                            Rural                                                                                          
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
179

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	4 4235 0 0 2 1910 6 6144 46 4
All	4 4235 0 0 2 1910 6 6144 46 4
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)29 X 0 X 17 X 46 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 33930 X 0 X 15300 X 49230 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure3 X 0 X 1 X 4 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
     Household type: Cultivator/Self-employed                                                                                            
                                                                                                           Urban
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
180

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	13 21311 0 0 1 789 14 22100 438 11
All	13 21311 0 0 1 789 14 22100 438 11
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)409 X 0 X 29 X 438 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 677220 X 0 X 25085 X 702305 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure10 X 0 X 1 X 11 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 
01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
  Household type: Non Cultivator/Others    
                                                                                                           Urban
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
181

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	11 17872 0 0 1 1015 12 18887 485 15
All	11 17872 0 0 1 1015 12 18887 485 15
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)439 X 0 X 46 X 485 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 711150 X 0 X 40385 X 751535 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure13 X 0 X 2 X 15 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
Major  Household type: All  
  Urban
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All
Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
182

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	5 2010 0 0 2 759 6 2768 223 12
All                                                                                                  5 2010 0 0 2 759 6 2768 223 12
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)165 X 0 X 58 X 223 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 73041 X 0 X 27576 X 100617 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure10 X 0 X 2 X 12 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 
01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
  Household type: Cultivator/Self-employed  
                                                                                                              All                                                                                                
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
183

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	10 16053 0 0 1 536 10 16589 478 14
All                                                                                  10 16053 0 0 1 536 10 16589 478 14
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)449 X 0 X 29 X 478 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 750659 X 0 X 25085 X 775744 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure13 X 0 X 1 X 14 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 
01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
 household type: Non Cultivator/Self-employed  
                                                                                                          All                                                                                                
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
184

Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
Per 1000 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
purchase 
of land
Average 
amount 
(Rs.) of 
expendi- 
ture per hh
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
Kerala	7 9911 0 0 1 634 8 10545 701 26
All	7 9911 0 0 1 634 8 10545 701 26
Estd. no. of  hhs (00)614 X 0 X 87 X 701 X X X
Estd. amount of 
expenditure (Rs.lakhs)
X 823700 X 0 X 52661 X 876361 X X
No. of sample hhs 
reporting expenditure23 X 0 X 3 X 26 X X X
Table 1.28: Number  of  households  reporting purchase  of  land for residential purpose, farm business and  non-farm business  during 01.07.18  to 30.06.19 per 1000 households and average value of such expenditure per household by major household type.
Major Household type:    All 
                                                                                                              All                                                                                                
Residential purposeFarm business Non-farm business All
Estimated 
no. of hhs 
reporting 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land (00)
Sample 
hhs report- 
ing 
expendi- 
ture on 
purchase 
of land
185

186

Appendix B 
Note on  
Sample Design 
And 
Estimation Procedure 
 
187

188

Note on Sample Design and Estimation Procedure 
 
 
1. Introduction 
1.1 The National Sample Surveys (NSS) are being conducted by the Government of India 
since 1950 to collect socio-economic data employing scientific sampling methods. 77
th
 round 
of NSS commenced from 1
st
 January 2019. 
 
2. Subject coverage 
2.1 NSS 77
th
 round was earmarked for collection of data on âLand and Livestock Holdings of 
Households and Situation Assessment of Agricultural Householdsâ and âDebt and 
Investmentâ. The last survey on these subjects was conducted in 70
th
 round of NSS (January 
2013 - December 2013). 
 
3 Outline of the Survey Programme 
 
3.1 Geographical coverage: The survey was cover the whole of the Indian Union except the 
villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which were difficult to access. 
 
3.2 Survey Period and Visits: The survey period was of one year duration. 
 
3.3 Schedules of enquiry: During this round, the following schedules of enquiry were 
canvassed: 
 
Schedule 0.0 : List of Households 
Schedule 33.1 : Land and Livestock holdings of households and situation 
Assessment of Agricultural Households 
Schedule 18.2 : Debt and Investment 
Schedule 33.1 was canvassed in rural areas only. 
 
3.4 Visits 1 & 2: Each sample FSU and sample households were visited twice during this 
round. Since the workload of the first visit (i.e. Visit 1) is more, the first visit was continued 
till the end of August, 2019. Thus, period of the first visit (i.e. Visit 1) was of January â 
August, 2019 (duration of eight months) and that of the second visit (i.e. Visit 2) was 
September â December, 2019 (duration of four months). 
 
The listing schedule (Schedule 0.0) was canvassed only in Visit 1. Schedules 33.1 and 
18.2 were canvassed in independent sets of sample households. Visit 1 and Visit 2 schedules 
were canvassed in the same set of sample households during first and second visit 
189

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
 
 
respectively. Contents of the schedules for the two visits were not same since the information 
relate to two different periods. 
3.5 Sub-rounds: The survey period of the round was divided into two sub-rounds. Sub- 
round one was consist of the first half of the survey period of each visit i.e. Januaryâ April, 
2019 for Visit 1 and September â October, 2019 for Visit 2 while sub-round two was consist 
of the remaining period of the respective visits. Thus, each sub-round was of four months for 
Visit 1 and two months for Visit 2. 
In each of these two sub-rounds equal number of sample FSUs were allotted for 
survey with a view to ensuring uniform spread of sample FSUs over the entire survey period. 
Attempts were made to survey each of the FSUs during the sub-round to which it was 
allotted. Because of the arduous field conditions, this restriction was not strictly enforced in 
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Ladakh region (Leh and Kargil districts) of 
Jammu & Kashmir and rural areas of Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland. 
The FSUs visited in the first sub-round of Visit 1 was revisited during the first sub- 
round of the Visit 2. Similarly, FSUs of sub-round 2 of Visit 1 was revisited in sub-round 2 of 
Visit 2. 
 
3.6 Participation of States: All the States and Union Territories except Andaman & Nicobar 
Islands, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Lakshadweep participated. Following is the matching 
pattern of the participating States/ UTs. 
 
State/UT Extent of matching 
Nagaland (U) 	triple 
Manipur, Telangana 	double 
Maharashtra (U) 	one and half 
Remaining States/ UTs 	equal 
 
4. Sample Design 
 
4.1 Formation of sub-units (SUs): 
 
4.1.1 Rural areas: A rural village is notionally divided into a number of sub-units (SU) of 
more or less equal population during the preparation of frame. Census 2011 population of 
villages was projected by applying suitable growth rates and the number of SUs formed in a 
village was determined apriori. 
4.1.2 The above procedure of SU formation was implemented in the villages with population 
more than or equal to 1000 as per Census 2011. In the remaining villages, no SU was formed. 
 
4.1.3 The number of SUs formed in the villages (with Census 2011 population 1000 or more) 
of the frame was decided before selection of the samples following the criteria given below: 
190

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
 
 
Projected population of the village No. of SUs formed 
less than 1200 	1 
1200 to 2399 	2 
2400 to 3599 	3 
3600 to 4799 	4 
4800 to 5999 	5 
. ..... and so on 	â¦. 
 
4.1.4 Special case: 
 
4.1.4.1 For rural areas of (i) Himachal Pradesh, (ii) Sikkim, (iii) Andaman & Nicobar Islands, 
(iv) Uttarakhand (except four districts Dehradun, Nainital, Hardwar and Udham Singh 
Nagar), (v) Punch, Rajouri, Udhampur, Reasi, Doda, Kishtwar, Ramban, Ladakh region (Leh 
and Kargil districts) of Jammu and Kashmir and (vi) Idukki district of Kerala, numbers of 
SUs formed in a village were determined in such a way that each SU contains 600 or less 
projected population. Further, SUs were not formed in the villages in the above mentioned 
districts/States with population less than 500 as per Census 2011. In the remaining villages, 
the number of SUs formed for these States/districts is as follows: 
 
Projected population of the village No. of SUs formed 
less than 600 	1 
600 to 1199 	2 
1200 to 1799 	3 
1800 to 2399 	4 
2400 to 2999 	5 
. ..... and so on 	â¦. 
 
4.1.4.2 For rural parts of Kerala, similar procedure as mentioned in para 4.1.3 above was 
adopted with the modification that the SUs were formed within Panchayat Wards instead of 
villages. 
 
4.1.5 Urban areas: SUs were formed in urban sector also. The procedure was similar to that 
adopted in rural areas except that SUs were formed on the basis of households in the UFS 
frame instead of population, since UFS frame does not have population. Each UFS block with 
number of households more than or equal to 250 was divided into a number of SUs. In the 
remaining UFS blocks, no SU was formed. 
 
4.2 Outline of sample design: A stratified two stage design was adopted for the 77
th
 round 
survey. The first stage units (FSU) were villages/UFS blocks/sub-units (SUs) as per the 
situation. The ultimate stage units (USU) were households in both the sectors. 
191

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
 
 
4.3 Sampling Frame for First Stage Units (FSUs): 
 
4.3.1 There was no SU formation in uninhabited villages and villages (Panchayat wards for 
Kerala) with population less than 1000 as per Census 2011 (less than 500 as per Census 2011 
for the areas mentioned in para 4.1.4.1) and entire village was considered as one FSU. All 
such villages (Panchayat wards for Kerala) were the First Stage Units (FSUs). 
4.3.2 In the remaining villages, notional sub-units (SUs) were formed following the 
procedure as described in para 4.1. Such SUs were considered as First Stage Units (FSUs). 
 
4.3.3 For the UFS blocks with less than 250 households, the entire UFS block were 
considered as one FSU. In the remaining UFS blocks, the SUs were considered as First Stage 
Units (FSUs). 
4.3.4 List of FSUs as described above was the sampling frame for respective cases. 
 
 
4.4 Stratification: 
 
(a) Each district was a stratum. Within each district of a State/UT, generally speaking, 
two basic strata were formed: (i) rural stratum comprising of all rural areas of the 
district and (ii) urban stratum comprising of all the urban areas of the district. 
However, within the urban areas of a district, if there were one or more towns with 
population one million or more as per Census 2011, each of them formed a separate 
basic stratum and the remaining urban areas of the district were considered as another 
basic stratum. 
(b) A special stratum, in the rural areas only, was formed at all-India level before district 
level strata were formed in each State/UT. This stratum comprised all the uninhabited 
villages as per Census 2011 belonging to all States/UTs. 
 
4.5 Sub-stratification: 
 
4.5.1 Rural sector: Three groups of villages were formed within each stratum (except special 
rural stratum): 
 
Group 1 All villages (Panchayat wards for Kerala) with Census 2011 population less 
than 250 
Group 2 All villages (Panchayat wards for Kerala) with Census 2011 population 
more than or equal to 250 but less than 500 
Group 3 Remaining villages 
 
 
The sample size for a rural stratum was allocated among 3 groups in proportion to 
population. Let r1, r2 and r3 be the allocations to Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 respectively. 
The villages within each group were first arranged in ascending order of number of 
192

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
 
 
cultivators. For all the three groups within each strata, âr1/2â>1, âr2/2â>1 and âr3/2â>1, was 
imply formation of 2 or more sub-strata in each group. Sub-strata was demarcated in Group 
1, Group 2 and Group 3 respectively in such a way that each sub-stratum was comprise a 
group of villages (all SUs of a village considered together) of the arranged frame and have 
more or less equal number of cultivators. 
The sub-strata in Group 1 was always be numbered as 11, 12, 13,. ........ The numbering 
of sub-strata in Group 2 were 21, 22, 23,. ...... Finally, for Group 3, sub-strata numbers started 
from 31. 
 
If number of FSUs in a particular Group was very small, no sub-stratum was formed 
in that Group. Further, in those strata where allocations were very small, minimum allocation 
for Group 1 and Group 2 was 1 each. 
 
 
4.5.2 Urban sector: Let âuâ be the sample size allocated for an urban stratum. For all strata, 
if âu/2â >1, implying formation of 2 or more sub-strata, all the UFS blocks within the stratum 
were first arranged in ascending order of total number of households in the UFS blocks as per 
urban frame. Then sub-strata was demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised 
a group of UFS blocks (all SUs within the block taken together) having more or less equal 
number of households. 
 
4.6 Total sample size (FSUs) 
 
4.6.1 9,954 FSUs have been allocated for the central sample at all-India level. For the state 
sample, there are 10,630 FSUs allocated for all-India. 
 
4.7 Allocation of total sample to State/UTs 
 
4.7.1 The total number of sample FSUs were allocated to the State/UTs in proportion to 
population as per Census 2011 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/UT. 
 
4.8 Allocation of State/UT level sample to rural and urban sectors 
 
4.8.1 State/UT level sample sizes were allocated between two sectors in proportion to 
population as per Census 2011 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector. A minimum of 4 FSUs, 
each for rural and urban sector separately, was allocated to each State/UT. For more 
urbanised big States like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc., the urban allocation was limited to 
rural sample size to avoid undue weightage to urban sector. 
193

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
 
 
4.9 Allocation to strata 
 
4.9.1 Within each sector of a State/ UT, the respective sample size was allocated to the 
different strata in proportion to the population as per Census 2011. Stratum level allocation 
was adjusted to multiples of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2. 
For special stratum formed at state level as mentioned in para 4.4 (b), 4 FSUs were 
allocated. 
 
4.10 Allocation to sub-strata: 
4.10.1 Rural: Allocation was 2 for each sub-stratum in the rural sector (except for sub-strata 
formed in Group 1 and Group 2 in some cases where minimum allocation was 1). 
4.10.2 Urban: Allocation was 2 for each sub-stratum in the urban sector. 
 
4.10.3 In certain exceptional cases, especially for some States in the North Eastern Region, 
bigger sub-strata were formed because of much skewed distribution of villages. In such 
substrata, the allocations were more than 2. 
 
 
4.11 Selection of FSUs within a stratum/sub-stratum: 
4.11.1 From all the sub-strata in both rural and urban sector within each stratum, required 
numbers of FSUs were selected by Simple Random Sampling Without Replacement 
(SRSWOR) scheme. 
 
 
4.12 Formation of sub-units and listing of households 
4.12.1 Procedure of formation of SUs: After identification of the boundaries of the village/ 
UFS block which contains the sample FSU, the village/ UFS block was to be divided into the 
number of SUs (say, D) as given in the sample list by more or less equalising the present 
population of the village/UFS block in which the sample FSUs were located. For 
villages/blocks where the number of SUs to be formed was 1 as per the sample list, no SU 
formation was required. 
4.12.2 Listing of households: All the households of the sample FSU are listed. Temporarily 
locked households are also listed after ascertaining the temporariness of locking of 
households through local enquiry. 
194

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
 
 
4.13 Formation of second stage strata (SSS) of households and allocation among SSS: 
 
4.13.1 Schedule 33.1 (Rural only): Land and Livestock Holdings of Households and 
Situation Assessment of Agricultural Households: Five SSS were formed. The 
composition of the SSS and number of households surveyed from different SSS are as 
follows: 
 
 
 
Composition 
SSS 
No. 
Number of 
households to 
be surveyed 
Non-agricultural households 	1 2 
Agricultural households with land possessed less than 0.250 
hectare (0.618 acre) 
2 2 
Agricultural households with land possessed equal to or more 
than 0.250 hectare but less than 1.000 hectare (2.471 acre) 
3 2 
Agricultural households with land possessed equal to or more 
than 1.000 hectare but less than 2.000 hectares (4.942 acre) 
4 2 
Agricultural households with land possessed equal to or more 
than 2.000 hectares 
5 2 
Total 	10 
 
 
4.13.2 Schedule 18.2: Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS): A cut-off points âAâ (in Rs.) 
was determined from householdâs usual monthly consumer expenditure collected in Schedule 
21.1: Domestic Tourism Expenditure of NSS 72
nd
 round (July, 2014 â June, 2015) data (with 
proper adjustments using price indices) for each NSS region for both rural and urban areas 
separately, in such a way that top 20% of the population have MPCE more than âAâ. 
Six SSS were formed both in rural and urban sector considering the MPCE and 
indebtedness of households. The composition of the SSS and number of households surveyed 
from different SSS for both rural and urban sectors are as follows: 
195

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Composition 
SSS 
No. 
Number of 
households to 
be surveyed 
Households with MPCE > A and indebted either to institutional 
agencies only or to both institutional and non-institutional 
agencies 
 
1 
 
2 
Households with MPCE > A and indebted to non-institutional 
agencies only 
2 2 
Households with MPCE > A and without any indebtedness 3 2 
Households with MPCE â¤ A and indebted either to institutional 
agencies only or to both institutional and non-institutional 
agencies 
 
4 
 
2 
Households with MPCE â¤ A and indebted to non-institutional 
agencies only 
5 2 
Households with MPCE â¤ A and without any indebtedness 6 2 
Total 	12 
 
 
4.14 Selection of households: The sample households from each SSS for each of the 
schedules were selected by SRSWOR. 
 
5. Estimation procedure 
5.1 Notations: 
 
s = subscript for s-th stratum 
t = subscript for t-th sub-stratum 
i = subscript for i-th FSU [SU/ village (panchayat ward)/ block] 
j = subscript for j-th second stage stratum in an FSU 
k = subscript for k-th sample household within an FSU 
N = total number of FSUs in any rural/urban sub-stratum 
n = number of sample FSUs surveyed including âuninhabitedâ and âzero casesâ but excluding 
casualty for a particular sub-stratum 
H = total number of households listed in a second-stage stratum of an FSU 
h = number of households surveyed in a second-stage stratum of an FSU 
 
x, y = observed values of characteristics x, y under estimation 
X
Ë 
, Y
Ë 
= estimates of population total X, Y for the characteristics x, y 
Under the above symbols, 
 
ystijk = observed value of the characteristic y for the k-th household of the j-th second stage 
stratum of the i-th FSU for the t-th sub-stratum of s-th stratum. 
196

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
n 
n 
 
However, for ease of understanding, a few symbols have been suppressed in following 
paragraphs where they are obvious. 
 
5.2 Formulae for Estimation of Aggregates for a stratum ï´ sub-stratum: 
5.2.1 Schedule 0.0 (Rural/Urban): 
 
(i) For estimating the number of households in a stratum ï´ sub-stratum 
possessing a characteristic: 
Ë 
N 
Y ï½ ï¥ y
i
 
i ï½1 
 
where y
i is the total number of households possessing the characteristic y in i-th 
FSU respectively. 
 
 
(ii) For estimating the number of villages in a stratum ï´ sub-stratum possessing a 
characteristic: 
197

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
s 
N 
ï¥ï 
 
 
Y
Ë 
ï½ 
N 
n 
y 
ï¥ï 
n 
i ï½ 1 
i
 
 
where yi is taken as 1 for sample villages possessing the characteristic and 0 
otherwise. 
 
5.2.2 Schedules 18.2 (Rural/Urban): 
 
(i) For j-th second-stage stratum of a stratum ï´ sub-stratum: 
Ë 
nj 
ï© H
ij
 h
ij ï¹ï 
Yj ï½ ïªï 
n 
ï¥ 
y
ijk ïºï 
j 
iï½1 ïªï« 
h
ij k ï½1 ïºï»ï 
Where nj is the number of sample FSUs with non-void j-th second-stage stratum. 
 
(ii) Aggregate Y
Ë 
is obtained combining all the second-stage strata: 
Y
Ë 
ï½ ï¥Y
Ë
 
j 
 
Note: Values of j are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 
 
5.3 Overall Estimate for Aggregates for a stratum: 
Overall estimate for a stratum (Y
Ë
s ) will be obtained as 
Y
Ë
s ï½ ï¥Y
Ë
st 
t 
 
5.4 Overall Estimate of Aggregates at State/UT/all-India level: 
The overall estimate Y
Ë 
at the State/ UT/ all-India level is obtained by summing the 
stratum estimates Y
Ë 
over all strata belonging to the State/ UT/ all-India. 
 
5.5 Estimates of Ratios: 
Let Y
Ë 
and X
Ë 
be the overall estimates of the aggregates Y and X for two 
characteristics y and x respectively at the State/ UT/ all-India level. 
Then the combined ratio estimate (R
Ë
 ) of the ratio (R ï½ 
Y 
) 
X 
will be obtained as 
R
Ë 
ï½ 
Y
Ë 
. 
X
Ë 
 
5.6 Estimates for Visit 1, Visit 2 and for the two Visits combined may be obtained separately 
by restricting the sample FSUs to the respective Visits. 
j 
198

Sample Design & Estimation Procedure   
 
 
 
2 
 
 
5.7 Estimation of Errors: 
5.7.1 Formula for estimated variance (for Rural/Urban): 
 
5.7.1.1 The sampling scheme in the current round was SRSWOR. However, if the sampling 
fraction is small, then the difference between variance estimates using the SRSWR and 
SRSWOR becomes negligible. In such case, samples can be treated as drawn with SRSWR 
and variance estimates becomes simpler in form and easy to calculate. It has been observed 
that overall sampling fraction is quite low in the current situation and hence there is not much 
loss in accuracy of variance estimates if SRSWR is assumed. 
 
VaËr(Y
Ë
) ï½ ï¥VaËr(Y
Ë
s) ï½ ï¥ï¥VaËr(Y
Ë
st) 
s 	s t 
 
&#3627408457;âí µí±&#3627408479;(&#3627408460;^
&#3627408480;&#3627408481; ) = í µí°µ^ (&#3627408460;^
&#3627408480;&#3627408481; ) + &#3627408458;^ (&#3627408460;^
&#3627408480;&#3627408481; ) 
 
whereí µí°µ^ (&#3627408460;^ 
) = 
  (1âí µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481;)  
â
í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
(&#3627408449;
 &#3627408460;^ â &#3627408460;^ 
2
; &#3627408458;^ (&#3627408460;^ 
) = 
&#3627408449;&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
â
í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
â 
(1âí µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j) 
í µí°»
2 
&#3627408480;
2 
&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; (í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; â1) í µí±=1 &#3627408480;&#3627408481; &#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí± &#3627408480;&#3627408481; ) &#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
í µí±=1 j 
â&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j 
&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j w_&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j 
 
5.7.3 Formula for estimated variance of ratio R
Ë 
(for Rural/Urban): 
MS
Ë
E(R
Ë
) ï½ï 
1 
X
Ë 2 ï¥ï¥MS
Ë
Est (R
Ë
) 
s t 
 
&#3627408448;&#3627408454;^í µí°¸&#3627408480;&#3627408481;(&#3627408453;^) = í µí°µ^
&#3627408479;_&#3627408480;&#3627408481;(&#3627408453;^) + &#3627408458;&#3627408479;_&#3627408480;&#3627408481;(&#3627408453;^) 
 
where í µí°µ^ 
(&#3627408453;^) = 
 (1âí µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±)  
â
í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
[&#3627408449;
 (&#3627408460;^ â &#3627408459;^ ) â (&#3627408460;^ â &#3627408453;^&#3627408459;^ ) ; 
&#3627408479;_&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; (í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; â1) 
í µí±=1 &#3627408480;&#3627408481; &#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí± &#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí± &#3627408480;&#3627408481; &#3627408480;&#3627408481; ] 
 
 
&#3627408458;^ 
í µí±&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
(&#3627408453;^) = 
&#3627408449;
&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
â â 
(1 â í µí±
&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j) 
í µí°»
2 &#3627408480;
2 
&#3627408479;_&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
í µí±
&#3627408480;&#3627408481; 
 
í µí±=1 j 
â
&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j 
&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j w&#3627408479;_&#3627408480;&#3627408481;í µí±j 
 
5.7.4 Estimates of Relative Standard Error (RSE): 
 
RS
Ë
Eï¨Y
Ë ï©ï½ï 
ï 
RS
Ë
Eï¨R
Ëï©ï½ï 
VaËrï¨Y
Ë ï©ï 
Y
Ë 
ï´100 
MS
Ë
Eï¨R
Ë ï©ï 
R
Ë 
ï´100 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
199

NSS Report no. 588: All India Debt & Investment Survey - 2019 
 
 
6. Multipliers: 
The formulae for multipliers at stratum/sub-stratum/second-stage stratum level for a 
schedule type are given below. The formulae are applicable for both Visit1 and Visit 2. 
 
Schedule 
type 
Sector 	Formula for multipliers 
 
18.2 
Rural/urban 
N H 
st 
ï´ 
stij 
n
stj 
h
stij 
j = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 for Schedule 18.2 
 
Note: 
(i) For estimating any characteristic for any domain not specifically considered in 
sample design, indicator variable may be used. 
(ii) Multipliers have to be computed on the basis of information available in the 
listing schedule irrespective of any misclassification observed between the listing 
schedule and detailed enquiry schedule. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
200

Appendix C 
 
SCHEDULE 18.2 
 
(Visit -1 & 2) 
201

202

RURAL  * 	GOVERNMENT OF INDIA 	CENTRAL  * 
URBAN   	NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY OFFICE STATE   
 	SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY   
 	SEVENTY- SEVENTH ROUND : JANUARY TO DECEMBER 2019   
 	HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE 18.2 : DEBT AND INVESTMENT   
 
VISIT 1 
 
[0] descriptive identification of sample household 
1. state/u.t.: 	5. investigator unit /block: 
2. district: 	6. sample sub unit (SU) number: 
 
3. sub district/ tehsil/town:
*
 	7. name of head of household: 
4. village name(s): 	8. name of informant: 
 
 
[1] identification of sample household 
item 
no. 
item 	code item 
no. 
item 	code 
1. srl. no. of sample village/block 
     
6. visit 	1 
 
2. 
 
round number 
 
7 
 
7 
 
7. 
serial number of informant 
#
 
(as in column 1 of block 3 of 
visit-1 schedule) 
 
3. schedule number 	1 8 2 8. response code 
 
4. second-stage stratum number 
 
9. survey code 
 
5. sample household number 
 
10. 
reason for substitution of original 
household 
 
 
 
Codes for Block 1 
Item8:response code:informant: co-operative and capable -1, co-operative but not capable -2, busy -3, reluctant 
-4, others -9. 
Item9:survey code:original -1, substitute -2, casualty -3. 
Item 10: reason for substitution of original household: informant busy -1, members away from home -2, 
informant non-cooperative -3, others -9. 
 
* tick mark (ï ) may be put in the appropriate place. 
#
if the informant is not a household member, code 99 will be recorded. 
203

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1  
 
 
 
[2] particulars of field operations 
srl. 
no. 
item 
Field Investigator (FI)/ Junior 
Statistical Officer(JSO) 
Field Officer (FO)/ Senior 
Statistical Officer (SSO) 
(1) 	(2) 	(3) 	(4) 
1(a). (i) name (block letters)   
(ii) code   
(iii) signature   
1(b). (i) name (block letters)   
(ii) code   
(iii) signature    
2. date(s) of:  	DD MM YY DD MM YY 
(i) survey/ inspection      
(ii) receipt            
(iii) scrutiny            
(iv) despatch            
3. number of additional sheet(s) attached  
 
4. 
total time taken to canvass the schedule by the 
team of investigators (FI/JSO) 
(in minutes) [no decimal point] 
  
5. 
number of investigators (FI/JSO) in the team who 
canvassed the schedule 
  
 
6. 
whether any remark has 
been entered by 
FI/JSO/SSO 
(yes-1, no-2) 
(i) in block 15/16 
  
(ii) elsewhere in the 
schedule 
  
 
 
 
[15] remarks by investigator (FI/JSO) 
[16] comments by SSOs 
204

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1   
 
 
 
[3]demographicand otherparticulars of household members 
 
 
 
 
srl. 
no. 
 
 
 
 
name ofthe member 
 
 
 
relation 
to 
head 
(code) 
 
 
 
 
gender 
(code) 
 
 
 
 
age 
(yrs) 
 
 
highest 
educational 
level 
attained 
(code) 
whether holding deposit 
account in 
whether 
contri- 
buting 
to any 
Co-op 
Credit 
Society/ 
SHG/ 
JLG 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
whether 
having 
any 
deposit 
in non- 
instt. 
agency
$
 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
 
 
whether 
owns 
any 
land 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
if yes in 
col. 12, 
whether 
owns 
any 
agri- 
cultural 
land 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
if col. (5) â¥18 
Comm- 
ercial 
bank/ 
RRB/ 
Co-op 
bank 
(code) 
 
 
Post 
Office 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
Non 
Banking 
Finan- 
cial 
Comp. 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
 
whether 
holding
#
 a 
credit/ 
debit card 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
if yes in 
col.14, 
whether 
used 
during last 
365 days 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
whether 
having
#
 
an 
e- 
wallet* 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
if yes in 
col.16, 
whether 
used 
during last 
365 days 
(yes-1, 
no-2) 
(1) (2) 	(3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 
1.   
2.   
3.   
4.   
5.   
6.   
7.   
8.   
9.   
10.   
11.   
   
   
   
   
$ like chit fund/jewellery house etc. 
*like Paytm, pay U money, Airtel money, Vodafone M-pesa, UPI, BHIM, freecharge, mobiwik, Oxigen wallet, etc. 
# as on date of survey 
205

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1  
 
 
Codes for Block 3 
 
 
col. 3 relation to head: self â1, spouse of head â2, married child â3, spouse of married child â 4, unmarried child â5, 
grand child -6, father/mother/ father-in-law/ mother-in-law â 7, brother / sister/ brother-in-law/ sister-in-law/ 
other relatives â 8, servant/employees/ other non-relatives â9. 
col. 4 gender: male-1,female-2, transgender-3 
col. 6 highest educational level attained: 
not literate -01 
literate: below primary-02 
primary -03 
upper primary/middle -04 
secondary -05 
higher secondary -06 
diploma /certificate course (upto secondary) -07 
diploma/certificate course (higher secondary) -08 
diploma/certificate course(graduation & above) -10 
graduate -11 
post graduate and above -12 
col.7 Commercial bank/RRB/Co-op bank: 
yes with banking services taken only from bank branch- 1 
yes with banking services taken only from bank mitra- 2 
yes with banking services taken from bank branch & bank mitra â 3 
no account - 4 
206

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1  
 
 
 
[4] household characteristics 
1. household size  
8.2 
area operated under kitchen 
garden (acres 0.00) 
  
2. religion (code)  
3. social group (code) 
 how many household members have the following 
govt. insurance/pension subscription
#
 
4. household type (code) 
 
9.1 
Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana 
(PMJJBY) 
 
 
5. 
area of homestead 
landpossessed as on date 
of survey (acres 0.00) 
  
 
9.2 
Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana 
(PMSBY) 
 
area of land possessed as on date of survey 
(acres 0.00) 
9.3 Atal Pension Yojana (APY) 
 
6.1 owned and possessed 
  
householdâs usual monthly consumer expenditure 
(in whole no. of Rs.) 
6.2 leased in 
  
 
6.3 
 
otherwise possessed 
   
10.1 
usual consumer expenditure in a 
month for household purposes out of 
purchase (A) 
 
6.4 leased out 
  
10.2 
imputed value of usual consumption in 
a month from home grown stock (B) 
 
 
7. 
whether operated any land for 
agricultural activities during last 365 
days (yes-1, no-2) 
 
 
10.3 
imputed value of usual consumption in 
a month from wages in kind, free 
collection, gifts, etc (C) 
 
if âyesâ in item 7 	10.4 
expenditure on purchase of household 
durable during last 365 days (D) 
 
8.1 
area operated by the 
household (acres 0.00) 
  
10.5 
usual monthly consumer expenditure 
E: [A+B+C+(D/12)] 
 
# please put 0 (zero), if no household member is having any govt. insurance/pension subscription 
 
Codes for Block 4 
 
item 2: religion: 
Hinduism -1, Islam -2, Christianity -3, Sikhism -4, Jainism -5, Buddhism -6, Zoroastrianism -7, other-9 
item 3: social group: 
scheduled tribe (ST) -1, scheduled caste (SC) -2, other backward class (OBC) -3, other-9 
item 4: household type- for rural areas: 
self-employed in agriculture -1 
self-employed in non-agriculture -2 
regular wage/salary earning -3 
casual labour in agriculture-4 
casual labour in non-agriculture -5 
other -9 
household type-for urban areas: 
self-employed -1 
regular wage/salary earning -2 
casual labour -3 
other -9 
207

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1  
 
 
[5.1] RURAL LAND owned (exclusively/jointly
@
)by the household as on 30.06.2018 (to be canvassed in both rural & urban households) 
 
srl. 
no. 
of 
plot 
 
 
survey number or other 
identification particulars of the plot 
 
type of 
land 
(code) 
land ownedby the householdas on30.06.2018 whether female 
members of the 
household have any 
share in the 
ownership of the 
plot(yes-1, no-2) 
if yes in col. 6, 
areaowned by 
female 
members 
(acres 0.00) 
area (acres 0.00) value (Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) 	(3) (4) 	(5) 	(6) (7) 
1. 
       
2. 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
96. total rural land outside the FSU      
98. total homestead land owned 10       
99. total land owned 
      
@ if it is a joint ownership, the area and value of the portion owned only by the selected household is to be recorded 
col.3: type of land: crop area, irrigated- 01, crop area, unirrigatedâ 02, orchards and plantations â03, forest â04, water bodies for fishing & 
aquaculture â 05; area put to non- agricultural uses: water bodies â 06, exclusively for non-farm business â 07, other non-agricultural uses - 08 ; 
residential area including homestead-10, other areas â 09. 
208

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1  
 
 
[5.2] URBAN LAND owned (exclusively/jointly
@
)by the household as on 30.06.2018(to be canvassed in both rural & urban households) 
 
srl. 
no. 
of 
plot 
 
 
survey number or other identification 
particulars of the plot 
 
type of 
land 
(code) 
land owned by the householdas 
on30.06.2018 
whether female 
members of the 
household have any 
share in the 
ownership of the 
plot(yes-1, no-2) 
 
if yes in col. 6, 
areaowned by 
female members 
(acres 0.00) 
 
area (acres 0.00) 
 
value (Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) 	(3) (4) 	(5) 	(6) 	(7) 
1. 
     
2. 
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
97. total urban land outside the FSU    
98. total homestead land owned 	10     
99. total land owned     
@ if it is a joint ownership, the area and value of the share owned only by the selected household is to be recorded 
col.3: type of land: crop area, irrigated/unirrigated - 01, other area for agricultural/farm businessâ 02, for non-farm business â 03, residential area 
including homestead-10, other areas â 09. 
209

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1 
 
 
 
[6] buildings and other constructions owned (exclusively/jointly
@
)by the household as on 
30.06.2018 
 
 
 
type 
 
 
 
item description 
 
 
srl. 
no. 
owned by the household as on 30.06.2018 
area in sq. m. 
(0.00) 
value (Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) (3) (4) 	(5) 
 
 
residential 
building 
used as dwelling by household 
members 
1. 
  
other residential building within 
the village/town 
2.   
other residential building outside 
the village/town 
3.   
building 
used for 
farm 
business 
animal shed 	4.   
others such as barn, warehouse 
(incl. cold storage), farm house, 
etc. 
5.   
building used for non-farm business 
(workplace, workshop, mfg. unit, shop, etc.) 
6.   
building for other purposes (charitable, 
recreational like cinema hall, temple etc.) 
7. 
  
work-in-progress 
(structure under construction) 
8. 
  
other constructions (well, borewell, tubewell, 
field distribution system, etc.) 
9.   
total (items 1 to 9) 	10.   
@ if it is a joint ownership, the area and value of the portion owned only by the selected 
household is to be recorded 
210

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1 
 
 
7] livestock and poultry owned (exclusively/jointly
@
)by the household as on 30.06.2018 
 
item description 
 
 
srl. 
no. 
owned by the household as on 
30.06.2018 
no. 
value (Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) (3) (4) 
cattle 
exotic/ 
cross-bred/ 
descript/ 
non- 
descript 
(a) young stock 
(i) young stock (male) 
1. 
 
(ii) young stock (female) 2. 
 
(b) female 
(i) breeding cow (milching) 
3. 
 
(ii) breeding cow: dry/not calved 
even once 
4. 
 
(iii) other 	5.  
(c) male cattle 
for work/ breeding/other 
6. 
 
buffalo 
exotic/ 
cross-bred/ 
descript/ 
non- 
descript 
(a) young stock 
(i) young stock (male) 
7. 
 
(ii) young stock (female) 8.  
(b) female 
(i) breeding buffalo: in milk 
9. 
 
(ii) breeding buffalo: dry/not 
calved even once 
10. 
 
(iii) other 	11.  
(c) male 
for work/breeding/other 
12. 
 
sub-total (items 1to 12) 	13. 
 
ovine and other mammals (sheep, goat, pig, 
rabbits, etc.) 
14. 
 
poultry birds (hen, cock, chicken, duck, 
duckling, other poultry birds, etc.) 
15. 
 
other including large heads (elephant, camel, 
horse, mule, pony, donkey, yak, mithun, etc.) 
16. 
 
total (items 13 to 16) 	17. 
 
@ if it is a joint ownership, value of the livestock shared only by the selected household is to 
be recorded 
211

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1 
 
 
[8]transportequipment owned (exclusively/jointly
@
)by the householdas on 30.06.2018 
 
 
item description 
srl. 
no. 
owned by the household as 
on 30.06.2018 
main use 
of the 
equip- 
ment 
owned 
(code) 
no. value (Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) (3) (4) (5) 
tractors (all types) 	1. 
  
motor cars/jeep/van 	2. 
  
motorcycles/ scooters/ mopeds/ auto- 
rickshaws 
3. 
  
rickshaw/e-rickshaw/toto rickshaw/van 
rickshaw 
4. 
  
bicycles 	5. 
  
carts (hand-driven / animal driven) 6. 
  
other transport equipment incl. boats, 
trucks,trailers, light commercial vehicles 
(LCV), passenger buses, etc. 
7. 
  
total (items 1 to 7) 	8. 
  
@ if it is a joint ownership, the value of the item shared only by the selected household is to 
be recorded 
 
Code for Block 8:col. 5: main use of transport equipment: for farm business -1; for non-farm 
business-2; for household use-3. 
212

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1 
 
 
[9] agricultural machinery and implements owned (exclusively/jointly
@
)by the household as 
on 30.06.2018 
 
 
item description 
srl. 
no. 
owned by the household as on 
30.06.2018 
no. value (Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) (3) (4) 
power tiller/power driven plough etc. 	1. 
 
crop harvester (power driven)/combined harvester 2. 
 
thresher, other power driven machinery and equipment 3. 
 
laser land leveler 	4. 
 
manually operated implements/tools (inc. sickle, chaff- 
cutter, axe, spade, chopper, plough, harrow etc.) 
5. 
 
diesel pumps 	6. 
 
electric pumps 	7. 
 
drip sprinkler 	8. 
 
other machineries for irrigation 	9. 
 
capital work-in-progress(agricultural machinery and 
equipment under installation) 
10. 
 
other not covered in items 1 to 10excluding furniture 
and fixtures 
11. 
 
furniture and fixtures 	12. 
 
total (items 1 to 12) 	13. 
 
@ if it is a joint ownership, the value of the item shared only by the selected household is to be 
recorded 
213

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1 
 
 
[10] non-farm business equipment fully owned by the household as on 30.06.2018 
 
 
item description 
 
srl. 
no. 
owned by the 
household as on 
30.06.2018 
value (Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) (3) 
machinery, tools& appliances 
 
handloom, semi-automatic and power looms, ginning, pressing and baling equipment 1. 
 
reeds, bobbins and other items used in spinning and weaving and tailoring equipment, and 
related accessories 
2. 
 
equipment used in beauty salon/spa 	3. 
 
instruments used in gyms 	4. 
 
equipment for maintaining and repairing cycles/rickshaw/automobile 	5. 
 
mills (e.g. ghanies, oil-mills/crusher (power-driven), rice-milling including crusher and 
pounding equipment, flour-milling and grinding equipment), cane crusher etc. 
6. 
 
electric motors, generators, pump sets, inverters, etc. 	7. 
 
casting, melting and welding equipment, furnace, bellows, kiln, potterâs wheels, cobblerâs 
tools etc. 
8. 
 
scales, weights and measures 	9. 
 
saw (all types), carpentry tools, electric drilling machines and other related tools and 
machines 
10. 
 
Xerox/ duplicating machine, camera, lamination machine, fax machine, printing press, 
personal computer, printer, other ICT equipment etc. 
11. 
 
tools for mobile repairing , computer repairing, etc. 	12. 
 
X- ray machine, ultra sound machine, ECG machines, other medical equipment 13. 
 
lathes, other machinery tools& appliances 	14. 
 
total: machinery, tools & appliances (items 1 to 14) 	15. 
 
intellectual property product (intangible assets) like software, database, trademark, 
manuscripts, copyrights, etc. 
16. 
 
capital work-in-progress (non-farm business equipment under installation/ software 
development ) 
17. 
 
other non-farm business equipment not covered in item 1 -14, 16-17, excluding furniture 
and fixtures 
18. 
 
ffurniture fixtures 	19. 
 
total (item 15 + items 16 to 19) 	20. 
 
Note: The above block is only applicable to those households in which household member(s) own one or more of the 
above items which are used in some non-farm business of the household or hired out for such use. 
214

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1   
 
[11a] financial assets including receivables(other thanshares and related instruments)owned by the householdas on 30.06.2018 
srl. 
no. 
 
item description 
value (Rs.) 
as on 
date of survey 
transactions during 01.07.2018 
to the date of survey 
value (Rs.) 
as on 
30.06.2018 
(col. 3 + col. 5 â col.4) 
acquisition disposal 
(1) 	(2) 	(3) (4) (5) 	(6) 
1. cash in hand    
2. amount in current bank account    
3. 
 
deposit
 
deposit in savings bank account (excl. Post Office Savings Bank POSB) 
   
4. fixed deposit/ term deposit/ RD / flexi- RD in banks (excl. POSB) 
   
5. savings and/or fixed deposits in post office savings bank 
   
6. other fixed income deposits (NSC, KVP, saving bonds, other small savings schemes, etc.)    
7. deposits in cooperative banks 
   
8. deposits with non-banking finance companies 
   
9. deposits with Co-op credit society/micro-finance institutions/self-help groups 
   
10. 
PF/ 
Pension 
fund
 
contributions to provident fund (GPF/PPF/EPF etc.) 
   
11. contributions to pension fund& NPS/other contributory funds/annuity schemes   
12. 
Life 
Insurance
 total no. of insurance policies in the name of household member(s) 
   
13. total sum assured 
   
14. amount received under money back policies etc. 
   
15. other financial savings (deposits with other enterprises, individuals, chit fund contributions etc.) 
   
16. 
other 
receivable
 
interest free loan given to others including friends and relatives 
   
17. business loans given to others 
   
18. personal loans given to others 
   
19. total (items 1 to 18) 
   
20. bullion & ornaments (incl. gold jewellery, gems & precious stones etc.) 
   
21. paintings and artistic originals 
   
215

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1  
 
 
[11b] investments in share and related instruments owned by the household in co-operative societies & 
companies as on 30.06.2018 
 
srl. 
no. 
 
type of instrument 
value (Rs.) 
as on 
date of survey 
value (Rs.) of transactions 
during 01.07.2018 to date of 
survey 
value (Rs.) 
as on 
30.06.2018 
(col. 3 + col. 5 â col.4) acquisition disposal 
(1) (2) 	(3) (4) (5) 	(6) 
1. mutual fund 
   
2. shares in companies 
   
3. 
debentures/bonds in 
companies 
   
4. 
shares in co-operative 
society 
   
5. total (item 1 to 4)   
216

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1   
 
 
[12] particulars of cash loans payable by the household to institutional/ non-institutional agencies as on the date of survey and transactions of loans during 01.07.2018 to date of 
survey 
 
srl.
 
no.
 of
 
loan
 
 
year
 ofborrowing
 
borrowings  
 
 
amount (Rs.) 
repaid 
(including 
interest) 
during01.07.2018 
to 
date of survey 
 
 
 
amount 
(Rs.) 
written off 
(including 
interest) 
during01.07.2018 
to date of survey 
 
 
 
amount 
(Rs.) 
outstanding 
(including 
interest) 
as on 
date of survey 
 
 
if code in col.3= 1 
amount 
(Rs.) 
outstanding 
(including 
interest) 
as on 
30.06.2018 
(cols. 12 + 13 + 14) 
whether
 loan
 remained
 unpaid 
on30.6.2018 (yes
-
1 no
-
2)
 
  
amount
 borrowed
 
originally
 
 
credit
 agency
 (code)
 
scheme
 of
 lending
 (code)
 if
 col.
 5
 is 
01
-
08 and 10 to 13
 
tenure
 of
 loan
 (code
 )
 
nature
 of
 interest
 (code)
 
 
annual
 rate
 of
 interest
 
(%)
 
purpose
 of
 loan
 
(
 code)
 
whether
 the
 loan
 is
 secured(yes
 -
1 
no 2)
 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 
A. institutional agencies 
1 
    
2 
    
.. 
    
50 
    
B. non-institutional agencies 
51 
    
.. 
    
98 
    
99. total 
    
 
CODES ON NEXT PAGE 
217

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1  
 
 
[13] kind loans payable by the household as on the date of survey 
srl. 
no 
period 
(code) 
source 
(code) 
purpose 
(code) 
amount outstanding 
as on the date of survey 
(Rs.) 
(1) (2) 	(3) (4) 	(5) 
1. 
    
2.     
... 
    
99. total 
   
Codes for Block 12 
 
col.5: credit agencies: 
scheduled commercial bank â 01, regional rural bank - 02, co-operative society -03, co-operative 
bank â 04, insurance companies â05, provident fund â 06, employer â 07, financial 
corporation/institution â 08, NBFCs including micro-financing institution (MFIs) â10, bank 
linked SHG/JLG â11, non-bank linked SHG/JLG â12, 
other institutional agencies â13 
landlord â 14,agricultural moneylender â 15,professional moneylender -16,input supplier â 
17,relatives and friends â 18, Chit fund-19, Market commission agent/traders-20 
other - 09 
col. 6: scheme of lending: 
Mudra â 1, Stand-Up India scheme â 2,NRLM/NULM (National Rural/Urban Livelihood 
Mission)- 3 
other central govt schemes -4,exclusive state scheme -5,exclusive bank scheme- 6, 
kisan credit card -7, crop loan/ other agricultural loan â 8, 
not covered under any scheme -9 
col.7: tenure of loan: 
short-term (less than 1 year)-1,medium term (1 to 3 year) â 2, long-term (3 year or more) -3 
col.8: nature of interest: interest free -1, simple -2, compound -3 
col. 10: purpose of loan: 
capital expenditure in farm business-01, revenue expenditure in farm business- 02, 
capital expenditure in non-farm business -03, revenue expenditure in non-farm business-04, 
expenditure on litigation-05,repayment of debt-06,financial investment expenditure-07, 
for education -08 ,for medical treatment-10,for housing-11,for other household expenditure- 
12,other-09 
Code for Block 13 
 
col. 2: period: less than 1month-1,1 month and above but less than 3 months-2,3 months and above but 
less than 6 months-3, 6 months& above but less than 1year-4, one year&above-5 
col.3: source : input supplier-1, relatives&friends-2, doctor, lawyers and other professionals- 3, 
other -9 
col.4: purpose: revenue expenditure in farm business-1 , revenue expenditure in non-farm business-2, 
household expenditure-3, other expenditure -9 
218

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1 
 
 
[14] value (Rs.) of transactions by the household on specified items during01.07.2018 to 31.12.2018 
item description 
srl. 
no. 
floor area in 
sq. m. 
(0.00) 
URBAN 
ONLY 
expenditure (Rs.) on 
amount (Rs.) financed 
from borrowings 
value (Rs.) 
 
net addition 
(col.8 - col.13) 
(Rs.) 
  
 
purchase 
(new) 
 
addition* 
major 
repairs 
& altera- 
tions
@
 
 
improve- 
ment
#
 
 
total 
(cols.4 to 7) 
 
institu- 
tional 
non- 
institu- 
tional 
 
sale 
 
disposal/ 
loss 
total 
(col.11 + 
col.12) 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) 
residential land& buildings 
Land 	1. 
 
houses, buildings and 
other constructions (including 
farmhouses) 
2. P
$ 
 
3. A
$ 
 
P
s
: purchase, A
s
: addition 
farm business 
Land 	4. 
 
land rights 	5. 
 
building, barns& animals sheds 6. 
 
orchard& plantations 7. 
 
fish tank (all type) 8. 
 
wells, bore-wells, tube- 
wells,field distribution systems, 
other construction and 
irrigation resources 
9. 
 
pump and other water lifting 
equipment 
10. 
 
sickle, chaff-cutter, axe, spade, 
chopper, plough, harrow etc. 
11. 
 
power tiller, thresher, cane 
crusher, oil crusher,combined 
harvester,etc. 
12. 
 
219

Schedule 18.2, Visit-1 
 
 
[14] value (Rs.) of transactions by the household on specified items during01.07.2018 to 31.12.2018 
item description 
srl. 
no. 
floor area in 
sq. m. 
(0.00) 
URBAN 
ONLY 
expenditure (Rs.) on 
amount (Rs.) financed 
from borrowings 
value (Rs.) 
 
net addition 
(col.8 - col.13) 
(Rs.) 
  
 
purchase 
(new) 
 
addition* 
major 
repairs 
& altera- 
tions
@
 
 
improve- 
ment
#
 
 
total 
(cols.4 to 7) 
 
institu- 
tional 
non- 
institu- 
tional 
 
sale 
 
disposal/ 
loss 
total 
(col.11 + 
col.12) 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) 
livestock: working/breeding 
cattle& buffaloes 
13. 
 
livestock: egg-laying ducks 
and hens 
14. 
 
transport equipment incl. 
tractor used for farm business 
only 
15. 
 
Other 	16. 
 
sub-total (items 1 to 16) 97. 
 
non-farm business 
Land 	17. 
 
workplace, workshop/ 
manufacturing unit, shop & 
other constructions 
18. 
 
non-farm business equipment 
& accessories 
19. 
 
transport equipment incl. 
tractor used for non-farm 
business only 
20. 
 
Other 	21. 
 
sub-total 
(items 17 to 21) 
98. 
 
*incl. reclamation of land / construction/new well/ borewell /natural addition; 
@
including renewal & replacement; 
#
incl. bunding and other land improvements/ normal annual replanting in case of orchard &plantation/deepening of wells, widening of field distribution network. 
220

Schedule 18.2, Visit-2 
 
 
 
RURAL  * 	GOVERNMENT OF INDIA 	CENTRAL  * 
URBAN   	NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY OFFICE STATE   
  	SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY   
 	SEVENTY-SEVENTH ROUND : JANUARY TO DECEMBER 2019  
 	HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE 18.2 : DEBT AND INVESTMENT   
 
VISIT 2 
 
 
 
[0] descriptive identification of sample household 
1. state/u.t.: 	5. investigator unit /block: 
2. district: 	6. sample sub unit (SU) number: 
 
3. sub district/ tehsil/town:
*
 	7. name of head of household: 
4. village name(s): 	8. name of informant: 
 
 
 
[1] identification of sample household 
item 
no. 
item 	code item 
no. 
item 	code 
1. srl. no. of sample village/block 
     
6. visit 	2 
 
2. 
 
round number 
 
7 
 
7 
 
7. 
serial number of informant 
#
 
(as in column 1 of block 3 of visit-1 
schedule) 
 
3. schedule number 	1 8 2 8. response code 
 
4. second-stage stratum number 
 
9. survey code 
 
5. sample household number 
 
10. 
reason for casualty of original 
household 
 
 
Codes for Block 1 
item 8: response code: informant: co-operative and capable -1, co-operative but not capable -2, busy -3, 
reluctant -4, others -9. 
item 9: survey code: surveyed -1, casualty -3. 
item 10: reason for casualty of household: informant busy -1, members away from home -2, informant non- 
cooperative -3, others -9. 
 
# If the informant is not a household member, code 99 will be recorded. 
* tick mark (ï ) may be put in the appropriate place. 
221

Schedule 18.2, Visit-2 
 
 
[2] particulars of field operations 
srl. 
no. 
 
item 
Field Investigator (FI)/ 
Junior Statistical 
Officer(JSO) 
Field Officer (FO)/ Senior 
Statistical Officer(SSO) 
(1) 	(2) 	(3) 	(4) 
1(a). (i) name (block letters)   
(ii) code  
(iii) signature 
  
1(b). (i) name (block letters)   
(ii) code  
(iii) signature 
  
2. date(s) of: 	DD MM YY DD MM YY 
(i) survey/ inspection 
           
(ii) receipt 
          
(iii) scrutiny 
          
(iv) despatch 
          
3. number of additional sheet(s) attached 
  
 
4. 
total time taken to canvass the schedule by the 
team of investigators (FI/JSO) 
(in minutes) [no decimal point] 
  
5. 
number of investigators (FI/JSO) in the team who 
canvassed the schedule 
  
 
6. 
whether any remark has 
been entered by 
FI/JSO/SSO officer 
(yes-1, no-2) 
(i) in block 15/16 
  
(ii) elsewhere in the 
schedule 
  
 
 
 
 
[15] remarks by investigator (FI/JSO) 
[16] comments by SSO (s) 
222

Schedule 18.2, Visit-2 
 
 
 
[11c] premium paid by the household for life and non-life 
srl. 
no. 
 
type of instrument 
paid during 
01.04.2018 to 31.03.2019 
(Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) 	(3) 
1. 
premium paid for endowment 
life insurance plan 
 
2. 
premium paid for term life 
insurance plan 
 
3. 
premium paid for health 
insurance 
 
4. 
premium paid for motor vehicle 
insurance 
 
5. 
premium paid for crop and other 
agriculture insurance 
 
6 
premium paid for other
@
 non- 
life insurance 
 
7 total (item 1 to 6) 
 
@
other insurance includes insurance on marine, fire, miscellaneous. 
223

Schedule 18.2, Visit-2  
 
[12] particulars of cash loans payable by the household to institutional/ non-institutional agencies as on the date of survey and transactions of loans during 01.07.2019 to date of 
survey 
 
srl.
 
no.
 of 
loan
 
year
 
of
 borrowing
 
borrowings  
 
 
amount (Rs.) 
repaid 
(including 
interest) 
during01.07.2019 
to 
date of survey 
 
 
 
amount 
(Rs.) 
written off 
(including 
interest) 
during01.07.2019 
to date of survey 
 
 
 
amount 
(Rs.) 
outstanding 
(including 
interest) 
as on 
date of survey 
 
 
if code in col.3= 1 
amount 
(Rs.) 
outstanding 
(including 
interest) 
as on 
30.06.2019 
(cols. 12 + 13 + 14) 
 
whether
 loan
 remained
 unpaid
 on 
30.6.2019
 
(yes
-
1 no
-
2)
 
  
amount
 borrowed
 
originally
 
 
credit
 agency
 (code)
 
scheme
 of
 lending
 (code)
 if
 col.
 5
 is 
01
-
08 and 10 to 13
 
tenure
 of
 loan
 (code
 )
 
nature
 of
 interest
 (code)
 
 
annual
 rate
 of
 interest
 
(%)
 
purpose
 of
 loan
 
(
 code)
 
whether
 the
 loan
 is
 secured(yes
 -
1 
no 2)
 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 
A. institutional agencies 
1 
    
2 
    
.. 
    
49 
    
B. non-institutional agencies 
50 
    
51 
    
.. 
    
98 
    
99. total 
    
CODE LIST ON NEXT PAGE 
224

Schedule 18.2, Visit-2  
 
 
 
 
 
[13] kind loans payable by the household as on the date of survey 
 
srl. 
no 
 
period 
(code) 
 
source 
(code) 
 
purpose 
(code) 
amount outstanding 
as on the date of survey 
(Rs.) 
(1) 	(2) 	(3) 	(4) 	(5) 
1.    
2.    
    
    
99. total   
 
 
 
 
Codes for Block 12 
col. 5: credit agencies: 
scheduled commercial bank â 01, regional rural bank - 02, co-operative society -03, co-operative bank 
â 04, insurance companies â05, provident fund â 06, employer â 07, financial corporation/institution â 
08, NBFCs including micro-financing institution (MFIs) â10, bank linked SHG/JLG â11, non-bank 
linked SHG/JLG â12, 
other institutional agencies â13 
landlord â 14, agricultural moneylender â 15, professional moneylender -16,input supplier â 17, 
relatives and friends â 18, Chit fund-19, Market commission agent/traders-20 
other - 09 
col 6: scheme of lending: 
Mudra â 1, Stand-Up India scheme â 2, NRLM/NULM (National Rural/Urban Livelihood Mission)- 3 
other central govt schemes -4, exclusive state scheme -5, exclusive bank scheme- 6, 
kisan credit card -7, crop loan/ other agricultural loan-8 
not covered under any scheme -9 
col 7: tenure of loan: 
short-term (less than 1 year) -1, medium term (1 to 3 year) â 2, long-term (3 year or more) -3 
col. 8: nature of interest: interest free -1, simple -2, compound -3 
col. 10: purpose of loan: 
capital expenditure in farm business-01, revenue expenditure in farm business- 02, 
capital expenditure in non-farm business -03, revenue expenditure in non-farm business-04, 
expenditure on litigation-05, repayment of debt-06, financial investment expenditure-07, 
for education -08 , for medical treatment-10, for housing-11, for other household expenditure-12, 
other-09 
Codes for Block 13 
col 2: period: less than 1month-1,1 month and above but less than 3 months-2 ,3 months and above but less 
than 6 months-3, 6 months& above but less than 1year-4, one year & above-5 
col 3: source : input supplier-1, relatives&friends-2.doctor, lawyers and other professionals- 3, 
other -9 
col 4: purpose: revenue expenditure in farm business-1, revenueexpenditure in non-farm business-2, 
household expenditure-3, other expenditure -9 
225

Schedule 18.2, Visit-2 
 
 
[14] value (Rs.) of transactions by the household on specified items during01.01.2019 to 30.06.2019 
 
itemdescription 
 
srl.no 
. 
floor area in 
sq. mt 
(0.00) 
URBAN 
 
expenditure (Rs.) on 
amount (Rs.) financed 
from borrowings 
 
value (Rs.) 
 
 
net addition 
(col.8 - col.13) 
(Rs.) 
  
 
purchase 
(new) 
 
addition* 
major 
repairs 
& altera- 
tions
@
 
 
improve- 
ment
#
 
total 
(cols.4 to 
7) 
 
institu- 
tional 
non- 
institu- 
tional 
 
sale 
 
disposal/ 
loss 
total 
(col.11 + 
col.12) 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) 
residential land& buildings 
land 	1. 
  
houses, buildings and 
other constructions 
(including farmhouses) 
2. P
$ 
 
3. A
$ 
 
P
s
: purchase, A
s
: addition 
farm business 
land 	4.  
land rights 	5. 
 
building, barns& animals 
sheds 
6. 
 
orchard& plantations 7.  
fish tank 	8. 
 
wells, bore-wells, tube- 
wells,field distribution 
systems , other construction 
and irrigation resources 
9. 
 
pump and other water lifting 
equipment for irrigation 
10. 
 
sickle, chaff-cutter, axe, 
spade, chopper, plough, 
harrow etc. 
11. 
 
power tiller, thresher, cane 
crusher, oil crusher,combined 
harvester, etc. 
12. 
 
226

[14] value (Rs.) of transactions by the household on specified items during01.01.2019 to 30.06.2019 
 
itemdescription 
 
srl.no 
. 
floor area in 
sq. mt 
(0.00) 
URBAN 
 
expenditure (Rs.) on 
amount (Rs.) financed 
from borrowings 
  
 
purchase 
(new) 
 
addition* 
major 
repairs 
& altera- 
tions
@
 
 
improve- 
ment
#
 
total 
(cols.4 to 
7) 
 
institu- 
tional 
non- 
institu- 
tional 
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 
livestock: working/breeding 
cattle& buffaloes 
13. 
 
livestock: egg-laying ducks 
and hens 
14. 
 
transport equipment incl. 
tractor used for farm business 
only 
15. 
 
other 	16.  
sub-total (items 1 to 16) 97. 
 
non-farm business 
land 	17.  
workplace, workshop/ 
manufacturing unit, shop & 
other constructions 
18. 
 
non-farm business equipment 
& accessories 
19. 
 
transport equipment incl. 
tractor used for non-farm 
business only 
20. 
 
other 	21.  
sub-total(items 17 to 21) 98. 
 
*incl. reclamation of land / construction/new well/ borewell /natural addition; 
@
including renewal & replacement; 
#
incl. bunding and other land improvements/ normal annual replanting in case of orchard &plantation/deepening 
of wells, widening of field distribution net. 
227
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